Ethanol suppression of peripheral blood mononuclear cell trafficking across brain endothelial cells in immunodeficiency virus infection

Lola C Hudson1, Brenda A Colby1, Rick B Meeker21Department of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; 2Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USAAbstract: Earlier stu...

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Autores principales:	Lola C Hudson, Brenda A Colby, Rick B Meeker
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2010
Materias:	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8b2d437de26049158c9d8631ed9e89fb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8b2d437de26049158c9d8631ed9e89fb2021-12-02T03:33:10ZEthanol suppression of peripheral blood mononuclear cell trafficking across brain endothelial cells in immunodeficiency virus infection1179-1373https://doaj.org/article/8b2d437de26049158c9d8631ed9e89fb2010-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/ethanol-suppression-of-peripheral-blood-mononuclear-cell-trafficking-a-a3932https://doaj.org/toc/1179-1373Lola C Hudson1, Brenda A Colby1, Rick B Meeker21Department of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; 2Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USAAbstract: Earlier studies suggested that the combination of alcohol use and immunodeficiency virus infection resulted in more severe neurologic disease than either condition individually. These deleterious interactions could be due to increased immune cell and virus trafficking or may result from interactions between ethanol and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated toxicity within the brain. To determine the extent to which increased trafficking played a role, we examined the effect of ethanol on the migration of different peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMCs) subsets across a brain endothelial cell monolayer. We utilized combinations of feline brain endothelial cells with astrocytes, and/or microglia with either acute exposure to 0.08 g/dL ethanol, a combination of ethanol and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), or FIV alone. Adherence of PBMCs to endothelium was increased in all combinations of cells with the addition of ethanol. Despite increased PBMC adhesion with ethanol treatment, transmigration of B cells, monocytes, CD4 T cells and CD8 T cells was not increased and was actually decreased in the presence of astrocytes. Expression of three common adhesion molecules, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1), ICAM2, and vascular cell adhesion molecule, was unchanged or slightly decreased by ethanol. This indicated that although adherence is increased by ethanol it is not due to an increased expression of adhesion molecules. RANTES, MIP1&alpha;, MIP1&beta;, and MCP-1 mRNA expression was also studied in brain endothelial cells, astrocytes and microglia by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Ethanol treatment of astrocytes resulted in modest changes of message while FIV caused 7&ndash;92-fold increases. The combination of ethanol and FIV reversed the large increase in RANTES and MIP1&alpha; message in astrocytes but increased MIP1&beta; and MCP to 20&ndash;38-fold over control cells. Thus, modest concentrations of alcohol do not directly influence immune cell trafficking at the endothelium but may exert more complex effects on chemokine expression from astrocytes when combined with FIV.Keywords: HIV, PBMC, adhesion molecule, chemokine Lola C HudsonBrenda A ColbyRick B MeekerDove Medical PressarticleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENHIV/AIDS: Research and Palliative Care, Vol 2010, Iss default, Pp 7-18 (2010)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Lola C Hudson Brenda A Colby Rick B Meeker Ethanol suppression of peripheral blood mononuclear cell trafficking across brain endothelial cells in immunodeficiency virus infection
description	Lola C Hudson1, Brenda A Colby1, Rick B Meeker21Department of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA; 2Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USAAbstract: Earlier studies suggested that the combination of alcohol use and immunodeficiency virus infection resulted in more severe neurologic disease than either condition individually. These deleterious interactions could be due to increased immune cell and virus trafficking or may result from interactions between ethanol and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated toxicity within the brain. To determine the extent to which increased trafficking played a role, we examined the effect of ethanol on the migration of different peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMCs) subsets across a brain endothelial cell monolayer. We utilized combinations of feline brain endothelial cells with astrocytes, and/or microglia with either acute exposure to 0.08 g/dL ethanol, a combination of ethanol and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), or FIV alone. Adherence of PBMCs to endothelium was increased in all combinations of cells with the addition of ethanol. Despite increased PBMC adhesion with ethanol treatment, transmigration of B cells, monocytes, CD4 T cells and CD8 T cells was not increased and was actually decreased in the presence of astrocytes. Expression of three common adhesion molecules, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM1), ICAM2, and vascular cell adhesion molecule, was unchanged or slightly decreased by ethanol. This indicated that although adherence is increased by ethanol it is not due to an increased expression of adhesion molecules. RANTES, MIP1&alpha;, MIP1&beta;, and MCP-1 mRNA expression was also studied in brain endothelial cells, astrocytes and microglia by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Ethanol treatment of astrocytes resulted in modest changes of message while FIV caused 7&ndash;92-fold increases. The combination of ethanol and FIV reversed the large increase in RANTES and MIP1&alpha; message in astrocytes but increased MIP1&beta; and MCP to 20&ndash;38-fold over control cells. Thus, modest concentrations of alcohol do not directly influence immune cell trafficking at the endothelium but may exert more complex effects on chemokine expression from astrocytes when combined with FIV.Keywords: HIV, PBMC, adhesion molecule, chemokine
format	article
author	Lola C Hudson Brenda A Colby Rick B Meeker
author_facet	Lola C Hudson Brenda A Colby Rick B Meeker
author_sort	Lola C Hudson
title	Ethanol suppression of peripheral blood mononuclear cell trafficking across brain endothelial cells in immunodeficiency virus infection
title_short	Ethanol suppression of peripheral blood mononuclear cell trafficking across brain endothelial cells in immunodeficiency virus infection
title_full	Ethanol suppression of peripheral blood mononuclear cell trafficking across brain endothelial cells in immunodeficiency virus infection
title_fullStr	Ethanol suppression of peripheral blood mononuclear cell trafficking across brain endothelial cells in immunodeficiency virus infection
title_full_unstemmed	Ethanol suppression of peripheral blood mononuclear cell trafficking across brain endothelial cells in immunodeficiency virus infection
title_sort	ethanol suppression of peripheral blood mononuclear cell trafficking across brain endothelial cells in immunodeficiency virus infection
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2010
url	https://doaj.org/article/8b2d437de26049158c9d8631ed9e89fb
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Ethanol suppression of peripheral blood mononuclear cell trafficking across brain endothelial cells in immunodeficiency virus infection

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