Characteristics of the earliest cross-neutralizing antibody response to HIV-1.

Recent cross-sectional analyses of HIV-1+ plasmas have indicated that broadly cross-reactive neutralizing antibody responses are developed by 10%-30% of HIV-1+ subjects. The timing of the initial development of such anti-viral responses is unknown. It is also unknown whether the emergence of these r...

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Autores principales:	Iliyana Mikell, D Noah Sather, Spyros A Kalams, Marcus Altfeld, Galit Alter, Leonidas Stamatatos
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8c4e9ec70c854cdd8096fb2dd41a4b24
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8c4e9ec70c854cdd8096fb2dd41a4b242021-11-18T06:03:40ZCharacteristics of the earliest cross-neutralizing antibody response to HIV-1.1553-73661553-737410.1371/journal.ppat.1001251https://doaj.org/article/8c4e9ec70c854cdd8096fb2dd41a4b242011-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21249232/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1553-7366https://doaj.org/toc/1553-7374Recent cross-sectional analyses of HIV-1+ plasmas have indicated that broadly cross-reactive neutralizing antibody responses are developed by 10%-30% of HIV-1+ subjects. The timing of the initial development of such anti-viral responses is unknown. It is also unknown whether the emergence of these responses coincides with the appearance of antibody specificities to a single or multiple regions of the viral envelope glycoprotein (Env). Here we analyzed the cross-neutralizing antibody responses in longitudinal plasmas collected soon after and up to seven years after HIV-1 infection. We find that anti-HIV-1 cross-neutralizing antibody responses first become evident on average at 2.5 years and, in rare cases, as early as 1 year following infection. If cross-neutralizing antibody responses do not develop during the first 2-3 years of infection, they most likely will not do so subsequently. Our results indicate a potential link between the development of cross-neutralizing antibody responses and specific activation markers on T cells, and with plasma viremia levels. The earliest cross-neutralizing antibody response targets a limited number of Env regions, primarily the CD4-binding site and epitopes that are not present on monomeric Env, but on the virion-associated trimeric Env form. In contrast, the neutralizing activities of plasmas from subjects that did not develop cross-neutralizing antibody responses target epitopes on monomeric gp120 other than the CD4-BS. Our study provides information that is not only relevant to better understanding the interaction of the human immune system with HIV but may guide the development of effective immunization protocols. Since antibodies to complex epitopes that are present on the virion-associated envelope spike appear to be key components of earliest cross-neutralizing activities of HIV-1+ plasmas, then emphasis should be made to elicit similar antibodies by vaccination.Iliyana MikellD Noah SatherSpyros A KalamsMarcus AltfeldGalit AlterLeonidas StamatatosPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607Biology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Pathogens, Vol 7, Iss 1, p e1001251 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Iliyana Mikell D Noah Sather Spyros A Kalams Marcus Altfeld Galit Alter Leonidas Stamatatos Characteristics of the earliest cross-neutralizing antibody response to HIV-1.
description	Recent cross-sectional analyses of HIV-1+ plasmas have indicated that broadly cross-reactive neutralizing antibody responses are developed by 10%-30% of HIV-1+ subjects. The timing of the initial development of such anti-viral responses is unknown. It is also unknown whether the emergence of these responses coincides with the appearance of antibody specificities to a single or multiple regions of the viral envelope glycoprotein (Env). Here we analyzed the cross-neutralizing antibody responses in longitudinal plasmas collected soon after and up to seven years after HIV-1 infection. We find that anti-HIV-1 cross-neutralizing antibody responses first become evident on average at 2.5 years and, in rare cases, as early as 1 year following infection. If cross-neutralizing antibody responses do not develop during the first 2-3 years of infection, they most likely will not do so subsequently. Our results indicate a potential link between the development of cross-neutralizing antibody responses and specific activation markers on T cells, and with plasma viremia levels. The earliest cross-neutralizing antibody response targets a limited number of Env regions, primarily the CD4-binding site and epitopes that are not present on monomeric Env, but on the virion-associated trimeric Env form. In contrast, the neutralizing activities of plasmas from subjects that did not develop cross-neutralizing antibody responses target epitopes on monomeric gp120 other than the CD4-BS. Our study provides information that is not only relevant to better understanding the interaction of the human immune system with HIV but may guide the development of effective immunization protocols. Since antibodies to complex epitopes that are present on the virion-associated envelope spike appear to be key components of earliest cross-neutralizing activities of HIV-1+ plasmas, then emphasis should be made to elicit similar antibodies by vaccination.
format	article
author	Iliyana Mikell D Noah Sather Spyros A Kalams Marcus Altfeld Galit Alter Leonidas Stamatatos
author_facet	Iliyana Mikell D Noah Sather Spyros A Kalams Marcus Altfeld Galit Alter Leonidas Stamatatos
author_sort	Iliyana Mikell
title	Characteristics of the earliest cross-neutralizing antibody response to HIV-1.
title_short	Characteristics of the earliest cross-neutralizing antibody response to HIV-1.
title_full	Characteristics of the earliest cross-neutralizing antibody response to HIV-1.
title_fullStr	Characteristics of the earliest cross-neutralizing antibody response to HIV-1.
title_full_unstemmed	Characteristics of the earliest cross-neutralizing antibody response to HIV-1.
title_sort	characteristics of the earliest cross-neutralizing antibody response to hiv-1.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/8c4e9ec70c854cdd8096fb2dd41a4b24
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_version_	1718424679712030720

Characteristics of the earliest cross-neutralizing antibody response to HIV-1.

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