Novel Pb alloys based composite foams containing hybrid pores produced by liquid metallurgy for lightweight batteries

High-quality novel Pb alloys based composite foams reinforced with fly ash cenospheres of different diameters in a variety of volume fractions were successfully synthesized by stir casting. Several crucial parameters such as wetting between the cenospheres and molten Pb alloy, volume fraction and si...

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Autores principales:	A. Daoud, M.T. Abou El-Khair, A.Y. Shenouda, F. Fairouz, E. Mohamed, M.E. Abdel Aziz, K. Yanamandra, N. Gupta
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. 2022
Materias:	Pb alloys Composite foams Microstructure Specific discharge electrical capacity Cyclic voltammetric Galvanostatic polarization Technology T
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8c1f6fda79f44036abb75ffe31411760
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8c1f6fda79f44036abb75ffe314117602021-11-14T04:34:50ZNovel Pb alloys based composite foams containing hybrid pores produced by liquid metallurgy for lightweight batteries2588-840410.1016/j.ijlmm.2021.09.001https://doaj.org/article/8c1f6fda79f44036abb75ffe314117602022-03-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2588840421000391https://doaj.org/toc/2588-8404High-quality novel Pb alloys based composite foams reinforced with fly ash cenospheres of different diameters in a variety of volume fractions were successfully synthesized by stir casting. Several crucial parameters such as wetting between the cenospheres and molten Pb alloy, volume fraction and size of the cenospheres, melt temperature, rate of cenosphere addition, stirring time and speed, foaming agent amount, foaming temperature and foaming time were optimized to produce high-quality composite foams. The microstructure of the composite foams revealed uniform cell distribution and size with mostly closed cell structure. The cells were measured to be of the size range of 290–430 μm. Microscopy and spectroscopy of the composite foams indicated that limited or no interfacial reaction products are formed between fly ash cenospheres and Pb alloys. The specific discharge electrical capacity of the composite foams was higher than those of the Pb alloys used in conventional Pb-acid batteries. Moreover, the weights of the composite foam electrodes were much lower than those of the conventional lead alloys, providing benefits in transportation applications. The cyclic voltammetric and galvanostatic polarization results indicated that the rates of oxidation of Pb into PbSO4 in the composite foam were much lower than those in Pb-grids and the oxidation of the Pb in the positive and negative grids occurred at much lower voltage than that in composite foams.A. DaoudM.T. Abou El-KhairA.Y. ShenoudaF. FairouzE. MohamedM.E. Abdel AzizK. YanamandraN. GuptaKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.articlePb alloysComposite foamsMicrostructureSpecific discharge electrical capacityCyclic voltammetricGalvanostatic polarizationTechnologyTENInternational Journal of Lightweight Materials and Manufacture, Vol 5, Iss 1, Pp 44-57 (2022)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Pb alloys Composite foams Microstructure Specific discharge electrical capacity Cyclic voltammetric Galvanostatic polarization Technology T
spellingShingle	Pb alloys Composite foams Microstructure Specific discharge electrical capacity Cyclic voltammetric Galvanostatic polarization Technology T A. Daoud M.T. Abou El-Khair A.Y. Shenouda F. Fairouz E. Mohamed M.E. Abdel Aziz K. Yanamandra N. Gupta Novel Pb alloys based composite foams containing hybrid pores produced by liquid metallurgy for lightweight batteries
description	High-quality novel Pb alloys based composite foams reinforced with fly ash cenospheres of different diameters in a variety of volume fractions were successfully synthesized by stir casting. Several crucial parameters such as wetting between the cenospheres and molten Pb alloy, volume fraction and size of the cenospheres, melt temperature, rate of cenosphere addition, stirring time and speed, foaming agent amount, foaming temperature and foaming time were optimized to produce high-quality composite foams. The microstructure of the composite foams revealed uniform cell distribution and size with mostly closed cell structure. The cells were measured to be of the size range of 290–430 μm. Microscopy and spectroscopy of the composite foams indicated that limited or no interfacial reaction products are formed between fly ash cenospheres and Pb alloys. The specific discharge electrical capacity of the composite foams was higher than those of the Pb alloys used in conventional Pb-acid batteries. Moreover, the weights of the composite foam electrodes were much lower than those of the conventional lead alloys, providing benefits in transportation applications. The cyclic voltammetric and galvanostatic polarization results indicated that the rates of oxidation of Pb into PbSO4 in the composite foam were much lower than those in Pb-grids and the oxidation of the Pb in the positive and negative grids occurred at much lower voltage than that in composite foams.
format	article
author	A. Daoud M.T. Abou El-Khair A.Y. Shenouda F. Fairouz E. Mohamed M.E. Abdel Aziz K. Yanamandra N. Gupta
author_facet	A. Daoud M.T. Abou El-Khair A.Y. Shenouda F. Fairouz E. Mohamed M.E. Abdel Aziz K. Yanamandra N. Gupta
author_sort	A. Daoud
title	Novel Pb alloys based composite foams containing hybrid pores produced by liquid metallurgy for lightweight batteries
title_short	Novel Pb alloys based composite foams containing hybrid pores produced by liquid metallurgy for lightweight batteries
title_full	Novel Pb alloys based composite foams containing hybrid pores produced by liquid metallurgy for lightweight batteries
title_fullStr	Novel Pb alloys based composite foams containing hybrid pores produced by liquid metallurgy for lightweight batteries
title_full_unstemmed	Novel Pb alloys based composite foams containing hybrid pores produced by liquid metallurgy for lightweight batteries
title_sort	novel pb alloys based composite foams containing hybrid pores produced by liquid metallurgy for lightweight batteries
publisher	KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
publishDate	2022
url	https://doaj.org/article/8c1f6fda79f44036abb75ffe31411760
work_keys_str_mv	AT adaoud novelpballoysbasedcompositefoamscontaininghybridporesproducedbyliquidmetallurgyforlightweightbatteries AT mtabouelkhair novelpballoysbasedcompositefoamscontaininghybridporesproducedbyliquidmetallurgyforlightweightbatteries AT ayshenouda novelpballoysbasedcompositefoamscontaininghybridporesproducedbyliquidmetallurgyforlightweightbatteries AT ffairouz novelpballoysbasedcompositefoamscontaininghybridporesproducedbyliquidmetallurgyforlightweightbatteries AT emohamed novelpballoysbasedcompositefoamscontaininghybridporesproducedbyliquidmetallurgyforlightweightbatteries AT meabdelaziz novelpballoysbasedcompositefoamscontaininghybridporesproducedbyliquidmetallurgyforlightweightbatteries AT kyanamandra novelpballoysbasedcompositefoamscontaininghybridporesproducedbyliquidmetallurgyforlightweightbatteries AT ngupta novelpballoysbasedcompositefoamscontaininghybridporesproducedbyliquidmetallurgyforlightweightbatteries
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Novel Pb alloys based composite foams containing hybrid pores produced by liquid metallurgy for lightweight batteries

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