Emerging of new bioartificial corticospinal motor synergies using a robotic additional thumb

Abstract It is likely that when using an artificially augmented hand with six fingers, the natural five plus a robotic one, corticospinal motor synergies controlling grasping actions might be different. However, no direct neurophysiological evidence for this reasonable assumption is available yet. W...

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Autores principales:	Simone Rossi, Gionata Salvietti, Francesco Neri, Sara M. Romanella, Alessandra Cinti, Corrado Sinigaglia, Monica Ulivelli, Tommaso Lisini Baldi, Emiliano Santarnecchi, Domenico Prattichizzo
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8a4e3c451d7941e088c1f5296e53ccd6
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:8a4e3c451d7941e088c1f5296e53ccd6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8a4e3c451d7941e088c1f5296e53ccd62021-12-02T15:15:44ZEmerging of new bioartificial corticospinal motor synergies using a robotic additional thumb10.1038/s41598-021-97876-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/8a4e3c451d7941e088c1f5296e53ccd62021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97876-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract It is likely that when using an artificially augmented hand with six fingers, the natural five plus a robotic one, corticospinal motor synergies controlling grasping actions might be different. However, no direct neurophysiological evidence for this reasonable assumption is available yet. We used transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex to directly address this issue during motor imagery of objects’ grasping actions performed with or without the Soft Sixth Finger (SSF). The SSF is a wearable robotic additional thumb patented for helping patients with hand paresis and inherent loss of thumb opposition abilities. To this aim, we capitalized from the solid notion that neural circuits and mechanisms underlying motor imagery overlap those of physiological voluntary actions. After a few minutes of training, healthy humans wearing the SSF rapidly reshaped the pattern of corticospinal outputs towards forearm and hand muscles governing imagined grasping actions of different objects, suggesting the possibility that the extra finger might rapidly be encoded into the user’s body schema, which is integral part of the frontal-parietal grasping network. Such neural signatures might explain how the motor system of human beings is open to very quickly welcoming emerging augmentative bioartificial corticospinal grasping strategies. Such an ability might represent the functional substrate of a final common pathway the brain might count on towards new interactions with the surrounding objects within the peripersonal space. Findings provide a neurophysiological framework for implementing augmentative robotic tools in humans and for the exploitation of the SSF in conceptually new rehabilitation settings.Simone RossiGionata SalviettiFrancesco NeriSara M. RomanellaAlessandra CintiCorrado SinigagliaMonica UlivelliTommaso Lisini BaldiEmiliano SantarnecchiDomenico PrattichizzoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Simone Rossi Gionata Salvietti Francesco Neri Sara M. Romanella Alessandra Cinti Corrado Sinigaglia Monica Ulivelli Tommaso Lisini Baldi Emiliano Santarnecchi Domenico Prattichizzo Emerging of new bioartificial corticospinal motor synergies using a robotic additional thumb
description	Abstract It is likely that when using an artificially augmented hand with six fingers, the natural five plus a robotic one, corticospinal motor synergies controlling grasping actions might be different. However, no direct neurophysiological evidence for this reasonable assumption is available yet. We used transcranial magnetic stimulation of the primary motor cortex to directly address this issue during motor imagery of objects’ grasping actions performed with or without the Soft Sixth Finger (SSF). The SSF is a wearable robotic additional thumb patented for helping patients with hand paresis and inherent loss of thumb opposition abilities. To this aim, we capitalized from the solid notion that neural circuits and mechanisms underlying motor imagery overlap those of physiological voluntary actions. After a few minutes of training, healthy humans wearing the SSF rapidly reshaped the pattern of corticospinal outputs towards forearm and hand muscles governing imagined grasping actions of different objects, suggesting the possibility that the extra finger might rapidly be encoded into the user’s body schema, which is integral part of the frontal-parietal grasping network. Such neural signatures might explain how the motor system of human beings is open to very quickly welcoming emerging augmentative bioartificial corticospinal grasping strategies. Such an ability might represent the functional substrate of a final common pathway the brain might count on towards new interactions with the surrounding objects within the peripersonal space. Findings provide a neurophysiological framework for implementing augmentative robotic tools in humans and for the exploitation of the SSF in conceptually new rehabilitation settings.
format	article
author	Simone Rossi Gionata Salvietti Francesco Neri Sara M. Romanella Alessandra Cinti Corrado Sinigaglia Monica Ulivelli Tommaso Lisini Baldi Emiliano Santarnecchi Domenico Prattichizzo
author_facet	Simone Rossi Gionata Salvietti Francesco Neri Sara M. Romanella Alessandra Cinti Corrado Sinigaglia Monica Ulivelli Tommaso Lisini Baldi Emiliano Santarnecchi Domenico Prattichizzo
author_sort	Simone Rossi
title	Emerging of new bioartificial corticospinal motor synergies using a robotic additional thumb
title_short	Emerging of new bioartificial corticospinal motor synergies using a robotic additional thumb
title_full	Emerging of new bioartificial corticospinal motor synergies using a robotic additional thumb
title_fullStr	Emerging of new bioartificial corticospinal motor synergies using a robotic additional thumb
title_full_unstemmed	Emerging of new bioartificial corticospinal motor synergies using a robotic additional thumb
title_sort	emerging of new bioartificial corticospinal motor synergies using a robotic additional thumb
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8a4e3c451d7941e088c1f5296e53ccd6
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Emerging of new bioartificial corticospinal motor synergies using a robotic additional thumb

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