Advances in Rootstock Breeding of Nut Trees: Objectives and Strategies

The production and consumption of nuts are increasing in the world due to strong economic returns and the nutritional value of their products. With the increasing role and importance given to nuts (i.e., walnuts, hazelnut, pistachio, pecan, almond) in a balanced and healthy diet and their benefits t...

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Autores principales:	Kourosh Vahdati, Saadat Sarikhani, Mohammad Mehdi Arab, Charles A. Leslie, Abhaya M. Dandekar, Neus Aletà, Beatriz Bielsa, Thomas M. Gradziel, Álvaro Montesinos, María José Rubio-Cabetas, Gina M. Sideli, Ümit Serdar, Burak Akyüz, Gabriele Loris Beccaro, Dario Donno, Mercè Rovira, Louise Ferguson, Mohammad Akbari, Abdollatif Sheikhi, Adriana F. Sestras, Salih Kafkas, Aibibula Paizila, Mahmoud Reza Roozban, Amandeep Kaur, Srijana Panta, Lu Zhang, Radu E. Sestras, Shawn A. Mehlenbacher
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	almond Persian walnut pistachio hazelnut pecan chestnut Botany QK1-989
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8b4f93151cb34c11810932208f95b6b6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8b4f93151cb34c11810932208f95b6b62021-11-25T18:44:01ZAdvances in Rootstock Breeding of Nut Trees: Objectives and Strategies10.3390/plants101122342223-7747https://doaj.org/article/8b4f93151cb34c11810932208f95b6b62021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/11/2234https://doaj.org/toc/2223-7747The production and consumption of nuts are increasing in the world due to strong economic returns and the nutritional value of their products. With the increasing role and importance given to nuts (i.e., walnuts, hazelnut, pistachio, pecan, almond) in a balanced and healthy diet and their benefits to human health, breeding of the nuts species has also been stepped up. Most recent fruit breeding programs have focused on scion genetic improvement. However, the use of locally adapted grafted rootstocks also enhanced the productivity and quality of tree fruit crops. Grafting is an ancient horticultural practice used in nut crops to manipulate scion phenotype and productivity and overcome biotic and abiotic stresses. There are complex rootstock breeding objectives and physiological and molecular aspects of rootstock–scion interactions in nut crops. In this review, we provide an overview of these, considering the mechanisms involved in nutrient and water uptake, regulation of phytohormones, and rootstock influences on the scion molecular processes, including long-distance gene silencing and trans-grafting. Understanding the mechanisms resulting from rootstock × scion × environmental interactions will contribute to developing new rootstocks with resilience in the face of climate change, but also of the multitude of diseases and pests.Kourosh VahdatiSaadat SarikhaniMohammad Mehdi ArabCharles A. LeslieAbhaya M. DandekarNeus AletàBeatriz BielsaThomas M. GradzielÁlvaro MontesinosMaría José Rubio-CabetasGina M. SideliÜmit SerdarBurak AkyüzGabriele Loris BeccaroDario DonnoMercè RoviraLouise FergusonMohammad AkbariAbdollatif SheikhiAdriana F. SestrasSalih KafkasAibibula PaizilaMahmoud Reza RoozbanAmandeep KaurSrijana PantaLu ZhangRadu E. SestrasShawn A. MehlenbacherMDPI AGarticlealmondPersian walnutpistachiohazelnutpecanchestnutBotanyQK1-989ENPlants, Vol 10, Iss 2234, p 2234 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	almond Persian walnut pistachio hazelnut pecan chestnut Botany QK1-989
spellingShingle	almond Persian walnut pistachio hazelnut pecan chestnut Botany QK1-989 Kourosh Vahdati Saadat Sarikhani Mohammad Mehdi Arab Charles A. Leslie Abhaya M. Dandekar Neus Aletà Beatriz Bielsa Thomas M. Gradziel Álvaro Montesinos María José Rubio-Cabetas Gina M. Sideli Ümit Serdar Burak Akyüz Gabriele Loris Beccaro Dario Donno Mercè Rovira Louise Ferguson Mohammad Akbari Abdollatif Sheikhi Adriana F. Sestras Salih Kafkas Aibibula Paizila Mahmoud Reza Roozban Amandeep Kaur Srijana Panta Lu Zhang Radu E. Sestras Shawn A. Mehlenbacher Advances in Rootstock Breeding of Nut Trees: Objectives and Strategies
description	The production and consumption of nuts are increasing in the world due to strong economic returns and the nutritional value of their products. With the increasing role and importance given to nuts (i.e., walnuts, hazelnut, pistachio, pecan, almond) in a balanced and healthy diet and their benefits to human health, breeding of the nuts species has also been stepped up. Most recent fruit breeding programs have focused on scion genetic improvement. However, the use of locally adapted grafted rootstocks also enhanced the productivity and quality of tree fruit crops. Grafting is an ancient horticultural practice used in nut crops to manipulate scion phenotype and productivity and overcome biotic and abiotic stresses. There are complex rootstock breeding objectives and physiological and molecular aspects of rootstock–scion interactions in nut crops. In this review, we provide an overview of these, considering the mechanisms involved in nutrient and water uptake, regulation of phytohormones, and rootstock influences on the scion molecular processes, including long-distance gene silencing and trans-grafting. Understanding the mechanisms resulting from rootstock × scion × environmental interactions will contribute to developing new rootstocks with resilience in the face of climate change, but also of the multitude of diseases and pests.
format	article
author	Kourosh Vahdati Saadat Sarikhani Mohammad Mehdi Arab Charles A. Leslie Abhaya M. Dandekar Neus Aletà Beatriz Bielsa Thomas M. Gradziel Álvaro Montesinos María José Rubio-Cabetas Gina M. Sideli Ümit Serdar Burak Akyüz Gabriele Loris Beccaro Dario Donno Mercè Rovira Louise Ferguson Mohammad Akbari Abdollatif Sheikhi Adriana F. Sestras Salih Kafkas Aibibula Paizila Mahmoud Reza Roozban Amandeep Kaur Srijana Panta Lu Zhang Radu E. Sestras Shawn A. Mehlenbacher
author_facet	Kourosh Vahdati Saadat Sarikhani Mohammad Mehdi Arab Charles A. Leslie Abhaya M. Dandekar Neus Aletà Beatriz Bielsa Thomas M. Gradziel Álvaro Montesinos María José Rubio-Cabetas Gina M. Sideli Ümit Serdar Burak Akyüz Gabriele Loris Beccaro Dario Donno Mercè Rovira Louise Ferguson Mohammad Akbari Abdollatif Sheikhi Adriana F. Sestras Salih Kafkas Aibibula Paizila Mahmoud Reza Roozban Amandeep Kaur Srijana Panta Lu Zhang Radu E. Sestras Shawn A. Mehlenbacher
author_sort	Kourosh Vahdati
title	Advances in Rootstock Breeding of Nut Trees: Objectives and Strategies
title_short	Advances in Rootstock Breeding of Nut Trees: Objectives and Strategies
title_full	Advances in Rootstock Breeding of Nut Trees: Objectives and Strategies
title_fullStr	Advances in Rootstock Breeding of Nut Trees: Objectives and Strategies
title_full_unstemmed	Advances in Rootstock Breeding of Nut Trees: Objectives and Strategies
title_sort	advances in rootstock breeding of nut trees: objectives and strategies
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8b4f93151cb34c11810932208f95b6b6
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Advances in Rootstock Breeding of Nut Trees: Objectives and Strategies

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