The Unique Identification of an Unknown Soldier from the Estonian War of Independence

The identification of human remains is challenging mostly due to the bad condition of the remains and the available background information that is sometimes limited. The current case report is related to the identification of an unknown soldier from the Estonian War of Independence (1918–1920). The...

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Autores principales:	Anu Aaspõllu, Raili Allmäe, Fred Puss, Walther Parson, Küllike Pihkva, Kairi Kriiska-Maiväli, Arnold Unt
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	human remains identification anthropological assessment genealogy/kinship analysis DNA typing Y-chromosomal STR haplotypes Genetics QH426-470
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8b7c5c1780e04a8f819c40ebe87ce249
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8b7c5c1780e04a8f819c40ebe87ce2492021-11-25T17:41:16ZThe Unique Identification of an Unknown Soldier from the Estonian War of Independence10.3390/genes121117222073-4425https://doaj.org/article/8b7c5c1780e04a8f819c40ebe87ce2492021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/11/1722https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4425The identification of human remains is challenging mostly due to the bad condition of the remains and the available background information that is sometimes limited. The current case report is related to the identification of an unknown soldier from the Estonian War of Independence (1918–1920). The case includes an anthropological study of the remains, examinations of documents found with the exhumed remains, and kinship estimations based on archival documents, and DNA analyses. As the preliminary data pointed to remains of male origin, Y-chromosomal STR (short tandem repeat) analyses of 22 Y-STR loci were used to analyze the exhumed teeth. Reference samples from individuals from two paternal lineages were collected based on archival documents. Y-chromosomal STR results for the tooth samples were consistent with a patrilineal relationship to only one reference sample out of two proposed paternal lineages. Based on the provided pedigrees in the consistent case, the Y-STR results are approximately four million times more likely if the tooth sample originated from an individual related along the paternal line to the matching reference sample, than if the tooth sample originated from another person in the general population. Special considerations have to be met when limited evidence is available.Anu AaspõlluRaili AllmäeFred PussWalther ParsonKüllike PihkvaKairi Kriiska-MaiväliArnold UntMDPI AGarticlehuman remains identificationanthropological assessmentgenealogy/kinship analysisDNA typingY-chromosomal STR haplotypesGeneticsQH426-470ENGenes, Vol 12, Iss 1722, p 1722 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	human remains identification anthropological assessment genealogy/kinship analysis DNA typing Y-chromosomal STR haplotypes Genetics QH426-470
spellingShingle	human remains identification anthropological assessment genealogy/kinship analysis DNA typing Y-chromosomal STR haplotypes Genetics QH426-470 Anu Aaspõllu Raili Allmäe Fred Puss Walther Parson Küllike Pihkva Kairi Kriiska-Maiväli Arnold Unt The Unique Identification of an Unknown Soldier from the Estonian War of Independence
description	The identification of human remains is challenging mostly due to the bad condition of the remains and the available background information that is sometimes limited. The current case report is related to the identification of an unknown soldier from the Estonian War of Independence (1918–1920). The case includes an anthropological study of the remains, examinations of documents found with the exhumed remains, and kinship estimations based on archival documents, and DNA analyses. As the preliminary data pointed to remains of male origin, Y-chromosomal STR (short tandem repeat) analyses of 22 Y-STR loci were used to analyze the exhumed teeth. Reference samples from individuals from two paternal lineages were collected based on archival documents. Y-chromosomal STR results for the tooth samples were consistent with a patrilineal relationship to only one reference sample out of two proposed paternal lineages. Based on the provided pedigrees in the consistent case, the Y-STR results are approximately four million times more likely if the tooth sample originated from an individual related along the paternal line to the matching reference sample, than if the tooth sample originated from another person in the general population. Special considerations have to be met when limited evidence is available.
format	article
author	Anu Aaspõllu Raili Allmäe Fred Puss Walther Parson Küllike Pihkva Kairi Kriiska-Maiväli Arnold Unt
author_facet	Anu Aaspõllu Raili Allmäe Fred Puss Walther Parson Küllike Pihkva Kairi Kriiska-Maiväli Arnold Unt
author_sort	Anu Aaspõllu
title	The Unique Identification of an Unknown Soldier from the Estonian War of Independence
title_short	The Unique Identification of an Unknown Soldier from the Estonian War of Independence
title_full	The Unique Identification of an Unknown Soldier from the Estonian War of Independence
title_fullStr	The Unique Identification of an Unknown Soldier from the Estonian War of Independence
title_full_unstemmed	The Unique Identification of an Unknown Soldier from the Estonian War of Independence
title_sort	unique identification of an unknown soldier from the estonian war of independence
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8b7c5c1780e04a8f819c40ebe87ce249
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The Unique Identification of an Unknown Soldier from the Estonian War of Independence

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