Liquid Helium Enhanced Vitrification Efficiency of Human Bone-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Human Embryonic Stem Cells

Stem cells have the capacity to self-renew and differentiate to specialized cells, which are usually sensitive to cryopreservation. Therefore, the cell survival rate of stem cells using common cryopreservation protocol is generally not ideal. High cooling rates are crucial for decreasing the usage o...

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Autores principales:	Mengjia Dou, Chennan Lu, Jing Liu, Wei Rao
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	liquid helium liquid nitrogen vitrification stem cells Technology T Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8bf0ac8c8f044fbcb6b0310a5a56803a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8bf0ac8c8f044fbcb6b0310a5a56803a2021-11-25T16:46:27ZLiquid Helium Enhanced Vitrification Efficiency of Human Bone-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Human Embryonic Stem Cells10.3390/bioengineering81101622306-5354https://doaj.org/article/8bf0ac8c8f044fbcb6b0310a5a56803a2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/8/11/162https://doaj.org/toc/2306-5354Stem cells have the capacity to self-renew and differentiate to specialized cells, which are usually sensitive to cryopreservation. Therefore, the cell survival rate of stem cells using common cryopreservation protocol is generally not ideal. High cooling rates are crucial for decreasing the usage of cryoprotectants (CPAs) and promoting the successful vitrification of stem cells. In this study, we adopted liquid helium (LHe) instead of liquid nitrogen (LN<sub>2</sub>) as the cryogen to achieve high cooling rates for vitrifying stem cells with high viability and complete functions. A numerical model was established to simulate the cooling processes of vitrifying specimens by immersing them in LHe and LN<sub>2</sub>. The calculated results revealed higher cooling rates when plunging specimens into LHe than into LN<sub>2</sub>. The high viability of human bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) and human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) after vitrifying into LHe also shows the superiority of LHe as the cryogen. Furthermore, considerable cell viability was achieved by vitrification in LHe, even when decreasing the concentrations of CPAs. Additionally, post-vitrification, the cells still maintained high attachment and proliferation efficiency, normal stemness, and multipotential differentiation both for hBMSCs and hESCs. LHe is prospective to be employed as a universal cryogen for vitrification which has a great potential for widespread applications, including bioengineering and clinical medicine.Mengjia DouChennan LuJing LiuWei RaoMDPI AGarticleliquid heliumliquid nitrogenvitrificationstem cellsTechnologyTBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENBioengineering, Vol 8, Iss 162, p 162 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	liquid helium liquid nitrogen vitrification stem cells Technology T Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	liquid helium liquid nitrogen vitrification stem cells Technology T Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Mengjia Dou Chennan Lu Jing Liu Wei Rao Liquid Helium Enhanced Vitrification Efficiency of Human Bone-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Human Embryonic Stem Cells
description	Stem cells have the capacity to self-renew and differentiate to specialized cells, which are usually sensitive to cryopreservation. Therefore, the cell survival rate of stem cells using common cryopreservation protocol is generally not ideal. High cooling rates are crucial for decreasing the usage of cryoprotectants (CPAs) and promoting the successful vitrification of stem cells. In this study, we adopted liquid helium (LHe) instead of liquid nitrogen (LN<sub>2</sub>) as the cryogen to achieve high cooling rates for vitrifying stem cells with high viability and complete functions. A numerical model was established to simulate the cooling processes of vitrifying specimens by immersing them in LHe and LN<sub>2</sub>. The calculated results revealed higher cooling rates when plunging specimens into LHe than into LN<sub>2</sub>. The high viability of human bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) and human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) after vitrifying into LHe also shows the superiority of LHe as the cryogen. Furthermore, considerable cell viability was achieved by vitrification in LHe, even when decreasing the concentrations of CPAs. Additionally, post-vitrification, the cells still maintained high attachment and proliferation efficiency, normal stemness, and multipotential differentiation both for hBMSCs and hESCs. LHe is prospective to be employed as a universal cryogen for vitrification which has a great potential for widespread applications, including bioengineering and clinical medicine.
format	article
author	Mengjia Dou Chennan Lu Jing Liu Wei Rao
author_facet	Mengjia Dou Chennan Lu Jing Liu Wei Rao
author_sort	Mengjia Dou
title	Liquid Helium Enhanced Vitrification Efficiency of Human Bone-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Human Embryonic Stem Cells
title_short	Liquid Helium Enhanced Vitrification Efficiency of Human Bone-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Human Embryonic Stem Cells
title_full	Liquid Helium Enhanced Vitrification Efficiency of Human Bone-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Human Embryonic Stem Cells
title_fullStr	Liquid Helium Enhanced Vitrification Efficiency of Human Bone-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Human Embryonic Stem Cells
title_full_unstemmed	Liquid Helium Enhanced Vitrification Efficiency of Human Bone-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Human Embryonic Stem Cells
title_sort	liquid helium enhanced vitrification efficiency of human bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells and human embryonic stem cells
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8bf0ac8c8f044fbcb6b0310a5a56803a
work_keys_str_mv	AT mengjiadou liquidheliumenhancedvitrificationefficiencyofhumanbonederivedmesenchymalstemcellsandhumanembryonicstemcells AT chennanlu liquidheliumenhancedvitrificationefficiencyofhumanbonederivedmesenchymalstemcellsandhumanembryonicstemcells AT jingliu liquidheliumenhancedvitrificationefficiencyofhumanbonederivedmesenchymalstemcellsandhumanembryonicstemcells AT weirao liquidheliumenhancedvitrificationefficiencyofhumanbonederivedmesenchymalstemcellsandhumanembryonicstemcells
_version_	1718412968946827264

Liquid Helium Enhanced Vitrification Efficiency of Human Bone-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Human Embryonic Stem Cells

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