Metabolic changes in summer active and anuric hibernating free-ranging brown bears (Ursus arctos).

The brown bear (Ursus arctos) hibernates for 5 to 6 months each winter and during this time ingests no food or water and remains anuric and inactive. Despite these extreme conditions, bears do not develop azotemia and preserve their muscle and bone strength. To date most renal studies have been limi...

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Autores principales: Peter Stenvinkel, Ole Fröbert, Björn Anderstam, Fredrik Palm, Monica Eriksson, Ann-Christin Bragfors-Helin, Abdul Rashid Qureshi, Tobias Larsson, Andrea Friebe, Andreas Zedrosser, Johan Josefsson, My Svensson, Berolla Sahdo, Lise Bankir, Richard J Johnson
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:8c4441db34b043dbadb70b6a675c48ff2021-11-18T08:56:22ZMetabolic changes in summer active and anuric hibernating free-ranging brown bears (Ursus arctos).1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0072934https://doaj.org/article/8c4441db34b043dbadb70b6a675c48ff2013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24039826/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The brown bear (Ursus arctos) hibernates for 5 to 6 months each winter and during this time ingests no food or water and remains anuric and inactive. Despite these extreme conditions, bears do not develop azotemia and preserve their muscle and bone strength. To date most renal studies have been limited to small numbers of bears, often in captive environments. Sixteen free-ranging bears were darted and had blood drawn both during hibernation in winter and summer. Samples were collected for measurement of creatinine and urea, markers of inflammation, the calcium-phosphate axis, and nutritional parameters including amino acids. In winter the bear serum creatinine increased 2.5 fold despite a 2-fold decrease in urea, indicating a remarkable ability to recycle urea nitrogen during hibernation. During hibernation serum calcium remained constant despite a decrease in serum phosphate and a rise in FGF23 levels. Despite prolonged inactivity and reduced renal function, inflammation does not ensue and bears seem to have enhanced antioxidant defense mechanisms during hibernation. Nutrition parameters showed high fat stores, preserved amino acids and mild hyperglycemia during hibernation. While total, essential, non-essential and branched chain amino acids concentrations do not change during hibernation anorexia, changes in individual amino acids ornithine, citrulline and arginine indicate an active, although reduced urea cycle and nitrogen recycling to proteins. Serum uric acid and serum fructose levels were elevated in summer and changes between seasons were positively correlated. Further studies to understand how bears can prevent the development of uremia despite minimal renal function during hibernation could provide new therapeutic avenues for the treatment of human kidney disease.Peter StenvinkelOle FröbertBjörn AnderstamFredrik PalmMonica ErikssonAnn-Christin Bragfors-HelinAbdul Rashid QureshiTobias LarssonAndrea FriebeAndreas ZedrosserJohan JosefssonMy SvenssonBerolla SahdoLise BankirRichard J JohnsonPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 9, p e72934 (2013)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Medicine
R
Science
Q
spellingShingle Medicine
R
Science
Q
Peter Stenvinkel
Ole Fröbert
Björn Anderstam
Fredrik Palm
Monica Eriksson
Ann-Christin Bragfors-Helin
Abdul Rashid Qureshi
Tobias Larsson
Andrea Friebe
Andreas Zedrosser
Johan Josefsson
My Svensson
Berolla Sahdo
Lise Bankir
Richard J Johnson
Metabolic changes in summer active and anuric hibernating free-ranging brown bears (Ursus arctos).
description The brown bear (Ursus arctos) hibernates for 5 to 6 months each winter and during this time ingests no food or water and remains anuric and inactive. Despite these extreme conditions, bears do not develop azotemia and preserve their muscle and bone strength. To date most renal studies have been limited to small numbers of bears, often in captive environments. Sixteen free-ranging bears were darted and had blood drawn both during hibernation in winter and summer. Samples were collected for measurement of creatinine and urea, markers of inflammation, the calcium-phosphate axis, and nutritional parameters including amino acids. In winter the bear serum creatinine increased 2.5 fold despite a 2-fold decrease in urea, indicating a remarkable ability to recycle urea nitrogen during hibernation. During hibernation serum calcium remained constant despite a decrease in serum phosphate and a rise in FGF23 levels. Despite prolonged inactivity and reduced renal function, inflammation does not ensue and bears seem to have enhanced antioxidant defense mechanisms during hibernation. Nutrition parameters showed high fat stores, preserved amino acids and mild hyperglycemia during hibernation. While total, essential, non-essential and branched chain amino acids concentrations do not change during hibernation anorexia, changes in individual amino acids ornithine, citrulline and arginine indicate an active, although reduced urea cycle and nitrogen recycling to proteins. Serum uric acid and serum fructose levels were elevated in summer and changes between seasons were positively correlated. Further studies to understand how bears can prevent the development of uremia despite minimal renal function during hibernation could provide new therapeutic avenues for the treatment of human kidney disease.
format article
author Peter Stenvinkel
Ole Fröbert
Björn Anderstam
Fredrik Palm
Monica Eriksson
Ann-Christin Bragfors-Helin
Abdul Rashid Qureshi
Tobias Larsson
Andrea Friebe
Andreas Zedrosser
Johan Josefsson
My Svensson
Berolla Sahdo
Lise Bankir
Richard J Johnson
author_facet Peter Stenvinkel
Ole Fröbert
Björn Anderstam
Fredrik Palm
Monica Eriksson
Ann-Christin Bragfors-Helin
Abdul Rashid Qureshi
Tobias Larsson
Andrea Friebe
Andreas Zedrosser
Johan Josefsson
My Svensson
Berolla Sahdo
Lise Bankir
Richard J Johnson
author_sort Peter Stenvinkel
title Metabolic changes in summer active and anuric hibernating free-ranging brown bears (Ursus arctos).
title_short Metabolic changes in summer active and anuric hibernating free-ranging brown bears (Ursus arctos).
title_full Metabolic changes in summer active and anuric hibernating free-ranging brown bears (Ursus arctos).
title_fullStr Metabolic changes in summer active and anuric hibernating free-ranging brown bears (Ursus arctos).
title_full_unstemmed Metabolic changes in summer active and anuric hibernating free-ranging brown bears (Ursus arctos).
title_sort metabolic changes in summer active and anuric hibernating free-ranging brown bears (ursus arctos).
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate 2013
url https://doaj.org/article/8c4441db34b043dbadb70b6a675c48ff
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