Threats Posed by the Fungal Kingdom to Humans, Wildlife, and Agriculture

ABSTRACT The fungal kingdom includes at least 6 million eukaryotic species and is remarkable with respect to its profound impact on global health, biodiversity, ecology, agriculture, manufacturing, and biomedical research. Approximately 625 fungal species have been reported to infect vertebrates, 20...

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Autores principales:	Matthew C. Fisher, Sarah J. Gurr, Christina A. Cuomo, David S. Blehert, Hailing Jin, Eva H. Stukenbrock, Jason E. Stajich, Regine Kahmann, Charles Boone, David W. Denning, Neil A. R. Gow, Bruce S. Klein, James W. Kronstad, Donald C. Sheppard, John W. Taylor, Gerard D. Wright, Joseph Heitman, Arturo Casadevall, Leah E. Cowen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	American Society for Microbiology 2020
Materias:	antifungal resistance biodiversity food security fungal pathogens global health medical mycology Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8c649275c60c4df9be815af66d7eb2a4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8c649275c60c4df9be815af66d7eb2a42021-11-15T15:56:47ZThreats Posed by the Fungal Kingdom to Humans, Wildlife, and Agriculture10.1128/mBio.00449-202150-7511https://doaj.org/article/8c649275c60c4df9be815af66d7eb2a42020-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.00449-20https://doaj.org/toc/2150-7511ABSTRACT The fungal kingdom includes at least 6 million eukaryotic species and is remarkable with respect to its profound impact on global health, biodiversity, ecology, agriculture, manufacturing, and biomedical research. Approximately 625 fungal species have been reported to infect vertebrates, 200 of which can be human associated, either as commensals and members of our microbiome or as pathogens that cause infectious diseases. These organisms pose a growing threat to human health with the global increase in the incidence of invasive fungal infections, prevalence of fungal allergy, and the evolution of fungal pathogens resistant to some or all current classes of antifungals. More broadly, there has been an unprecedented and worldwide emergence of fungal pathogens affecting animal and plant biodiversity. Approximately 8,000 species of fungi and Oomycetes are associated with plant disease. Indeed, across agriculture, such fungal diseases of plants include new devastating epidemics of trees and jeopardize food security worldwide by causing epidemics in staple and commodity crops that feed billions. Further, ingestion of mycotoxins contributes to ill health and causes cancer. Coordinated international research efforts, enhanced technology translation, and greater policy outreach by scientists are needed to more fully understand the biology and drivers that underlie the emergence of fungal diseases and to mitigate against their impacts. Here, we focus on poignant examples of emerging fungal threats in each of three areas: human health, wildlife biodiversity, and food security.Matthew C. FisherSarah J. GurrChristina A. CuomoDavid S. BlehertHailing JinEva H. StukenbrockJason E. StajichRegine KahmannCharles BooneDavid W. DenningNeil A. R. GowBruce S. KleinJames W. KronstadDonald C. SheppardJohn W. TaylorGerard D. WrightJoseph HeitmanArturo CasadevallLeah E. CowenAmerican Society for Microbiologyarticleantifungal resistancebiodiversityfood securityfungal pathogensglobal healthmedical mycologyMicrobiologyQR1-502ENmBio, Vol 11, Iss 3 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	antifungal resistance biodiversity food security fungal pathogens global health medical mycology Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	antifungal resistance biodiversity food security fungal pathogens global health medical mycology Microbiology QR1-502 Matthew C. Fisher Sarah J. Gurr Christina A. Cuomo David S. Blehert Hailing Jin Eva H. Stukenbrock Jason E. Stajich Regine Kahmann Charles Boone David W. Denning Neil A. R. Gow Bruce S. Klein James W. Kronstad Donald C. Sheppard John W. Taylor Gerard D. Wright Joseph Heitman Arturo Casadevall Leah E. Cowen Threats Posed by the Fungal Kingdom to Humans, Wildlife, and Agriculture
description	ABSTRACT The fungal kingdom includes at least 6 million eukaryotic species and is remarkable with respect to its profound impact on global health, biodiversity, ecology, agriculture, manufacturing, and biomedical research. Approximately 625 fungal species have been reported to infect vertebrates, 200 of which can be human associated, either as commensals and members of our microbiome or as pathogens that cause infectious diseases. These organisms pose a growing threat to human health with the global increase in the incidence of invasive fungal infections, prevalence of fungal allergy, and the evolution of fungal pathogens resistant to some or all current classes of antifungals. More broadly, there has been an unprecedented and worldwide emergence of fungal pathogens affecting animal and plant biodiversity. Approximately 8,000 species of fungi and Oomycetes are associated with plant disease. Indeed, across agriculture, such fungal diseases of plants include new devastating epidemics of trees and jeopardize food security worldwide by causing epidemics in staple and commodity crops that feed billions. Further, ingestion of mycotoxins contributes to ill health and causes cancer. Coordinated international research efforts, enhanced technology translation, and greater policy outreach by scientists are needed to more fully understand the biology and drivers that underlie the emergence of fungal diseases and to mitigate against their impacts. Here, we focus on poignant examples of emerging fungal threats in each of three areas: human health, wildlife biodiversity, and food security.
format	article
author	Matthew C. Fisher Sarah J. Gurr Christina A. Cuomo David S. Blehert Hailing Jin Eva H. Stukenbrock Jason E. Stajich Regine Kahmann Charles Boone David W. Denning Neil A. R. Gow Bruce S. Klein James W. Kronstad Donald C. Sheppard John W. Taylor Gerard D. Wright Joseph Heitman Arturo Casadevall Leah E. Cowen
author_facet	Matthew C. Fisher Sarah J. Gurr Christina A. Cuomo David S. Blehert Hailing Jin Eva H. Stukenbrock Jason E. Stajich Regine Kahmann Charles Boone David W. Denning Neil A. R. Gow Bruce S. Klein James W. Kronstad Donald C. Sheppard John W. Taylor Gerard D. Wright Joseph Heitman Arturo Casadevall Leah E. Cowen
author_sort	Matthew C. Fisher
title	Threats Posed by the Fungal Kingdom to Humans, Wildlife, and Agriculture
title_short	Threats Posed by the Fungal Kingdom to Humans, Wildlife, and Agriculture
title_full	Threats Posed by the Fungal Kingdom to Humans, Wildlife, and Agriculture
title_fullStr	Threats Posed by the Fungal Kingdom to Humans, Wildlife, and Agriculture
title_full_unstemmed	Threats Posed by the Fungal Kingdom to Humans, Wildlife, and Agriculture
title_sort	threats posed by the fungal kingdom to humans, wildlife, and agriculture
publisher	American Society for Microbiology
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/8c649275c60c4df9be815af66d7eb2a4
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Threats Posed by the Fungal Kingdom to Humans, Wildlife, and Agriculture

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