Seismic imaging and petrology explain highly explosive eruptions of Merapi Volcano, Indonesia

Abstract Our seismic tomographic images characterize, for the first time, spatial and volumetric details of the subvertical magma plumbing system of Merapi Volcano. We present P- and S-wave arrival time data, which were collected in a dense seismic network, known as DOMERAPI, installed around the vo...

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Autores principales:	S. Widiyantoro, M. Ramdhan, J.-P. Métaxian, P. R. Cummins, C. Martel, S. Erdmann, A. D. Nugraha, A. Budi-Santoso, A. Laurin, A. A. Fahmi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2018
Materias:	Merapi Merapi Volcano Magma Plumbing System Magma Reservoir Moho Depth Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8c2dc4908b17474b82bf2026a8a0c972
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8c2dc4908b17474b82bf2026a8a0c9722021-12-02T15:08:23ZSeismic imaging and petrology explain highly explosive eruptions of Merapi Volcano, Indonesia10.1038/s41598-018-31293-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/8c2dc4908b17474b82bf2026a8a0c9722018-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-31293-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Our seismic tomographic images characterize, for the first time, spatial and volumetric details of the subvertical magma plumbing system of Merapi Volcano. We present P- and S-wave arrival time data, which were collected in a dense seismic network, known as DOMERAPI, installed around the volcano for 18 months. The P- and S-wave arrival time data with similar path coverage reveal a high Vp/Vs structure extending from a depth of ≥20 km below mean sea level (MSL) up to the summit of the volcano. Combined with results of petrological studies, our seismic tomography data allow us to propose: (1) the existence of a shallow zone of intense fluid percolation, directly below the summit of the volcano; (2) a main, pre-eruptive magma reservoir at ≥ 10 to 20 km below MSL that is orders of magnitude larger than erupted magma volumes; (3) a deep magma reservoir at MOHO depth which supplies the main reservoir; and (4) an extensive, subvertical fluid-magma-transfer zone from the mantle to the surface. Such high-resolution spatial constraints on the volcano plumbing system as shown are an important advance in our ability to forecast and to mitigate the hazard potential of Merapi’s future eruptions.S. WidiyantoroM. RamdhanJ.-P. MétaxianP. R. CumminsC. MartelS. ErdmannA. D. NugrahaA. Budi-SantosoA. LaurinA. A. FahmiNature PortfolioarticleMerapiMerapi VolcanoMagma Plumbing SystemMagma ReservoirMoho DepthMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Merapi Merapi Volcano Magma Plumbing System Magma Reservoir Moho Depth Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Merapi Merapi Volcano Magma Plumbing System Magma Reservoir Moho Depth Medicine R Science Q S. Widiyantoro M. Ramdhan J.-P. Métaxian P. R. Cummins C. Martel S. Erdmann A. D. Nugraha A. Budi-Santoso A. Laurin A. A. Fahmi Seismic imaging and petrology explain highly explosive eruptions of Merapi Volcano, Indonesia
description	Abstract Our seismic tomographic images characterize, for the first time, spatial and volumetric details of the subvertical magma plumbing system of Merapi Volcano. We present P- and S-wave arrival time data, which were collected in a dense seismic network, known as DOMERAPI, installed around the volcano for 18 months. The P- and S-wave arrival time data with similar path coverage reveal a high Vp/Vs structure extending from a depth of ≥20 km below mean sea level (MSL) up to the summit of the volcano. Combined with results of petrological studies, our seismic tomography data allow us to propose: (1) the existence of a shallow zone of intense fluid percolation, directly below the summit of the volcano; (2) a main, pre-eruptive magma reservoir at ≥ 10 to 20 km below MSL that is orders of magnitude larger than erupted magma volumes; (3) a deep magma reservoir at MOHO depth which supplies the main reservoir; and (4) an extensive, subvertical fluid-magma-transfer zone from the mantle to the surface. Such high-resolution spatial constraints on the volcano plumbing system as shown are an important advance in our ability to forecast and to mitigate the hazard potential of Merapi’s future eruptions.
format	article
author	S. Widiyantoro M. Ramdhan J.-P. Métaxian P. R. Cummins C. Martel S. Erdmann A. D. Nugraha A. Budi-Santoso A. Laurin A. A. Fahmi
author_facet	S. Widiyantoro M. Ramdhan J.-P. Métaxian P. R. Cummins C. Martel S. Erdmann A. D. Nugraha A. Budi-Santoso A. Laurin A. A. Fahmi
author_sort	S. Widiyantoro
title	Seismic imaging and petrology explain highly explosive eruptions of Merapi Volcano, Indonesia
title_short	Seismic imaging and petrology explain highly explosive eruptions of Merapi Volcano, Indonesia
title_full	Seismic imaging and petrology explain highly explosive eruptions of Merapi Volcano, Indonesia
title_fullStr	Seismic imaging and petrology explain highly explosive eruptions of Merapi Volcano, Indonesia
title_full_unstemmed	Seismic imaging and petrology explain highly explosive eruptions of Merapi Volcano, Indonesia
title_sort	seismic imaging and petrology explain highly explosive eruptions of merapi volcano, indonesia
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/8c2dc4908b17474b82bf2026a8a0c972
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_version_	1718388134393151488

Seismic imaging and petrology explain highly explosive eruptions of Merapi Volcano, Indonesia

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