Anaerobic Degradation of Non-Methane Alkanes by “<italic toggle="yes">Candidatus</italic> Methanoliparia” in Hydrocarbon Seeps of the Gulf of Mexico

ABSTRACT Crude oil and gases in the seabed provide an important energy source for subsurface microorganisms. We investigated the role of archaea in the anaerobic degradation of non-methane alkanes in deep-sea oil seeps from the Gulf of Mexico. We identified microscopically the ethane and short-chain...

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Autores principales:	Rafael Laso-Pérez, Cedric Hahn, Daan M. van Vliet, Halina E. Tegetmeyer, Florence Schubotz, Nadine T. Smit, Thomas Pape, Heiko Sahling, Gerhard Bohrmann, Antje Boetius, Katrin Knittel, Gunter Wegener
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2019
Materias:	alkane degradation archaea methanogenesis methyl-coenzyme M reductase oil seeps Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8b0d773c6df54246a368a49c0a4ca8a2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8b0d773c6df54246a368a49c0a4ca8a22021-11-15T16:22:09ZAnaerobic Degradation of Non-Methane Alkanes by “<italic toggle="yes">Candidatus</italic> Methanoliparia” in Hydrocarbon Seeps of the Gulf of Mexico10.1128/mBio.01814-192150-7511https://doaj.org/article/8b0d773c6df54246a368a49c0a4ca8a22019-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.01814-19https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT Crude oil and gases in the seabed provide an important energy source for subsurface microorganisms. We investigated the role of archaea in the anaerobic degradation of non-methane alkanes in deep-sea oil seeps from the Gulf of Mexico. We identified microscopically the ethane and short-chain alkane oxidizers “Candidatus Argoarchaeum” and “Candidatus Syntrophoarchaeum” forming consortia with bacteria. Moreover, we found that the sediments contain large numbers of cells from the archaeal clade “Candidatus Methanoliparia,” which was previously proposed to perform methanogenic alkane degradation. “Ca. Methanoliparia” occurred abundantly as single cells attached to oil droplets in sediments without apparent bacterial or archaeal partners. Metagenome-assembled genomes of “Ca. Methanoliparia” encode a complete methanogenesis pathway including a canonical methyl-coenzyme M reductase (MCR) but also a highly divergent MCR related to those of alkane-degrading archaea and pathways for the oxidation of long-chain alkyl units. Its metabolic genomic potential and its global detection in hydrocarbon reservoirs suggest that “Ca. Methanoliparia” is an important methanogenic alkane degrader in subsurface environments, producing methane by alkane disproportionation as a single organism. IMPORTANCE Oil-rich sediments from the Gulf of Mexico were found to contain diverse alkane-degrading groups of archaea. The symbiotic, consortium-forming “Candidatus Argoarchaeum” and “Candidatus Syntrophoarchaeum” are likely responsible for the degradation of ethane and short-chain alkanes, with the help of sulfate-reducing bacteria. “Ca. Methanoliparia” occurs as single cells associated with oil droplets. These archaea encode two phylogenetically different methyl-coenzyme M reductases that may allow this organism to thrive as a methanogen on a substrate of long-chain alkanes. Based on a library survey, we show that “Ca. Methanoliparia” is frequently detected in oil reservoirs and may be a key agent in the transformation of long-chain alkanes to methane. Our findings provide evidence for the important and diverse roles of archaea in alkane-rich marine habitats and support the notion of a significant functional versatility of the methyl coenzyme M reductase.Rafael Laso-PérezCedric HahnDaan M. van VlietHalina E. TegetmeyerFlorence SchubotzNadine T. SmitThomas PapeHeiko SahlingGerhard BohrmannAntje BoetiusKatrin KnittelGunter WegenerAmerican Society for Microbiologyarticlealkane degradationarchaeamethanogenesismethyl-coenzyme M reductaseoil seepsMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 10, Iss 4 (2019)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	alkane degradation archaea methanogenesis methyl-coenzyme M reductase oil seeps Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	alkane degradation archaea methanogenesis methyl-coenzyme M reductase oil seeps Microbiology QR1-502 Rafael Laso-Pérez Cedric Hahn Daan M. van Vliet Halina E. Tegetmeyer Florence Schubotz Nadine T. Smit Thomas Pape Heiko Sahling Gerhard Bohrmann Antje Boetius Katrin Knittel Gunter Wegener Anaerobic Degradation of Non-Methane Alkanes by “<italic toggle="yes">Candidatus</italic> Methanoliparia” in Hydrocarbon Seeps of the Gulf of Mexico
description	ABSTRACT Crude oil and gases in the seabed provide an important energy source for subsurface microorganisms. We investigated the role of archaea in the anaerobic degradation of non-methane alkanes in deep-sea oil seeps from the Gulf of Mexico. We identified microscopically the ethane and short-chain alkane oxidizers “Candidatus Argoarchaeum” and “Candidatus Syntrophoarchaeum” forming consortia with bacteria. Moreover, we found that the sediments contain large numbers of cells from the archaeal clade “Candidatus Methanoliparia,” which was previously proposed to perform methanogenic alkane degradation. “Ca. Methanoliparia” occurred abundantly as single cells attached to oil droplets in sediments without apparent bacterial or archaeal partners. Metagenome-assembled genomes of “Ca. Methanoliparia” encode a complete methanogenesis pathway including a canonical methyl-coenzyme M reductase (MCR) but also a highly divergent MCR related to those of alkane-degrading archaea and pathways for the oxidation of long-chain alkyl units. Its metabolic genomic potential and its global detection in hydrocarbon reservoirs suggest that “Ca. Methanoliparia” is an important methanogenic alkane degrader in subsurface environments, producing methane by alkane disproportionation as a single organism. IMPORTANCE Oil-rich sediments from the Gulf of Mexico were found to contain diverse alkane-degrading groups of archaea. The symbiotic, consortium-forming “Candidatus Argoarchaeum” and “Candidatus Syntrophoarchaeum” are likely responsible for the degradation of ethane and short-chain alkanes, with the help of sulfate-reducing bacteria. “Ca. Methanoliparia” occurs as single cells associated with oil droplets. These archaea encode two phylogenetically different methyl-coenzyme M reductases that may allow this organism to thrive as a methanogen on a substrate of long-chain alkanes. Based on a library survey, we show that “Ca. Methanoliparia” is frequently detected in oil reservoirs and may be a key agent in the transformation of long-chain alkanes to methane. Our findings provide evidence for the important and diverse roles of archaea in alkane-rich marine habitats and support the notion of a significant functional versatility of the methyl coenzyme M reductase.
format	article
author	Rafael Laso-Pérez Cedric Hahn Daan M. van Vliet Halina E. Tegetmeyer Florence Schubotz Nadine T. Smit Thomas Pape Heiko Sahling Gerhard Bohrmann Antje Boetius Katrin Knittel Gunter Wegener
author_facet	Rafael Laso-Pérez Cedric Hahn Daan M. van Vliet Halina E. Tegetmeyer Florence Schubotz Nadine T. Smit Thomas Pape Heiko Sahling Gerhard Bohrmann Antje Boetius Katrin Knittel Gunter Wegener
author_sort	Rafael Laso-Pérez
title	Anaerobic Degradation of Non-Methane Alkanes by “<italic toggle="yes">Candidatus</italic> Methanoliparia” in Hydrocarbon Seeps of the Gulf of Mexico
title_short	Anaerobic Degradation of Non-Methane Alkanes by “<italic toggle="yes">Candidatus</italic> Methanoliparia” in Hydrocarbon Seeps of the Gulf of Mexico
title_full	Anaerobic Degradation of Non-Methane Alkanes by “<italic toggle="yes">Candidatus</italic> Methanoliparia” in Hydrocarbon Seeps of the Gulf of Mexico
title_fullStr	Anaerobic Degradation of Non-Methane Alkanes by “<italic toggle="yes">Candidatus</italic> Methanoliparia” in Hydrocarbon Seeps of the Gulf of Mexico
title_full_unstemmed	Anaerobic Degradation of Non-Methane Alkanes by “<italic toggle="yes">Candidatus</italic> Methanoliparia” in Hydrocarbon Seeps of the Gulf of Mexico
title_sort	anaerobic degradation of non-methane alkanes by “<italic toggle="yes">candidatus</italic> methanoliparia” in hydrocarbon seeps of the gulf of mexico
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2019
url	https://doaj.org/article/8b0d773c6df54246a368a49c0a4ca8a2
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Anaerobic Degradation of Non-Methane Alkanes by “<italic toggle="yes">Candidatus</italic> Methanoliparia” in Hydrocarbon Seeps of the Gulf of Mexico

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