Relationship among state reopening policies, health outcomes and economic recovery through first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S.

State governments in the U.S. have been facing difficult decisions involving tradeoffs between economic and health-related outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite evidence of the effectiveness of government-mandated restrictions mitigating the spread of contagion, these orders are stigmatized...

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Autores principales:	Alexandre K Ligo, Emerson Mahoney, Jeffrey Cegan, Benjamin D Trump, Andrew S Jin, Maksim Kitsak, Jesse Keenan, Igor Linkov
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8a66451f238f45bbb9d4d93e860c098e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8a66451f238f45bbb9d4d93e860c098e2021-12-02T20:19:09ZRelationship among state reopening policies, health outcomes and economic recovery through first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0260015https://doaj.org/article/8a66451f238f45bbb9d4d93e860c098e2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0260015https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203State governments in the U.S. have been facing difficult decisions involving tradeoffs between economic and health-related outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite evidence of the effectiveness of government-mandated restrictions mitigating the spread of contagion, these orders are stigmatized due to undesirable economic consequences. This tradeoff resulted in state governments employing mandates at widely different ways. We compare the different policies states implemented during periods of restriction ("lockdown") and reopening with indicators of COVID-19 spread and consumer card spending at each state during the first "wave" of the pandemic in the U.S. between March and August 2020. We find that while some states enacted reopening decisions when the incidence rate of COVID-19 was minimal or sustained in its relative decline, other states relaxed socioeconomic restrictions near their highest incidence and prevalence rates experienced so far. Nevertheless, all states experienced similar trends in consumer card spending recovery, which was strongly correlated with reopening policies following the lockdowns and relatively independent from COVID-19 incidence rates at the time. Our findings suggest that consumer card spending patterns can be attributed to government mandates rather than COVID-19 incidence in the states. We estimate the recovery in states that reopened in late April was more than the recovery in states that did not reopen in the same period- 15% for consumer card spending and 18% for spending by high income households. This result highlights the important role of state policies in minimizing health impacts while promoting economic recovery and helps planning effective interventions in subsequent waves and immunization efforts.Alexandre K LigoEmerson MahoneyJeffrey CeganBenjamin D TrumpAndrew S JinMaksim KitsakJesse KeenanIgor LinkovPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 11, p e0260015 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Alexandre K Ligo Emerson Mahoney Jeffrey Cegan Benjamin D Trump Andrew S Jin Maksim Kitsak Jesse Keenan Igor Linkov Relationship among state reopening policies, health outcomes and economic recovery through first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S.
description	State governments in the U.S. have been facing difficult decisions involving tradeoffs between economic and health-related outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite evidence of the effectiveness of government-mandated restrictions mitigating the spread of contagion, these orders are stigmatized due to undesirable economic consequences. This tradeoff resulted in state governments employing mandates at widely different ways. We compare the different policies states implemented during periods of restriction ("lockdown") and reopening with indicators of COVID-19 spread and consumer card spending at each state during the first "wave" of the pandemic in the U.S. between March and August 2020. We find that while some states enacted reopening decisions when the incidence rate of COVID-19 was minimal or sustained in its relative decline, other states relaxed socioeconomic restrictions near their highest incidence and prevalence rates experienced so far. Nevertheless, all states experienced similar trends in consumer card spending recovery, which was strongly correlated with reopening policies following the lockdowns and relatively independent from COVID-19 incidence rates at the time. Our findings suggest that consumer card spending patterns can be attributed to government mandates rather than COVID-19 incidence in the states. We estimate the recovery in states that reopened in late April was more than the recovery in states that did not reopen in the same period- 15% for consumer card spending and 18% for spending by high income households. This result highlights the important role of state policies in minimizing health impacts while promoting economic recovery and helps planning effective interventions in subsequent waves and immunization efforts.
format	article
author	Alexandre K Ligo Emerson Mahoney Jeffrey Cegan Benjamin D Trump Andrew S Jin Maksim Kitsak Jesse Keenan Igor Linkov
author_facet	Alexandre K Ligo Emerson Mahoney Jeffrey Cegan Benjamin D Trump Andrew S Jin Maksim Kitsak Jesse Keenan Igor Linkov
author_sort	Alexandre K Ligo
title	Relationship among state reopening policies, health outcomes and economic recovery through first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S.
title_short	Relationship among state reopening policies, health outcomes and economic recovery through first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S.
title_full	Relationship among state reopening policies, health outcomes and economic recovery through first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S.
title_fullStr	Relationship among state reopening policies, health outcomes and economic recovery through first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S.
title_full_unstemmed	Relationship among state reopening policies, health outcomes and economic recovery through first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S.
title_sort	relationship among state reopening policies, health outcomes and economic recovery through first wave of the covid-19 pandemic in the u.s.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8a66451f238f45bbb9d4d93e860c098e
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Relationship among state reopening policies, health outcomes and economic recovery through first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S.

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