Individual Variability in Bothrops atrox Snakes Collected from Different Habitats in the Brazilian Amazon: New Findings on Venom Composition and Functionality

Differences in snake venom composition occur across all taxonomic levels and it has been argued that this variation represents an adaptation that has evolved to facilitate the capture and digestion of prey and evasion of predators. Bothrops atrox is a terrestrial pitviper that is...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Leijane F. Sousa, Matthew L. Holding, Tiago H. M. Del-Rei, Marisa M. T. Rocha, Rosa H. V. Mourão, Hipócrates M. Chalkidis, Benedito Prezoto, H. Lisle Gibbs, Ana M. Moura-da-Silva
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	<i>Bothrops atrox</i> individual variability venom heterogeneity Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8b9128539ba041379845fc33f264f6e8
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:8b9128539ba041379845fc33f264f6e8
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8b9128539ba041379845fc33f264f6e82021-11-25T19:09:03ZIndividual Variability in <i>Bothrops</i> <i>atrox</i> Snakes Collected from Different Habitats in the Brazilian Amazon: New Findings on Venom Composition and Functionality10.3390/toxins131108142072-6651https://doaj.org/article/8b9128539ba041379845fc33f264f6e82021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/13/11/814https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6651Differences in snake venom composition occur across all taxonomic levels and it has been argued that this variation represents an adaptation that has evolved to facilitate the capture and digestion of prey and evasion of predators. <i>Bothrops atrox</i> is a terrestrial pitviper that is distributed across the Amazon region, where it occupies different habitats. Using statistical analyses and functional assays that incorporate individual variation, we analyzed the individual venom variability in <i>B. atrox</i> snakes from four different habitats (forest, pasture, degraded area, and floodplain) in and around the Amazon River in Brazil. We observed venom differentiation between spatially distinct <i>B. atrox</i> individuals from the different habitats, with venom variation due to both common (high abundance) and rare (low abundance) proteins. Moreover, differences in the composition of the venoms resulted in individual variability in functionality and heterogeneity in the lethality to mammals and birds, particularly among the floodplain snakes. Taken together, the data obtained from individual venoms of <i>B. atrox</i> snakes, captured in different habitats from the Brazilian Amazon, support the hypothesis that the differential distribution of protein isoforms results in functional distinctiveness and the ability of snakes with different venoms to have variable toxic effects on different prey.Leijane F. SousaMatthew L. HoldingTiago H. M. Del-ReiMarisa M. T. RochaRosa H. V. MourãoHipócrates M. ChalkidisBenedito PrezotoH. Lisle GibbsAna M. Moura-da-SilvaMDPI AGarticle<i>Bothrops atrox</i>individual variabilityvenom heterogeneityMedicineRENToxins, Vol 13, Iss 814, p 814 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	<i>Bothrops atrox</i> individual variability venom heterogeneity Medicine R
spellingShingle	<i>Bothrops atrox</i> individual variability venom heterogeneity Medicine R Leijane F. Sousa Matthew L. Holding Tiago H. M. Del-Rei Marisa M. T. Rocha Rosa H. V. Mourão Hipócrates M. Chalkidis Benedito Prezoto H. Lisle Gibbs Ana M. Moura-da-Silva Individual Variability in <i>Bothrops</i> <i>atrox</i> Snakes Collected from Different Habitats in the Brazilian Amazon: New Findings on Venom Composition and Functionality
description	Differences in snake venom composition occur across all taxonomic levels and it has been argued that this variation represents an adaptation that has evolved to facilitate the capture and digestion of prey and evasion of predators. <i>Bothrops atrox</i> is a terrestrial pitviper that is distributed across the Amazon region, where it occupies different habitats. Using statistical analyses and functional assays that incorporate individual variation, we analyzed the individual venom variability in <i>B. atrox</i> snakes from four different habitats (forest, pasture, degraded area, and floodplain) in and around the Amazon River in Brazil. We observed venom differentiation between spatially distinct <i>B. atrox</i> individuals from the different habitats, with venom variation due to both common (high abundance) and rare (low abundance) proteins. Moreover, differences in the composition of the venoms resulted in individual variability in functionality and heterogeneity in the lethality to mammals and birds, particularly among the floodplain snakes. Taken together, the data obtained from individual venoms of <i>B. atrox</i> snakes, captured in different habitats from the Brazilian Amazon, support the hypothesis that the differential distribution of protein isoforms results in functional distinctiveness and the ability of snakes with different venoms to have variable toxic effects on different prey.
format	article
author	Leijane F. Sousa Matthew L. Holding Tiago H. M. Del-Rei Marisa M. T. Rocha Rosa H. V. Mourão Hipócrates M. Chalkidis Benedito Prezoto H. Lisle Gibbs Ana M. Moura-da-Silva
author_facet	Leijane F. Sousa Matthew L. Holding Tiago H. M. Del-Rei Marisa M. T. Rocha Rosa H. V. Mourão Hipócrates M. Chalkidis Benedito Prezoto H. Lisle Gibbs Ana M. Moura-da-Silva
author_sort	Leijane F. Sousa
title	Individual Variability in <i>Bothrops</i> <i>atrox</i> Snakes Collected from Different Habitats in the Brazilian Amazon: New Findings on Venom Composition and Functionality
title_short	Individual Variability in <i>Bothrops</i> <i>atrox</i> Snakes Collected from Different Habitats in the Brazilian Amazon: New Findings on Venom Composition and Functionality
title_full	Individual Variability in <i>Bothrops</i> <i>atrox</i> Snakes Collected from Different Habitats in the Brazilian Amazon: New Findings on Venom Composition and Functionality
title_fullStr	Individual Variability in <i>Bothrops</i> <i>atrox</i> Snakes Collected from Different Habitats in the Brazilian Amazon: New Findings on Venom Composition and Functionality
title_full_unstemmed	Individual Variability in <i>Bothrops</i> <i>atrox</i> Snakes Collected from Different Habitats in the Brazilian Amazon: New Findings on Venom Composition and Functionality
title_sort	individual variability in <i>bothrops</i> <i>atrox</i> snakes collected from different habitats in the brazilian amazon: new findings on venom composition and functionality
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8b9128539ba041379845fc33f264f6e8
work_keys_str_mv	AT leijanefsousa individualvariabilityinibothropsiiatroxisnakescollectedfromdifferenthabitatsinthebrazilianamazonnewfindingsonvenomcompositionandfunctionality AT matthewlholding individualvariabilityinibothropsiiatroxisnakescollectedfromdifferenthabitatsinthebrazilianamazonnewfindingsonvenomcompositionandfunctionality AT tiagohmdelrei individualvariabilityinibothropsiiatroxisnakescollectedfromdifferenthabitatsinthebrazilianamazonnewfindingsonvenomcompositionandfunctionality AT marisamtrocha individualvariabilityinibothropsiiatroxisnakescollectedfromdifferenthabitatsinthebrazilianamazonnewfindingsonvenomcompositionandfunctionality AT rosahvmourao individualvariabilityinibothropsiiatroxisnakescollectedfromdifferenthabitatsinthebrazilianamazonnewfindingsonvenomcompositionandfunctionality AT hipocratesmchalkidis individualvariabilityinibothropsiiatroxisnakescollectedfromdifferenthabitatsinthebrazilianamazonnewfindingsonvenomcompositionandfunctionality AT beneditoprezoto individualvariabilityinibothropsiiatroxisnakescollectedfromdifferenthabitatsinthebrazilianamazonnewfindingsonvenomcompositionandfunctionality AT hlislegibbs individualvariabilityinibothropsiiatroxisnakescollectedfromdifferenthabitatsinthebrazilianamazonnewfindingsonvenomcompositionandfunctionality AT anammouradasilva individualvariabilityinibothropsiiatroxisnakescollectedfromdifferenthabitatsinthebrazilianamazonnewfindingsonvenomcompositionandfunctionality
_version_	1718410229598650368

Individual Variability in <i>Bothrops</i> <i>atrox</i> Snakes Collected from Different Habitats in the Brazilian Amazon: New Findings on Venom Composition and Functionality

Ejemplares similares