Impact of restriction of over-the-counter sales of antimicrobials on antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli from community-onset urinary tract infections in inner São Paulo State, Brazil.

<h4>Background</h4>Antimicrobial resistance in community-associated infections is an increasing worldwide concern. In low-to-middle income countries, over-the-counter (OTC) sales of antimicrobials without medical prescription have been blamed for increasing consumption and resistance. We...

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Autores principales:	Fernanda Saad Rodrigues, Helena Ribeiro Aiello Amat, Carlos Magno Castelo Branco Fortaleza
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8a6d0b98346f4d7a9f970c861e7a7739
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8a6d0b98346f4d7a9f970c861e7a77392021-12-02T20:07:40ZImpact of restriction of over-the-counter sales of antimicrobials on antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli from community-onset urinary tract infections in inner São Paulo State, Brazil.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0259632https://doaj.org/article/8a6d0b98346f4d7a9f970c861e7a77392021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259632https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Antimicrobial resistance in community-associated infections is an increasing worldwide concern. In low-to-middle income countries, over-the-counter (OTC) sales of antimicrobials without medical prescription have been blamed for increasing consumption and resistance. We studied the impact of restriction of OTC sales of antimicrobials in Brazil (instituted in October 2010) on resistance trends of Escherichia coli from community-onset urinary tract infections.<h4>Methods</h4>We analyzed monthly resistance trend of Escherichia coli from community-onset urinary tract infections from 2005 through 2018. The data were submitted to interrupted time series analysis in both linear and Poisson regression models.<h4>Results</h4>We found impact on cefazolin (p<0.001) and amikacin (p<0.001) resistance as immediate impact of the intervention, and no beneficial impact on resistance to ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone or sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim.<h4>Conclusion</h4>At the present study, we found that OTC sales restriction did not generally impact on antimicrobial resistance.Fernanda Saad RodriguesHelena Ribeiro Aiello AmatCarlos Magno Castelo Branco FortalezaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 11, p e0259632 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Fernanda Saad Rodrigues Helena Ribeiro Aiello Amat Carlos Magno Castelo Branco Fortaleza Impact of restriction of over-the-counter sales of antimicrobials on antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli from community-onset urinary tract infections in inner São Paulo State, Brazil.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Antimicrobial resistance in community-associated infections is an increasing worldwide concern. In low-to-middle income countries, over-the-counter (OTC) sales of antimicrobials without medical prescription have been blamed for increasing consumption and resistance. We studied the impact of restriction of OTC sales of antimicrobials in Brazil (instituted in October 2010) on resistance trends of Escherichia coli from community-onset urinary tract infections.<h4>Methods</h4>We analyzed monthly resistance trend of Escherichia coli from community-onset urinary tract infections from 2005 through 2018. The data were submitted to interrupted time series analysis in both linear and Poisson regression models.<h4>Results</h4>We found impact on cefazolin (p<0.001) and amikacin (p<0.001) resistance as immediate impact of the intervention, and no beneficial impact on resistance to ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone or sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim.<h4>Conclusion</h4>At the present study, we found that OTC sales restriction did not generally impact on antimicrobial resistance.
format	article
author	Fernanda Saad Rodrigues Helena Ribeiro Aiello Amat Carlos Magno Castelo Branco Fortaleza
author_facet	Fernanda Saad Rodrigues Helena Ribeiro Aiello Amat Carlos Magno Castelo Branco Fortaleza
author_sort	Fernanda Saad Rodrigues
title	Impact of restriction of over-the-counter sales of antimicrobials on antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli from community-onset urinary tract infections in inner São Paulo State, Brazil.
title_short	Impact of restriction of over-the-counter sales of antimicrobials on antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli from community-onset urinary tract infections in inner São Paulo State, Brazil.
title_full	Impact of restriction of over-the-counter sales of antimicrobials on antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli from community-onset urinary tract infections in inner São Paulo State, Brazil.
title_fullStr	Impact of restriction of over-the-counter sales of antimicrobials on antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli from community-onset urinary tract infections in inner São Paulo State, Brazil.
title_full_unstemmed	Impact of restriction of over-the-counter sales of antimicrobials on antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli from community-onset urinary tract infections in inner São Paulo State, Brazil.
title_sort	impact of restriction of over-the-counter sales of antimicrobials on antimicrobial resistance in escherichia coli from community-onset urinary tract infections in inner são paulo state, brazil.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8a6d0b98346f4d7a9f970c861e7a7739
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Impact of restriction of over-the-counter sales of antimicrobials on antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli from community-onset urinary tract infections in inner São Paulo State, Brazil.

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