Predictors of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Youth at a Large, Urban Healthcare Center in California, March–September 2020

Objective: To understand which social, epidemiologic, and clinical risk factors are associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in youth accessing care in a large, urban academic institution.Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study with case–control analyses in youth who received testing for SARS-C...

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Autores principales: Caitlin N. Newhouse, Tawny Saleh, Trevon Fuller, Tara Kerin, Mary C. Cambou, Emma J. Swayze, Catherine Le, Wonjae Seo, Marisol Trejo, Omai B. Garner, Sukantha Chandrasekaran, Karin Nielsen-Saines
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Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
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Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/8be7a64f497941b5a8d91df6f4e2d453
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:8be7a64f497941b5a8d91df6f4e2d4532021-11-17T05:32:38ZPredictors of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Youth at a Large, Urban Healthcare Center in California, March–September 20202296-236010.3389/fped.2021.752247https://doaj.org/article/8be7a64f497941b5a8d91df6f4e2d4532021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2021.752247/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-2360Objective: To understand which social, epidemiologic, and clinical risk factors are associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in youth accessing care in a large, urban academic institution.Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study with case–control analyses in youth who received testing for SARS-CoV-2 at our academic institution in Los Angeles during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (March–September 2020).Results: A total of 27,976 SARS-CoV-2 assays among 11,922 youth aged 0–24 years were performed, including 475 youth with positive SARS-CoV-2 results. Positivity rate was higher among older, African American, and Hispanic/Latinx youth. Cases were more likely to be from non-English-speaking households and have safety-net insurance. Zip codes with higher proportion of Hispanic/Latinx and residents living under the poverty line were associated with increased SARS-CoV-2 cases. Youth were more likely to have positive results if tested for exposure (OR 21.5, 95% CI 14.6–32.1) or recent travel (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.0–2.3). Students were less likely to have positive results than essential worker youth (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3–0.8). Patterns of symptom presentation varied significantly by age group; number of symptoms correlated significantly with age in SARS-CoV-2 cases (r = 0.030, p < 0.001). SARS-CoV-2 viral load did not vary by symptom severity, but asymptomatic youth had lower median viral load than those with symptoms (21.5 vs. 26.7, p = 0.009).Conclusions: Socioeconomic factors are important drivers of SARS-CoV-2 infection in youth. Presence of symptoms, exposure, and travel can be used to drive testing in older youth. Policies for school reopening and infection prevention should be tailored differently for elementary schools and universities.Caitlin N. NewhouseCaitlin N. NewhouseTawny SalehTrevon FullerTrevon FullerTara KerinMary C. CambouEmma J. SwayzeCatherine LeWonjae SeoMarisol TrejoOmai B. GarnerSukantha ChandrasekaranKarin Nielsen-SainesFrontiers Media S.A.articleCOVID-19SARS-CoV-2youthtestingviral loadLA CountyPediatricsRJ1-570ENFrontiers in Pediatrics, Vol 9 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
youth
testing
viral load
LA County
Pediatrics
RJ1-570
spellingShingle COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
youth
testing
viral load
LA County
Pediatrics
RJ1-570
Caitlin N. Newhouse
Caitlin N. Newhouse
Tawny Saleh
Trevon Fuller
Trevon Fuller
Tara Kerin
Mary C. Cambou
Emma J. Swayze
Catherine Le
Wonjae Seo
Marisol Trejo
Omai B. Garner
Sukantha Chandrasekaran
Karin Nielsen-Saines
Predictors of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Youth at a Large, Urban Healthcare Center in California, March–September 2020
description Objective: To understand which social, epidemiologic, and clinical risk factors are associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in youth accessing care in a large, urban academic institution.Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study with case–control analyses in youth who received testing for SARS-CoV-2 at our academic institution in Los Angeles during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (March–September 2020).Results: A total of 27,976 SARS-CoV-2 assays among 11,922 youth aged 0–24 years were performed, including 475 youth with positive SARS-CoV-2 results. Positivity rate was higher among older, African American, and Hispanic/Latinx youth. Cases were more likely to be from non-English-speaking households and have safety-net insurance. Zip codes with higher proportion of Hispanic/Latinx and residents living under the poverty line were associated with increased SARS-CoV-2 cases. Youth were more likely to have positive results if tested for exposure (OR 21.5, 95% CI 14.6–32.1) or recent travel (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.0–2.3). Students were less likely to have positive results than essential worker youth (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3–0.8). Patterns of symptom presentation varied significantly by age group; number of symptoms correlated significantly with age in SARS-CoV-2 cases (r = 0.030, p < 0.001). SARS-CoV-2 viral load did not vary by symptom severity, but asymptomatic youth had lower median viral load than those with symptoms (21.5 vs. 26.7, p = 0.009).Conclusions: Socioeconomic factors are important drivers of SARS-CoV-2 infection in youth. Presence of symptoms, exposure, and travel can be used to drive testing in older youth. Policies for school reopening and infection prevention should be tailored differently for elementary schools and universities.
format article
author Caitlin N. Newhouse
Caitlin N. Newhouse
Tawny Saleh
Trevon Fuller
Trevon Fuller
Tara Kerin
Mary C. Cambou
Emma J. Swayze
Catherine Le
Wonjae Seo
Marisol Trejo
Omai B. Garner
Sukantha Chandrasekaran
Karin Nielsen-Saines
author_facet Caitlin N. Newhouse
Caitlin N. Newhouse
Tawny Saleh
Trevon Fuller
Trevon Fuller
Tara Kerin
Mary C. Cambou
Emma J. Swayze
Catherine Le
Wonjae Seo
Marisol Trejo
Omai B. Garner
Sukantha Chandrasekaran
Karin Nielsen-Saines
author_sort Caitlin N. Newhouse
title Predictors of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Youth at a Large, Urban Healthcare Center in California, March–September 2020
title_short Predictors of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Youth at a Large, Urban Healthcare Center in California, March–September 2020
title_full Predictors of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Youth at a Large, Urban Healthcare Center in California, March–September 2020
title_fullStr Predictors of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Youth at a Large, Urban Healthcare Center in California, March–September 2020
title_full_unstemmed Predictors of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Youth at a Large, Urban Healthcare Center in California, March–September 2020
title_sort predictors of sars-cov-2 infection in youth at a large, urban healthcare center in california, march–september 2020
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/8be7a64f497941b5a8d91df6f4e2d453
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