Smoking habit as a risk amplifier in chronic kidney disease patients

Abstract Several studies showed the association between non-traditional risk factors [proteinuria and estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR)] and cardiovascular (CV) and renal outcomes. Nevertheless, the etiologic role of traditional CV risk factors in referred CKD patients is less defined. Her...

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Autores principales:	Michele Provenzano, Raffaele Serra, Ashour Michael, Davide Bolignano, Giuseppe Coppolino, Nicola Ielapi, Giuseppe Filiberto Serraino, Pasquale Mastroroberto, Francesco Locatelli, Luca De Nicola, Michele Andreucci
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8b801b63b1f24c5689345c903b78c447
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8b801b63b1f24c5689345c903b78c4472021-12-02T17:03:50ZSmoking habit as a risk amplifier in chronic kidney disease patients10.1038/s41598-021-94270-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/8b801b63b1f24c5689345c903b78c4472021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-94270-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Several studies showed the association between non-traditional risk factors [proteinuria and estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR)] and cardiovascular (CV) and renal outcomes. Nevertheless, the etiologic role of traditional CV risk factors in referred CKD patients is less defined. Herein, we examined the association between smoking habit and CV events, mortality and CKD progression. We undertook an observational analysis of 1306 stage III–V CKD patients. Smoking habit was modeled as a categorical (never, current or former smokers) and continuous (number of cigarettes/day) variable. Mean eGFR was 35.8 ± 12.5 mL/min/1.73 m2. Never, current and former smokers were 61.1%, 10.8% and 28.1%. During a median follow-up of 2.87 years, current and former smokers were at significant risk for CV events (HRs of 1.93 [95% CI, 1.18–3.16] and 1.44 [95% CI, 1.01–2.05]) versus never smokers. Current smokers were at increased mortality risk (HR 2.13 [95% CI, 1.10–4.11]). Interactions were found between former smokers and proteinuria (p = 0.007) and diabetes (p = 0.041) for renal risk, and between current smokers and male gender (p = 0.044) and CKD stage V (p = 0.039) for renal and mortality risk. In referred CKD patients, smoking habit is independently associated with CV events and mortality. It acts as a risk “amplifier” for the association between other risk factors and renal outcomes.Michele ProvenzanoRaffaele SerraAshour MichaelDavide BolignanoGiuseppe CoppolinoNicola IelapiGiuseppe Filiberto SerrainoPasquale MastrorobertoFrancesco LocatelliLuca De NicolaMichele AndreucciNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Michele Provenzano Raffaele Serra Ashour Michael Davide Bolignano Giuseppe Coppolino Nicola Ielapi Giuseppe Filiberto Serraino Pasquale Mastroroberto Francesco Locatelli Luca De Nicola Michele Andreucci Smoking habit as a risk amplifier in chronic kidney disease patients
description	Abstract Several studies showed the association between non-traditional risk factors [proteinuria and estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR)] and cardiovascular (CV) and renal outcomes. Nevertheless, the etiologic role of traditional CV risk factors in referred CKD patients is less defined. Herein, we examined the association between smoking habit and CV events, mortality and CKD progression. We undertook an observational analysis of 1306 stage III–V CKD patients. Smoking habit was modeled as a categorical (never, current or former smokers) and continuous (number of cigarettes/day) variable. Mean eGFR was 35.8 ± 12.5 mL/min/1.73 m2. Never, current and former smokers were 61.1%, 10.8% and 28.1%. During a median follow-up of 2.87 years, current and former smokers were at significant risk for CV events (HRs of 1.93 [95% CI, 1.18–3.16] and 1.44 [95% CI, 1.01–2.05]) versus never smokers. Current smokers were at increased mortality risk (HR 2.13 [95% CI, 1.10–4.11]). Interactions were found between former smokers and proteinuria (p = 0.007) and diabetes (p = 0.041) for renal risk, and between current smokers and male gender (p = 0.044) and CKD stage V (p = 0.039) for renal and mortality risk. In referred CKD patients, smoking habit is independently associated with CV events and mortality. It acts as a risk “amplifier” for the association between other risk factors and renal outcomes.
format	article
author	Michele Provenzano Raffaele Serra Ashour Michael Davide Bolignano Giuseppe Coppolino Nicola Ielapi Giuseppe Filiberto Serraino Pasquale Mastroroberto Francesco Locatelli Luca De Nicola Michele Andreucci
author_facet	Michele Provenzano Raffaele Serra Ashour Michael Davide Bolignano Giuseppe Coppolino Nicola Ielapi Giuseppe Filiberto Serraino Pasquale Mastroroberto Francesco Locatelli Luca De Nicola Michele Andreucci
author_sort	Michele Provenzano
title	Smoking habit as a risk amplifier in chronic kidney disease patients
title_short	Smoking habit as a risk amplifier in chronic kidney disease patients
title_full	Smoking habit as a risk amplifier in chronic kidney disease patients
title_fullStr	Smoking habit as a risk amplifier in chronic kidney disease patients
title_full_unstemmed	Smoking habit as a risk amplifier in chronic kidney disease patients
title_sort	smoking habit as a risk amplifier in chronic kidney disease patients
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8b801b63b1f24c5689345c903b78c447
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Smoking habit as a risk amplifier in chronic kidney disease patients

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