Employment impacts of the San Francisco sugar-sweetened beverage tax 2 years after implementation.

<h4>Introduction</h4>Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes have been implemented worldwide to raise revenue and reduce consumption of SSBs, which is associated with health harms. Empirical evaluations have found that these taxes are successful at reducing demand for SSBs; however, SSB tax...

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Autores principales:	Samantha Marinello, Julien Leider, Lisa M Powell
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8a9fd8add3514208868ca41eee76e4da
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8a9fd8add3514208868ca41eee76e4da2021-12-02T20:05:24ZEmployment impacts of the San Francisco sugar-sweetened beverage tax 2 years after implementation.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0252094https://doaj.org/article/8a9fd8add3514208868ca41eee76e4da2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252094https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Introduction</h4>Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes have been implemented worldwide to raise revenue and reduce consumption of SSBs, which is associated with health harms. Empirical evaluations have found that these taxes are successful at reducing demand for SSBs; however, SSB taxes face opposition, in part because of claims that they will lead to substantial job losses. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of the San Francisco SSB tax, implemented on January 1st, 2018, on employment.<h4>Methods</h4>Monthly employment counts were obtained from the Bureau of Labor Statistics from January 2013 (5-years pre-tax) through December 2019 (2-years post-tax) for the overall economy, private sector, supermarkets and other grocery stores, convenience stores, limited-service restaurants, and beverage manufacturing. A synthetic control analysis was conducted for each employment outcome. The synthetic controls (i.e., estimated counterfactuals) were generated from a pool of urban control counties using pre-tax labor market-related characteristics.<h4>Results</h4>The synthetic controls had similar labor market-related characteristics and employment outcomes to those in San Francisco in the pre-tax period. Up to 2 years post-tax, differences in employment between San Francisco and the synthetic controls were small and not "statistically significant" based on placebo tests for all employment outcomes.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Up to two years post-tax, we do not find evidence that the San Francisco SSB tax negatively impacted net employment, employment in the private sector, or employment in specific SSB-related industries.Samantha MarinelloJulien LeiderLisa M PowellPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 6, p e0252094 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Samantha Marinello Julien Leider Lisa M Powell Employment impacts of the San Francisco sugar-sweetened beverage tax 2 years after implementation.
description	<h4>Introduction</h4>Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes have been implemented worldwide to raise revenue and reduce consumption of SSBs, which is associated with health harms. Empirical evaluations have found that these taxes are successful at reducing demand for SSBs; however, SSB taxes face opposition, in part because of claims that they will lead to substantial job losses. The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of the San Francisco SSB tax, implemented on January 1st, 2018, on employment.<h4>Methods</h4>Monthly employment counts were obtained from the Bureau of Labor Statistics from January 2013 (5-years pre-tax) through December 2019 (2-years post-tax) for the overall economy, private sector, supermarkets and other grocery stores, convenience stores, limited-service restaurants, and beverage manufacturing. A synthetic control analysis was conducted for each employment outcome. The synthetic controls (i.e., estimated counterfactuals) were generated from a pool of urban control counties using pre-tax labor market-related characteristics.<h4>Results</h4>The synthetic controls had similar labor market-related characteristics and employment outcomes to those in San Francisco in the pre-tax period. Up to 2 years post-tax, differences in employment between San Francisco and the synthetic controls were small and not "statistically significant" based on placebo tests for all employment outcomes.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Up to two years post-tax, we do not find evidence that the San Francisco SSB tax negatively impacted net employment, employment in the private sector, or employment in specific SSB-related industries.
format	article
author	Samantha Marinello Julien Leider Lisa M Powell
author_facet	Samantha Marinello Julien Leider Lisa M Powell
author_sort	Samantha Marinello
title	Employment impacts of the San Francisco sugar-sweetened beverage tax 2 years after implementation.
title_short	Employment impacts of the San Francisco sugar-sweetened beverage tax 2 years after implementation.
title_full	Employment impacts of the San Francisco sugar-sweetened beverage tax 2 years after implementation.
title_fullStr	Employment impacts of the San Francisco sugar-sweetened beverage tax 2 years after implementation.
title_full_unstemmed	Employment impacts of the San Francisco sugar-sweetened beverage tax 2 years after implementation.
title_sort	employment impacts of the san francisco sugar-sweetened beverage tax 2 years after implementation.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8a9fd8add3514208868ca41eee76e4da
work_keys_str_mv	AT samanthamarinello employmentimpactsofthesanfranciscosugarsweetenedbeveragetax2yearsafterimplementation AT julienleider employmentimpactsofthesanfranciscosugarsweetenedbeveragetax2yearsafterimplementation AT lisampowell employmentimpactsofthesanfranciscosugarsweetenedbeveragetax2yearsafterimplementation
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Employment impacts of the San Francisco sugar-sweetened beverage tax 2 years after implementation.

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