Comprehensive device simulation of 23.36% efficient two-terminal perovskite-PbS CQD tandem solar cell for low-cost applications

Abstract The major losses that limit the efficiency of a single-junction solar cell are thermalization loss and transmission loss. Thus, to efficiently utilize the full solar spectrum and to mitigate these losses, tandem solar cells (TSC) have significantly impacted the photovoltaic (PV) landscape....

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Autores principales:	Jaya Madan, Karanveer Singh, Rahul Pandey
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8ab2d8ceffa74e2fb0b3abb6d07a19d2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8ab2d8ceffa74e2fb0b3abb6d07a19d22021-12-02T19:16:14ZComprehensive device simulation of 23.36% efficient two-terminal perovskite-PbS CQD tandem solar cell for low-cost applications10.1038/s41598-021-99098-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/8ab2d8ceffa74e2fb0b3abb6d07a19d22021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-99098-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The major losses that limit the efficiency of a single-junction solar cell are thermalization loss and transmission loss. Thus, to efficiently utilize the full solar spectrum and to mitigate these losses, tandem solar cells (TSC) have significantly impacted the photovoltaic (PV) landscape. In this context, the research on perovskite/silicon tandems is currently dominating the research community. The stability improvements of perovskite materials and mature fabrication techniques of silicon have underpinned the rapid progress of perovskite/silicon TSC. However, the low absorption coefficient and high module cost of the silicon are the tailbacks for the mass production of perovskite/silicon TSCs. Therefore, PV technology demands to explore some new materials other than Si to be used as absorber layer in the bottom cell. Thus, here in this work, to mitigate the aforementioned losses and to reduce cost, a 23.36% efficient two-terminal perovskite-PbS CQD monolithic tandem solar cell has been designed through comprehensive device simulations. Before analyzing the performance of the proposed TSC, the performance of perovskite top cells has been optimized in terms of variation in optical properties, thickness, and interface defect density under standalone conditions. Thereafter, filtered spectrum and associated integrated filtered power by the top cell at different perovskite thickness from 50 to 500 nm is obtained to conceive the presence of the top cell above the bottom cell with different perovskite thickness. The current matching by concurrently varying the thickness of both the top and bottom subcell has also been done to obtain the maximum deliverable tandem JSC for the device under consideration. The top/bottom subcell with current matched JSC of 16.68 mA cm−2/16.62 mA cm−2 showed the conversion efficiency of 14.60%/9.07% under tandem configuration with an optimized thickness of 143 nm/470 nm, where the top cell is simulated under AM1.5G spectrum, and bottom cell is exposed to the spectrum filtered by 143 nm thick top cell. Further, the voltages at equal current points are added together to generate tandem J–V characteristics. This work concludes a 23.36% efficient perovskite-PbS CQD tandem design with 1.79 V (VOC), 16.67 mA cm−2 (JSC) and 78.3% (FF). The perovskite-PbS CQD tandem device proposed in this work may pave the way for the development of high-efficiency tandem solar cells for low-cost applications.Jaya MadanKaranveer SinghRahul PandeyNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jaya Madan Karanveer Singh Rahul Pandey Comprehensive device simulation of 23.36% efficient two-terminal perovskite-PbS CQD tandem solar cell for low-cost applications
description	Abstract The major losses that limit the efficiency of a single-junction solar cell are thermalization loss and transmission loss. Thus, to efficiently utilize the full solar spectrum and to mitigate these losses, tandem solar cells (TSC) have significantly impacted the photovoltaic (PV) landscape. In this context, the research on perovskite/silicon tandems is currently dominating the research community. The stability improvements of perovskite materials and mature fabrication techniques of silicon have underpinned the rapid progress of perovskite/silicon TSC. However, the low absorption coefficient and high module cost of the silicon are the tailbacks for the mass production of perovskite/silicon TSCs. Therefore, PV technology demands to explore some new materials other than Si to be used as absorber layer in the bottom cell. Thus, here in this work, to mitigate the aforementioned losses and to reduce cost, a 23.36% efficient two-terminal perovskite-PbS CQD monolithic tandem solar cell has been designed through comprehensive device simulations. Before analyzing the performance of the proposed TSC, the performance of perovskite top cells has been optimized in terms of variation in optical properties, thickness, and interface defect density under standalone conditions. Thereafter, filtered spectrum and associated integrated filtered power by the top cell at different perovskite thickness from 50 to 500 nm is obtained to conceive the presence of the top cell above the bottom cell with different perovskite thickness. The current matching by concurrently varying the thickness of both the top and bottom subcell has also been done to obtain the maximum deliverable tandem JSC for the device under consideration. The top/bottom subcell with current matched JSC of 16.68 mA cm−2/16.62 mA cm−2 showed the conversion efficiency of 14.60%/9.07% under tandem configuration with an optimized thickness of 143 nm/470 nm, where the top cell is simulated under AM1.5G spectrum, and bottom cell is exposed to the spectrum filtered by 143 nm thick top cell. Further, the voltages at equal current points are added together to generate tandem J–V characteristics. This work concludes a 23.36% efficient perovskite-PbS CQD tandem design with 1.79 V (VOC), 16.67 mA cm−2 (JSC) and 78.3% (FF). The perovskite-PbS CQD tandem device proposed in this work may pave the way for the development of high-efficiency tandem solar cells for low-cost applications.
format	article
author	Jaya Madan Karanveer Singh Rahul Pandey
author_facet	Jaya Madan Karanveer Singh Rahul Pandey
author_sort	Jaya Madan
title	Comprehensive device simulation of 23.36% efficient two-terminal perovskite-PbS CQD tandem solar cell for low-cost applications
title_short	Comprehensive device simulation of 23.36% efficient two-terminal perovskite-PbS CQD tandem solar cell for low-cost applications
title_full	Comprehensive device simulation of 23.36% efficient two-terminal perovskite-PbS CQD tandem solar cell for low-cost applications
title_fullStr	Comprehensive device simulation of 23.36% efficient two-terminal perovskite-PbS CQD tandem solar cell for low-cost applications
title_full_unstemmed	Comprehensive device simulation of 23.36% efficient two-terminal perovskite-PbS CQD tandem solar cell for low-cost applications
title_sort	comprehensive device simulation of 23.36% efficient two-terminal perovskite-pbs cqd tandem solar cell for low-cost applications
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8ab2d8ceffa74e2fb0b3abb6d07a19d2
work_keys_str_mv	AT jayamadan comprehensivedevicesimulationof2336efficienttwoterminalperovskitepbscqdtandemsolarcellforlowcostapplications AT karanveersingh comprehensivedevicesimulationof2336efficienttwoterminalperovskitepbscqdtandemsolarcellforlowcostapplications AT rahulpandey comprehensivedevicesimulationof2336efficienttwoterminalperovskitepbscqdtandemsolarcellforlowcostapplications
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Comprehensive device simulation of 23.36% efficient two-terminal perovskite-PbS CQD tandem solar cell for low-cost applications

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