Efficacy of a low‐dose praziquantel and fenbendazole protocol in the treatment of asymptomatic schistosomiasis in dogs

Abstract Background Established treatment protocols for schistosomiasis (Heterobilharzia americana) in dogs are expensive. Anecdotal reports suggest that lower doses of praziquantel, combined with fenbendazole, may eliminate asymptomatic infections. Objectives Evaluate the efficacy of a low‐dose pra...

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Autores principales:	Harry Cridge, Henrique Lupiano, Julia D. Nipper, Andrew J. Mackin, Jörg M. Steiner
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2021
Materias:	fecal monitoring PCR saline sedimentation schistosomiasis trematode Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8bbe2c04dc8e4449bbdca54a50fd3d82
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8bbe2c04dc8e4449bbdca54a50fd3d822021-11-30T17:01:03ZEfficacy of a low‐dose praziquantel and fenbendazole protocol in the treatment of asymptomatic schistosomiasis in dogs1939-16760891-664010.1111/jvim.16142https://doaj.org/article/8bbe2c04dc8e4449bbdca54a50fd3d822021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16142https://doaj.org/toc/0891-6640https://doaj.org/toc/1939-1676Abstract Background Established treatment protocols for schistosomiasis (Heterobilharzia americana) in dogs are expensive. Anecdotal reports suggest that lower doses of praziquantel, combined with fenbendazole, may eliminate asymptomatic infections. Objectives Evaluate the efficacy of a low‐dose praziquantel and fenbendazole protocol to manage asymptomatic schistosomiasis in dogs and compare fecal saline sedimentation (FSS) and fecal PCR (FPCR) for therapeutic monitoring. Animals Twelve asymptomatic dogs with positive FPCR and FSS results for schistosomiasis. Methods Prospective observational study. On day 0, dogs received praziquantel at a median dose of 5 mg/kg PO q8h for 2 days, with fenbendazole at 24 mg/kg PO q24h for 7 days. Fecal PCR and FSS were repeated in all dogs on days 30, 60, and 90. Results By day 30, 10 of 12 dogs were negative by FSS, but only 3 of 12 were negative by FPCR. By day 60, all 12 dogs were negative by FSS, and 8 of 12 had become negative by FPCR. By day 90, all 12 dogs remained negative by FSS, but 5 of 12 were positive by FPCR (including 2 that were negative by FPCR on day 60). Three dogs that were positive by FPCR on day 60 were re‐treated and subsequently became both FPCR and FSS negative. One FPCR‐positive dog developed a mild increase in serum ALP activity, another developed mild hypercalcemia, and a third developed diarrhea. Conclusions and Clinical Importance A low‐dose praziquantel/fenbendazole protocol may be effective for asymptomatic schistosomiasis in some dogs, but monitoring to ensure treatment success is recommended. Fecal saline sedimentation and FPCR may demonstrate discrepant results, with FPCR being positive more frequently.Harry CridgeHenrique LupianoJulia D. NipperAndrew J. MackinJörg M. SteinerWileyarticlefecalmonitoringPCRsaline sedimentationschistosomiasistrematodeVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ENJournal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Vol 35, Iss 3, Pp 1368-1375 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	fecal monitoring PCR saline sedimentation schistosomiasis trematode Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
spellingShingle	fecal monitoring PCR saline sedimentation schistosomiasis trematode Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Harry Cridge Henrique Lupiano Julia D. Nipper Andrew J. Mackin Jörg M. Steiner Efficacy of a low‐dose praziquantel and fenbendazole protocol in the treatment of asymptomatic schistosomiasis in dogs
description	Abstract Background Established treatment protocols for schistosomiasis (Heterobilharzia americana) in dogs are expensive. Anecdotal reports suggest that lower doses of praziquantel, combined with fenbendazole, may eliminate asymptomatic infections. Objectives Evaluate the efficacy of a low‐dose praziquantel and fenbendazole protocol to manage asymptomatic schistosomiasis in dogs and compare fecal saline sedimentation (FSS) and fecal PCR (FPCR) for therapeutic monitoring. Animals Twelve asymptomatic dogs with positive FPCR and FSS results for schistosomiasis. Methods Prospective observational study. On day 0, dogs received praziquantel at a median dose of 5 mg/kg PO q8h for 2 days, with fenbendazole at 24 mg/kg PO q24h for 7 days. Fecal PCR and FSS were repeated in all dogs on days 30, 60, and 90. Results By day 30, 10 of 12 dogs were negative by FSS, but only 3 of 12 were negative by FPCR. By day 60, all 12 dogs were negative by FSS, and 8 of 12 had become negative by FPCR. By day 90, all 12 dogs remained negative by FSS, but 5 of 12 were positive by FPCR (including 2 that were negative by FPCR on day 60). Three dogs that were positive by FPCR on day 60 were re‐treated and subsequently became both FPCR and FSS negative. One FPCR‐positive dog developed a mild increase in serum ALP activity, another developed mild hypercalcemia, and a third developed diarrhea. Conclusions and Clinical Importance A low‐dose praziquantel/fenbendazole protocol may be effective for asymptomatic schistosomiasis in some dogs, but monitoring to ensure treatment success is recommended. Fecal saline sedimentation and FPCR may demonstrate discrepant results, with FPCR being positive more frequently.
format	article
author	Harry Cridge Henrique Lupiano Julia D. Nipper Andrew J. Mackin Jörg M. Steiner
author_facet	Harry Cridge Henrique Lupiano Julia D. Nipper Andrew J. Mackin Jörg M. Steiner
author_sort	Harry Cridge
title	Efficacy of a low‐dose praziquantel and fenbendazole protocol in the treatment of asymptomatic schistosomiasis in dogs
title_short	Efficacy of a low‐dose praziquantel and fenbendazole protocol in the treatment of asymptomatic schistosomiasis in dogs
title_full	Efficacy of a low‐dose praziquantel and fenbendazole protocol in the treatment of asymptomatic schistosomiasis in dogs
title_fullStr	Efficacy of a low‐dose praziquantel and fenbendazole protocol in the treatment of asymptomatic schistosomiasis in dogs
title_full_unstemmed	Efficacy of a low‐dose praziquantel and fenbendazole protocol in the treatment of asymptomatic schistosomiasis in dogs
title_sort	efficacy of a low‐dose praziquantel and fenbendazole protocol in the treatment of asymptomatic schistosomiasis in dogs
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8bbe2c04dc8e4449bbdca54a50fd3d82
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Efficacy of a low‐dose praziquantel and fenbendazole protocol in the treatment of asymptomatic schistosomiasis in dogs

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