Connectivity differences between consciousness and unconsciousness in non-rapid eye movement sleep: a TMS–EEG study

Abstract The neuronal connectivity patterns that differentiate consciousness from unconsciousness remain unclear. Previous studies have demonstrated that effective connectivity, as assessed by transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with electroencephalography (TMS–EEG), breaks down during the lo...

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Autores principales:	Minji Lee, Benjamin Baird, Olivia Gosseries, Jaakko O. Nieminen, Melanie Boly, Bradley R. Postle, Giulio Tononi, Seong-Whan Lee
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2019
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8a58f089581f4410947ab6503c5453f2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8a58f089581f4410947ab6503c5453f22021-12-02T15:08:32ZConnectivity differences between consciousness and unconsciousness in non-rapid eye movement sleep: a TMS–EEG study10.1038/s41598-019-41274-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/8a58f089581f4410947ab6503c5453f22019-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-41274-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The neuronal connectivity patterns that differentiate consciousness from unconsciousness remain unclear. Previous studies have demonstrated that effective connectivity, as assessed by transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with electroencephalography (TMS–EEG), breaks down during the loss of consciousness. This study investigated changes in EEG connectivity associated with consciousness during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep following parietal TMS. Compared with unconsciousness, conscious experiences during NREM sleep were associated with reduced phase-locking at low frequencies (<4 Hz). Transitivity and clustering coefficient in the delta and theta bands were also significantly lower during consciousness compared to unconsciousness, with differences in the clustering coefficient observed in scalp electrodes over parietal–occipital regions. There were no significant differences in Granger-causality patterns in frontal-to-parietal or parietal-to-frontal connectivity between reported unconsciousness and reported consciousness. Together these results suggest that alterations in spectral and spatial characteristics of network properties in posterior brain areas, in particular decreased local (segregated) connectivity at low frequencies, is a potential indicator of consciousness during sleep.Minji LeeBenjamin BairdOlivia GosseriesJaakko O. NieminenMelanie BolyBradley R. PostleGiulio TononiSeong-Whan LeeNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Minji Lee Benjamin Baird Olivia Gosseries Jaakko O. Nieminen Melanie Boly Bradley R. Postle Giulio Tononi Seong-Whan Lee Connectivity differences between consciousness and unconsciousness in non-rapid eye movement sleep: a TMS–EEG study
description	Abstract The neuronal connectivity patterns that differentiate consciousness from unconsciousness remain unclear. Previous studies have demonstrated that effective connectivity, as assessed by transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with electroencephalography (TMS–EEG), breaks down during the loss of consciousness. This study investigated changes in EEG connectivity associated with consciousness during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep following parietal TMS. Compared with unconsciousness, conscious experiences during NREM sleep were associated with reduced phase-locking at low frequencies (<4 Hz). Transitivity and clustering coefficient in the delta and theta bands were also significantly lower during consciousness compared to unconsciousness, with differences in the clustering coefficient observed in scalp electrodes over parietal–occipital regions. There were no significant differences in Granger-causality patterns in frontal-to-parietal or parietal-to-frontal connectivity between reported unconsciousness and reported consciousness. Together these results suggest that alterations in spectral and spatial characteristics of network properties in posterior brain areas, in particular decreased local (segregated) connectivity at low frequencies, is a potential indicator of consciousness during sleep.
format	article
author	Minji Lee Benjamin Baird Olivia Gosseries Jaakko O. Nieminen Melanie Boly Bradley R. Postle Giulio Tononi Seong-Whan Lee
author_facet	Minji Lee Benjamin Baird Olivia Gosseries Jaakko O. Nieminen Melanie Boly Bradley R. Postle Giulio Tononi Seong-Whan Lee
author_sort	Minji Lee
title	Connectivity differences between consciousness and unconsciousness in non-rapid eye movement sleep: a TMS–EEG study
title_short	Connectivity differences between consciousness and unconsciousness in non-rapid eye movement sleep: a TMS–EEG study
title_full	Connectivity differences between consciousness and unconsciousness in non-rapid eye movement sleep: a TMS–EEG study
title_fullStr	Connectivity differences between consciousness and unconsciousness in non-rapid eye movement sleep: a TMS–EEG study
title_full_unstemmed	Connectivity differences between consciousness and unconsciousness in non-rapid eye movement sleep: a TMS–EEG study
title_sort	connectivity differences between consciousness and unconsciousness in non-rapid eye movement sleep: a tms–eeg study
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/8a58f089581f4410947ab6503c5453f2
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Connectivity differences between consciousness and unconsciousness in non-rapid eye movement sleep: a TMS–EEG study

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