Ancient DNA suggests dwarf and 'giant' emu are conspecific.

<h4>Background</h4>The King Island Emu (Dromaius ater) of Australia is one of several extinct emu taxa whose taxonomic relationship to the modern Emu (D. novaehollandiae) is unclear. King Island Emu were mainly distinguished by their much smaller size and a reported darker colour compare...

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Autores principales:	Tim H Heupink, Leon Huynen, David M Lambert
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8a593b0e28e2470ab8a6d2ae7f929b58
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8a593b0e28e2470ab8a6d2ae7f929b582021-11-18T06:55:58ZAncient DNA suggests dwarf and 'giant' emu are conspecific.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0018728https://doaj.org/article/8a593b0e28e2470ab8a6d2ae7f929b582011-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21494561/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>The King Island Emu (Dromaius ater) of Australia is one of several extinct emu taxa whose taxonomic relationship to the modern Emu (D. novaehollandiae) is unclear. King Island Emu were mainly distinguished by their much smaller size and a reported darker colour compared to modern Emu.<h4>Methodology and results</h4>We investigated the evolutionary relationships between the King Island and modern Emu by the recovery of both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences from sub-fossil remains. The complete mitochondrial control (1,094 bp) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) region (1,544 bp), as well as a region of the melanocortin 1 receptor gene (57 bp) were sequenced using a multiplex PCR approach. The results show that haplotypes for King Island Emu fall within the diversity of modern Emu.<h4>Conclusions</h4>These data show the close relationship of these emu when compared to other congeneric bird species and indicate that the King Island and modern Emu share a recent common ancestor. King Island emu possibly underwent insular dwarfism as a result of phenotypic plasticity. The close relationship between the King Island and the modern Emu suggests it is most appropriate that the former should be considered a subspecies of the latter. Although both taxa show a close genetic relationship they differ drastically in size. This study also suggests that rates of morphological and neutral molecular evolution are decoupled.Tim H HeupinkLeon HuynenDavid M LambertPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 4, p e18728 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Tim H Heupink Leon Huynen David M Lambert Ancient DNA suggests dwarf and 'giant' emu are conspecific.
description	<h4>Background</h4>The King Island Emu (Dromaius ater) of Australia is one of several extinct emu taxa whose taxonomic relationship to the modern Emu (D. novaehollandiae) is unclear. King Island Emu were mainly distinguished by their much smaller size and a reported darker colour compared to modern Emu.<h4>Methodology and results</h4>We investigated the evolutionary relationships between the King Island and modern Emu by the recovery of both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences from sub-fossil remains. The complete mitochondrial control (1,094 bp) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) region (1,544 bp), as well as a region of the melanocortin 1 receptor gene (57 bp) were sequenced using a multiplex PCR approach. The results show that haplotypes for King Island Emu fall within the diversity of modern Emu.<h4>Conclusions</h4>These data show the close relationship of these emu when compared to other congeneric bird species and indicate that the King Island and modern Emu share a recent common ancestor. King Island emu possibly underwent insular dwarfism as a result of phenotypic plasticity. The close relationship between the King Island and the modern Emu suggests it is most appropriate that the former should be considered a subspecies of the latter. Although both taxa show a close genetic relationship they differ drastically in size. This study also suggests that rates of morphological and neutral molecular evolution are decoupled.
format	article
author	Tim H Heupink Leon Huynen David M Lambert
author_facet	Tim H Heupink Leon Huynen David M Lambert
author_sort	Tim H Heupink
title	Ancient DNA suggests dwarf and 'giant' emu are conspecific.
title_short	Ancient DNA suggests dwarf and 'giant' emu are conspecific.
title_full	Ancient DNA suggests dwarf and 'giant' emu are conspecific.
title_fullStr	Ancient DNA suggests dwarf and 'giant' emu are conspecific.
title_full_unstemmed	Ancient DNA suggests dwarf and 'giant' emu are conspecific.
title_sort	ancient dna suggests dwarf and 'giant' emu are conspecific.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/8a593b0e28e2470ab8a6d2ae7f929b58
work_keys_str_mv	AT timhheupink ancientdnasuggestsdwarfandgiantemuareconspecific AT leonhuynen ancientdnasuggestsdwarfandgiantemuareconspecific AT davidmlambert ancientdnasuggestsdwarfandgiantemuareconspecific
_version_	1718424178371067904

Ancient DNA suggests dwarf and 'giant' emu are conspecific.

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