Impact of long-term antiretroviral therapy on gut and oral microbiotas in HIV-1-infected patients

Abstract In HIV-1-infected patients, antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a key factor that may impact commensal microbiota and cause the emergence of side effects. However, it is not fully understood how long-term ART regimens have diverse impacts on the microbial compositions over time. Here, we perfor...

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Autores principales: Mayumi Imahashi, Hirotaka Ode, Ayumi Kobayashi, Michiko Nemoto, Masakazu Matsuda, Chieko Hashiba, Akiko Hamano, Yoshihiro Nakata, Mikiko Mori, Kento Seko, Masashi Nakahata, Ayumi Kogure, Yasuhito Tanaka, Wataru Sugiura, Yoshiyuki Yokomaku, Yasumasa Iwatani
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Publicado: Nature Portfolio 2021
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:8bb77c505efa44a8bff57079d5c8018d2021-12-02T15:22:58ZImpact of long-term antiretroviral therapy on gut and oral microbiotas in HIV-1-infected patients10.1038/s41598-020-80247-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/8bb77c505efa44a8bff57079d5c8018d2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-80247-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract In HIV-1-infected patients, antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a key factor that may impact commensal microbiota and cause the emergence of side effects. However, it is not fully understood how long-term ART regimens have diverse impacts on the microbial compositions over time. Here, we performed 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of the fecal and salivary microbiomes in patients under different long-term ART. We found that ART, especially conventional nucleotide/nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)-based ART, has remarkable impacts on fecal microbial diversity: decreased α-diversity and increased ß-diversity over time. In contrast, dynamic diversity changes in the salivary microbiome were not observed. Comparative analysis of bacterial genus compositions showed a propensity for Prevotella-enriched and Bacteroides-poor gut microbiotas in patients with ART over time. In addition, we observed a gradual reduction in Bacteroides but drastic increases in Succinivibrio and/or Megasphaera under conventional ART. These results suggest that ART, especially NRTI-based ART, has more suppressive impacts on microbiota composition and diversity in the gut than in the mouth, which potentially causes intestinal dysbiosis in patients. Therefore, NRTI-sparing ART, especially integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)- and/or non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-containing regimens, might alleviate the burden of intestinal dysbiosis in HIV-1-infected patients under long-term ART.Mayumi ImahashiHirotaka OdeAyumi KobayashiMichiko NemotoMasakazu MatsudaChieko HashibaAkiko HamanoYoshihiro NakataMikiko MoriKento SekoMasashi NakahataAyumi KogureYasuhito TanakaWataru SugiuraYoshiyuki YokomakuYasumasa IwataniNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Medicine
R
Science
Q
spellingShingle Medicine
R
Science
Q
Mayumi Imahashi
Hirotaka Ode
Ayumi Kobayashi
Michiko Nemoto
Masakazu Matsuda
Chieko Hashiba
Akiko Hamano
Yoshihiro Nakata
Mikiko Mori
Kento Seko
Masashi Nakahata
Ayumi Kogure
Yasuhito Tanaka
Wataru Sugiura
Yoshiyuki Yokomaku
Yasumasa Iwatani
Impact of long-term antiretroviral therapy on gut and oral microbiotas in HIV-1-infected patients
description Abstract In HIV-1-infected patients, antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a key factor that may impact commensal microbiota and cause the emergence of side effects. However, it is not fully understood how long-term ART regimens have diverse impacts on the microbial compositions over time. Here, we performed 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of the fecal and salivary microbiomes in patients under different long-term ART. We found that ART, especially conventional nucleotide/nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)-based ART, has remarkable impacts on fecal microbial diversity: decreased α-diversity and increased ß-diversity over time. In contrast, dynamic diversity changes in the salivary microbiome were not observed. Comparative analysis of bacterial genus compositions showed a propensity for Prevotella-enriched and Bacteroides-poor gut microbiotas in patients with ART over time. In addition, we observed a gradual reduction in Bacteroides but drastic increases in Succinivibrio and/or Megasphaera under conventional ART. These results suggest that ART, especially NRTI-based ART, has more suppressive impacts on microbiota composition and diversity in the gut than in the mouth, which potentially causes intestinal dysbiosis in patients. Therefore, NRTI-sparing ART, especially integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)- and/or non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-containing regimens, might alleviate the burden of intestinal dysbiosis in HIV-1-infected patients under long-term ART.
format article
author Mayumi Imahashi
Hirotaka Ode
Ayumi Kobayashi
Michiko Nemoto
Masakazu Matsuda
Chieko Hashiba
Akiko Hamano
Yoshihiro Nakata
Mikiko Mori
Kento Seko
Masashi Nakahata
Ayumi Kogure
Yasuhito Tanaka
Wataru Sugiura
Yoshiyuki Yokomaku
Yasumasa Iwatani
author_facet Mayumi Imahashi
Hirotaka Ode
Ayumi Kobayashi
Michiko Nemoto
Masakazu Matsuda
Chieko Hashiba
Akiko Hamano
Yoshihiro Nakata
Mikiko Mori
Kento Seko
Masashi Nakahata
Ayumi Kogure
Yasuhito Tanaka
Wataru Sugiura
Yoshiyuki Yokomaku
Yasumasa Iwatani
author_sort Mayumi Imahashi
title Impact of long-term antiretroviral therapy on gut and oral microbiotas in HIV-1-infected patients
title_short Impact of long-term antiretroviral therapy on gut and oral microbiotas in HIV-1-infected patients
title_full Impact of long-term antiretroviral therapy on gut and oral microbiotas in HIV-1-infected patients
title_fullStr Impact of long-term antiretroviral therapy on gut and oral microbiotas in HIV-1-infected patients
title_full_unstemmed Impact of long-term antiretroviral therapy on gut and oral microbiotas in HIV-1-infected patients
title_sort impact of long-term antiretroviral therapy on gut and oral microbiotas in hiv-1-infected patients
publisher Nature Portfolio
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/8bb77c505efa44a8bff57079d5c8018d
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