Metabolite Diversity and Metabolic Genome-Wide Marker Association Studies (Mgwas) for Health Benefiting Nutritional Traits in Pearl Millet Grains

As efforts are made to increase food security, millets are gaining increasing importance due to their excellent nutritional credentials. Among the millets, pearl millet is the predominant species possessing several health benefiting nutritional traits in its grain that are helpful in mitigating chro...

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Autores principales:	Chandra Bhan Yadav, Rakesh K. Srivastava, Prakash I. Gangashetty, Rama Yadav, Luis A. J. Mur, Rattan S. Yadav
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	pearl millet metabolites starch antioxidants vitamins germplasm Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8badf6ceb3994558a40d1b95d019c273
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8badf6ceb3994558a40d1b95d019c2732021-11-25T17:11:14ZMetabolite Diversity and Metabolic Genome-Wide Marker Association Studies (Mgwas) for Health Benefiting Nutritional Traits in Pearl Millet Grains10.3390/cells101130762073-4409https://doaj.org/article/8badf6ceb3994558a40d1b95d019c2732021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/11/3076https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4409As efforts are made to increase food security, millets are gaining increasing importance due to their excellent nutritional credentials. Among the millets, pearl millet is the predominant species possessing several health benefiting nutritional traits in its grain that are helpful in mitigating chronic illnesses such as type−2 diabetes and obesity. In this paper, we conducted metabolomic fingerprinting of 197 pearl millet inbred lines drawn randomly from within the world collection of pearl millet germplasm and report the extent of genetic variation for health benefitting metabolites in these genotypes. Metabolites were extracted from seeds and assessed using flow infusion high-resolution mass spectrometry (FIE-HRMS). Metabolite features (<i>m</i>/<i>z</i>), whose levels significantly differed among the germplasm inbred lines, were identified by ANOVA corrected for FDR and subjected to functional pathway analysis. A number of health-benefiting metabolites linked to dietary starch, antioxidants, vitamins, and lipid metabolism-related compounds were identified. Metabolic genome-wide association analysis (mGWAS) performed using the 396 <i>m</i>/<i>z</i> as phenotypic traits and the 76 K SNP as genotypic variants identified a total of 897 SNPs associated with health benefiting nutritional metabolite at the -log <i>p</i>-value ≤ 4.0. From these associations, 738 probable candidate genes were predicted to have an important role in starch, antioxidants, vitamins, and lipid metabolism. The mGWAS analysis focused on genes involved in starch branching (α-amylase, β-amylase), vitamin-K reductase, UDP-glucuronosyl, and UDP-glucosyl transferase (UGTs), L-ascorbate oxidase, and isoflavone 2′-monooxygenase genes, which are known to be linked to increases in human health benefiting metabolites. We demonstrate how metabolomic, genomic, and statistical approaches can be utilized to pinpoint genetic variations and their functions linked to key nutritional properties in pearl millet, which in turn can be bred into millets and other cereals crops using plant breeding methods.Chandra Bhan YadavRakesh K. SrivastavaPrakash I. GangashettyRama YadavLuis A. J. MurRattan S. YadavMDPI AGarticlepearl milletmetabolitesstarchantioxidantsvitaminsgermplasmBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENCells, Vol 10, Iss 3076, p 3076 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	pearl millet metabolites starch antioxidants vitamins germplasm Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	pearl millet metabolites starch antioxidants vitamins germplasm Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chandra Bhan Yadav Rakesh K. Srivastava Prakash I. Gangashetty Rama Yadav Luis A. J. Mur Rattan S. Yadav Metabolite Diversity and Metabolic Genome-Wide Marker Association Studies (Mgwas) for Health Benefiting Nutritional Traits in Pearl Millet Grains
description	As efforts are made to increase food security, millets are gaining increasing importance due to their excellent nutritional credentials. Among the millets, pearl millet is the predominant species possessing several health benefiting nutritional traits in its grain that are helpful in mitigating chronic illnesses such as type−2 diabetes and obesity. In this paper, we conducted metabolomic fingerprinting of 197 pearl millet inbred lines drawn randomly from within the world collection of pearl millet germplasm and report the extent of genetic variation for health benefitting metabolites in these genotypes. Metabolites were extracted from seeds and assessed using flow infusion high-resolution mass spectrometry (FIE-HRMS). Metabolite features (<i>m</i>/<i>z</i>), whose levels significantly differed among the germplasm inbred lines, were identified by ANOVA corrected for FDR and subjected to functional pathway analysis. A number of health-benefiting metabolites linked to dietary starch, antioxidants, vitamins, and lipid metabolism-related compounds were identified. Metabolic genome-wide association analysis (mGWAS) performed using the 396 <i>m</i>/<i>z</i> as phenotypic traits and the 76 K SNP as genotypic variants identified a total of 897 SNPs associated with health benefiting nutritional metabolite at the -log <i>p</i>-value ≤ 4.0. From these associations, 738 probable candidate genes were predicted to have an important role in starch, antioxidants, vitamins, and lipid metabolism. The mGWAS analysis focused on genes involved in starch branching (α-amylase, β-amylase), vitamin-K reductase, UDP-glucuronosyl, and UDP-glucosyl transferase (UGTs), L-ascorbate oxidase, and isoflavone 2′-monooxygenase genes, which are known to be linked to increases in human health benefiting metabolites. We demonstrate how metabolomic, genomic, and statistical approaches can be utilized to pinpoint genetic variations and their functions linked to key nutritional properties in pearl millet, which in turn can be bred into millets and other cereals crops using plant breeding methods.
format	article
author	Chandra Bhan Yadav Rakesh K. Srivastava Prakash I. Gangashetty Rama Yadav Luis A. J. Mur Rattan S. Yadav
author_facet	Chandra Bhan Yadav Rakesh K. Srivastava Prakash I. Gangashetty Rama Yadav Luis A. J. Mur Rattan S. Yadav
author_sort	Chandra Bhan Yadav
title	Metabolite Diversity and Metabolic Genome-Wide Marker Association Studies (Mgwas) for Health Benefiting Nutritional Traits in Pearl Millet Grains
title_short	Metabolite Diversity and Metabolic Genome-Wide Marker Association Studies (Mgwas) for Health Benefiting Nutritional Traits in Pearl Millet Grains
title_full	Metabolite Diversity and Metabolic Genome-Wide Marker Association Studies (Mgwas) for Health Benefiting Nutritional Traits in Pearl Millet Grains
title_fullStr	Metabolite Diversity and Metabolic Genome-Wide Marker Association Studies (Mgwas) for Health Benefiting Nutritional Traits in Pearl Millet Grains
title_full_unstemmed	Metabolite Diversity and Metabolic Genome-Wide Marker Association Studies (Mgwas) for Health Benefiting Nutritional Traits in Pearl Millet Grains
title_sort	metabolite diversity and metabolic genome-wide marker association studies (mgwas) for health benefiting nutritional traits in pearl millet grains
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8badf6ceb3994558a40d1b95d019c273
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Metabolite Diversity and Metabolic Genome-Wide Marker Association Studies (Mgwas) for Health Benefiting Nutritional Traits in Pearl Millet Grains

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