Grain-Filling Characteristics in Extra-Large Panicle Type of Early-Maturing japonica/indica Hybrids

Early-maturing japonica/indica hybrids (EJIH) have recently been released, performing a yield potential of 13.5 t ha−1 and greater yield increase over conventional japonica rice (CJ) and hybrid indica...

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Autores principales:	Tianyao Meng, Xi Chen, Xubin Zhang, Jialin Ge, Guisheng Zhou, Qigen Dai, Huanhe Wei
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	grain-filling characteristics early-maturing <i>japonica</i>/<i>indica</i> hybrids extra-large panicle rice Agriculture (General) S1-972
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8b7c80720c7a4198a6bf9454c83a4822
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8b7c80720c7a4198a6bf9454c83a48222021-11-25T16:01:37ZGrain-Filling Characteristics in Extra-Large Panicle Type of Early-Maturing <i>japonica</i>/<i>indica</i> Hybrids10.3390/agriculture111111652077-0472https://doaj.org/article/8b7c80720c7a4198a6bf9454c83a48222021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/11/11/1165https://doaj.org/toc/2077-0472Early-maturing <i>japonica</i>/<i>indica</i> hybrids (EJIH) have recently been released, performing a yield potential of 13.5 t ha<sup>−1</sup> and greater yield increase over conventional <i>japonica</i> rice (CJ) and hybrid <i>indica</i> rice (HI) in production. More spikelets per panicle and improved grain-filling efficiency underlined the basis for the superior yield performance of EJIH. However, few studies are available on the panicle traits and grain-filling characteristics of EJIH, as well as their differences to CJ and HI. In our study, two EJIH, two CJ, and two HI cultivars with similar growth patterns were grown in the same fields. EJIH had a 12.2–18.8% increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) grain yield relative to CJ and HI, mainly attributed to their higher daily grain yield. Although it had a lower panicle per m<sup>2</sup>, EJIH exhibited 28.0–38.3% more (<i>p</i> < 0.05) spikelets per m<sup>2</sup> from an increase of 58.0–87.8% (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in spikelets per panicle than CJ and HI. Compared with CJ and HI, EJIH had a higher single panicle weight and more grains in the six parts of the panicle, especially in the upper secondary branches (US) and middle secondary branches (MS). EJIH exhibited a higher leaf area index (LAI), leaf area duration (LAD), leaf photosynthetic rate, and SPAD values after heading, which helped increase shoot biomass weight at heading and maturity and post-heading biomass accumulation. For CJ and HI, the grain-filling dynamics of grains in the six parts were all well simulated by the Richards equation. For EJIH, the grain-filling dynamics of grains in the lower secondary branches (LS) were well fitted by the logistics equation, with the Richards equation simulating grain positioning on the other five parts. EJIH had a lower mean grain-filling rate (GR<sub>mean</sub>) and longer days and grain filling amounts (GFA) during early, middle, and late stages than CJ and HI. Our results suggest EJIH gave a yield advantage over CJ and HI through a higher daily grain yield. The panicle traits and grain-filling characteristics differed greatly among the three cultivar types. Compared with CJ and HI, EJIH had lower GR<sub>mean</sub> and higher days and more grains in the panicle during early, middle, and late stages, which contributed to an increased GFA after heading, improved filled-grain efficiency, and higher grain yield.Tianyao MengXi ChenXubin ZhangJialin GeGuisheng ZhouQigen DaiHuanhe WeiMDPI AGarticlegrain-filling characteristicsearly-maturing <i>japonica</i>/<i>indica</i> hybridsextra-large panicle riceAgriculture (General)S1-972ENAgriculture, Vol 11, Iss 1165, p 1165 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	grain-filling characteristics early-maturing <i>japonica</i>/<i>indica</i> hybrids extra-large panicle rice Agriculture (General) S1-972
spellingShingle	grain-filling characteristics early-maturing <i>japonica</i>/<i>indica</i> hybrids extra-large panicle rice Agriculture (General) S1-972 Tianyao Meng Xi Chen Xubin Zhang Jialin Ge Guisheng Zhou Qigen Dai Huanhe Wei Grain-Filling Characteristics in Extra-Large Panicle Type of Early-Maturing <i>japonica</i>/<i>indica</i> Hybrids
description	Early-maturing <i>japonica</i>/<i>indica</i> hybrids (EJIH) have recently been released, performing a yield potential of 13.5 t ha<sup>−1</sup> and greater yield increase over conventional <i>japonica</i> rice (CJ) and hybrid <i>indica</i> rice (HI) in production. More spikelets per panicle and improved grain-filling efficiency underlined the basis for the superior yield performance of EJIH. However, few studies are available on the panicle traits and grain-filling characteristics of EJIH, as well as their differences to CJ and HI. In our study, two EJIH, two CJ, and two HI cultivars with similar growth patterns were grown in the same fields. EJIH had a 12.2–18.8% increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) grain yield relative to CJ and HI, mainly attributed to their higher daily grain yield. Although it had a lower panicle per m<sup>2</sup>, EJIH exhibited 28.0–38.3% more (<i>p</i> < 0.05) spikelets per m<sup>2</sup> from an increase of 58.0–87.8% (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in spikelets per panicle than CJ and HI. Compared with CJ and HI, EJIH had a higher single panicle weight and more grains in the six parts of the panicle, especially in the upper secondary branches (US) and middle secondary branches (MS). EJIH exhibited a higher leaf area index (LAI), leaf area duration (LAD), leaf photosynthetic rate, and SPAD values after heading, which helped increase shoot biomass weight at heading and maturity and post-heading biomass accumulation. For CJ and HI, the grain-filling dynamics of grains in the six parts were all well simulated by the Richards equation. For EJIH, the grain-filling dynamics of grains in the lower secondary branches (LS) were well fitted by the logistics equation, with the Richards equation simulating grain positioning on the other five parts. EJIH had a lower mean grain-filling rate (GR<sub>mean</sub>) and longer days and grain filling amounts (GFA) during early, middle, and late stages than CJ and HI. Our results suggest EJIH gave a yield advantage over CJ and HI through a higher daily grain yield. The panicle traits and grain-filling characteristics differed greatly among the three cultivar types. Compared with CJ and HI, EJIH had lower GR<sub>mean</sub> and higher days and more grains in the panicle during early, middle, and late stages, which contributed to an increased GFA after heading, improved filled-grain efficiency, and higher grain yield.
format	article
author	Tianyao Meng Xi Chen Xubin Zhang Jialin Ge Guisheng Zhou Qigen Dai Huanhe Wei
author_facet	Tianyao Meng Xi Chen Xubin Zhang Jialin Ge Guisheng Zhou Qigen Dai Huanhe Wei
author_sort	Tianyao Meng
title	Grain-Filling Characteristics in Extra-Large Panicle Type of Early-Maturing <i>japonica</i>/<i>indica</i> Hybrids
title_short	Grain-Filling Characteristics in Extra-Large Panicle Type of Early-Maturing <i>japonica</i>/<i>indica</i> Hybrids
title_full	Grain-Filling Characteristics in Extra-Large Panicle Type of Early-Maturing <i>japonica</i>/<i>indica</i> Hybrids
title_fullStr	Grain-Filling Characteristics in Extra-Large Panicle Type of Early-Maturing <i>japonica</i>/<i>indica</i> Hybrids
title_full_unstemmed	Grain-Filling Characteristics in Extra-Large Panicle Type of Early-Maturing <i>japonica</i>/<i>indica</i> Hybrids
title_sort	grain-filling characteristics in extra-large panicle type of early-maturing <i>japonica</i>/<i>indica</i> hybrids
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8b7c80720c7a4198a6bf9454c83a4822
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Grain-Filling Characteristics in Extra-Large Panicle Type of Early-Maturing <i>japonica</i>/<i>indica</i> Hybrids

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