Agritourism and Kidding Season: A Large Outbreak of Human Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157 (STEC O157) Infections Linked to a Goat Dairy Farm—Connecticut, 2016

The objective of this study was to determine sources of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 (STEC O157) infection among visitors to Farm X and develop public health recommendations. A case-control study was conducted. Case-patients were defined as the first ill child (aged <18 years)...

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Autores principales:	Megin C. Nichols, Paul Gacek, Quyen Phan, Kelly J. Gambino-Shirley, Lauren M. Gollarza, Morgan N. Schroeder, Alexandra Mercante, Jocelyn Mullins, Anna Blackstock, Mark E. Laughlin, Samantha M. Olson, Eugene Pizzo, Tu Ngoc Nguyen, Laurn Mank, Kimberly Holmes-Talbot, Alycia McNutt, Diane Noel, Anthony Muyombwe, Jafar H. Razeq, Mary Jane Lis, Bruce Sherman, Wayne Kasacek, Laura Whitlock, Nancy Strockbine, Haley Martin, Eshaw Vidyaprakash, Patrick McCormack, Matthew Cartter
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	E. coli–Escherichia coli goat outbreak agritourism diarrhea Shiga toxin (Stx) producing Escherichia coli (STEC) Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8b221d0ea48e475c89ec76d27a3c7e51
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8b221d0ea48e475c89ec76d27a3c7e512021-11-16T06:28:24ZAgritourism and Kidding Season: A Large Outbreak of Human Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157 (STEC O157) Infections Linked to a Goat Dairy Farm—Connecticut, 20162297-176910.3389/fvets.2021.744055https://doaj.org/article/8b221d0ea48e475c89ec76d27a3c7e512021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.744055/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2297-1769The objective of this study was to determine sources of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 (STEC O157) infection among visitors to Farm X and develop public health recommendations. A case-control study was conducted. Case-patients were defined as the first ill child (aged <18 years) in the household with laboratory-confirmed STEC O157, or physician-diagnosed hemolytic uremic syndrome with laboratory confirmation by serology, who visited Farm X in the 10 days prior to illness. Controls were selected from Farm X visitors aged <18 years, without symptoms during the same time period as case-patients. Environment and animal fecal samples collected from Farm X were cultured; isolates from Farm X were compared with patient isolates using whole genome sequencing (WGS). Case-patients were more likely than controls to have sat on hay bales at the doe barn (adjusted odds ratio: 4.55; 95% confidence interval: 1.41–16.13). No handwashing stations were available; limited hand sanitizer was provided. Overall, 37% (29 of 78) of animal and environmental samples collected were positive for STEC; of these, 62% (18 of 29) yielded STEC O157 highly related by WGS to patient isolates. STEC O157 environmental contamination and fecal shedding by goats at Farm X was extensive. Farms should provide handwashing stations with soap, running water, and disposable towels. Access to animal areas, including animal pens and enclosures, should be limited for young children who are at risk for severe outcomes from STEC O157 infection. National recommendations should be adopted to reduce disease transmission.Megin C. NicholsPaul GacekQuyen PhanKelly J. Gambino-ShirleyLauren M. GollarzaLauren M. GollarzaMorgan N. SchroederAlexandra MercanteJocelyn MullinsAnna BlackstockMark E. LaughlinSamantha M. OlsonEugene PizzoTu Ngoc NguyenLaurn MankKimberly Holmes-TalbotAlycia McNuttDiane NoelAnthony MuyombweJafar H. RazeqMary Jane LisBruce ShermanWayne KasacekLaura WhitlockNancy StrockbineHaley MartinEshaw VidyaprakashPatrick McCormackMatthew CartterFrontiers Media S.A.articleE. coli–Escherichia coligoatoutbreakagritourismdiarrheaShiga toxin (Stx) producing Escherichia coli (STEC)Veterinary medicineSF600-1100ENFrontiers in Veterinary Science, Vol 8 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	E. coli–Escherichia coli goat outbreak agritourism diarrhea Shiga toxin (Stx) producing Escherichia coli (STEC) Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
spellingShingle	E. coli–Escherichia coli goat outbreak agritourism diarrhea Shiga toxin (Stx) producing Escherichia coli (STEC) Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Megin C. Nichols Paul Gacek Quyen Phan Kelly J. Gambino-Shirley Lauren M. Gollarza Lauren M. Gollarza Morgan N. Schroeder Alexandra Mercante Jocelyn Mullins Anna Blackstock Mark E. Laughlin Samantha M. Olson Eugene Pizzo Tu Ngoc Nguyen Laurn Mank Kimberly Holmes-Talbot Alycia McNutt Diane Noel Anthony Muyombwe Jafar H. Razeq Mary Jane Lis Bruce Sherman Wayne Kasacek Laura Whitlock Nancy Strockbine Haley Martin Eshaw Vidyaprakash Patrick McCormack Matthew Cartter Agritourism and Kidding Season: A Large Outbreak of Human Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157 (STEC O157) Infections Linked to a Goat Dairy Farm—Connecticut, 2016
description	The objective of this study was to determine sources of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 (STEC O157) infection among visitors to Farm X and develop public health recommendations. A case-control study was conducted. Case-patients were defined as the first ill child (aged <18 years) in the household with laboratory-confirmed STEC O157, or physician-diagnosed hemolytic uremic syndrome with laboratory confirmation by serology, who visited Farm X in the 10 days prior to illness. Controls were selected from Farm X visitors aged <18 years, without symptoms during the same time period as case-patients. Environment and animal fecal samples collected from Farm X were cultured; isolates from Farm X were compared with patient isolates using whole genome sequencing (WGS). Case-patients were more likely than controls to have sat on hay bales at the doe barn (adjusted odds ratio: 4.55; 95% confidence interval: 1.41–16.13). No handwashing stations were available; limited hand sanitizer was provided. Overall, 37% (29 of 78) of animal and environmental samples collected were positive for STEC; of these, 62% (18 of 29) yielded STEC O157 highly related by WGS to patient isolates. STEC O157 environmental contamination and fecal shedding by goats at Farm X was extensive. Farms should provide handwashing stations with soap, running water, and disposable towels. Access to animal areas, including animal pens and enclosures, should be limited for young children who are at risk for severe outcomes from STEC O157 infection. National recommendations should be adopted to reduce disease transmission.
format	article
author	Megin C. Nichols Paul Gacek Quyen Phan Kelly J. Gambino-Shirley Lauren M. Gollarza Lauren M. Gollarza Morgan N. Schroeder Alexandra Mercante Jocelyn Mullins Anna Blackstock Mark E. Laughlin Samantha M. Olson Eugene Pizzo Tu Ngoc Nguyen Laurn Mank Kimberly Holmes-Talbot Alycia McNutt Diane Noel Anthony Muyombwe Jafar H. Razeq Mary Jane Lis Bruce Sherman Wayne Kasacek Laura Whitlock Nancy Strockbine Haley Martin Eshaw Vidyaprakash Patrick McCormack Matthew Cartter
author_facet	Megin C. Nichols Paul Gacek Quyen Phan Kelly J. Gambino-Shirley Lauren M. Gollarza Lauren M. Gollarza Morgan N. Schroeder Alexandra Mercante Jocelyn Mullins Anna Blackstock Mark E. Laughlin Samantha M. Olson Eugene Pizzo Tu Ngoc Nguyen Laurn Mank Kimberly Holmes-Talbot Alycia McNutt Diane Noel Anthony Muyombwe Jafar H. Razeq Mary Jane Lis Bruce Sherman Wayne Kasacek Laura Whitlock Nancy Strockbine Haley Martin Eshaw Vidyaprakash Patrick McCormack Matthew Cartter
author_sort	Megin C. Nichols
title	Agritourism and Kidding Season: A Large Outbreak of Human Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157 (STEC O157) Infections Linked to a Goat Dairy Farm—Connecticut, 2016
title_short	Agritourism and Kidding Season: A Large Outbreak of Human Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157 (STEC O157) Infections Linked to a Goat Dairy Farm—Connecticut, 2016
title_full	Agritourism and Kidding Season: A Large Outbreak of Human Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157 (STEC O157) Infections Linked to a Goat Dairy Farm—Connecticut, 2016
title_fullStr	Agritourism and Kidding Season: A Large Outbreak of Human Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157 (STEC O157) Infections Linked to a Goat Dairy Farm—Connecticut, 2016
title_full_unstemmed	Agritourism and Kidding Season: A Large Outbreak of Human Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157 (STEC O157) Infections Linked to a Goat Dairy Farm—Connecticut, 2016
title_sort	agritourism and kidding season: a large outbreak of human shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli o157 (stec o157) infections linked to a goat dairy farm—connecticut, 2016
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8b221d0ea48e475c89ec76d27a3c7e51
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Agritourism and Kidding Season: A Large Outbreak of Human Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157 (STEC O157) Infections Linked to a Goat Dairy Farm—Connecticut, 2016

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