The dynamic impact behavior of the human neurocranium

Abstract Realistic biomechanical models of the human head should accurately reflect the mechanical properties of all neurocranial bones. Previous studies predominantly focused on static testing setups, males, restricted age ranges and scarcely investigated the temporal area. This given study determi...

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Autores principales:	Johann Zwirner, Benjamin Ondruschka, Mario Scholze, Joshua Workman, Ashvin Thambyah, Niels Hammer
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8cabde69be834a9b843d0721492a828b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8cabde69be834a9b843d0721492a828b2021-12-02T17:50:41ZThe dynamic impact behavior of the human neurocranium10.1038/s41598-021-90322-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/8cabde69be834a9b843d0721492a828b2021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-90322-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Realistic biomechanical models of the human head should accurately reflect the mechanical properties of all neurocranial bones. Previous studies predominantly focused on static testing setups, males, restricted age ranges and scarcely investigated the temporal area. This given study determined the biomechanical properties of 64 human neurocranial samples (age range of 3 weeks to 94 years) using testing velocities of 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5 m/s in a three-point bending setup. Maximum forces were higher with increasing testing velocities (p ≤ 0.031) but bending strengths only revealed insignificant increases (p ≥ 0.052). The maximum force positively correlated with the sample thickness (p ≤ 0.012 at 2.0 m/s and 3.0 m/s) and bending strength negatively correlated with both age (p ≤ 0.041) and sample thickness (p ≤ 0.036). All parameters were independent of sex (p ≥ 0.120) apart from a higher bending strength of females (p = 0.040) for the 3.5 -m/s group. All parameters were independent of the post mortem interval (p ≥ 0.061). This study provides novel insights into the dynamic mechanical properties of distinct neurocranial bones over an age range spanning almost one century. It is concluded that the former are age-, site- and thickness-dependent, whereas sex dependence needs further investigation.Johann ZwirnerBenjamin OndruschkaMario ScholzeJoshua WorkmanAshvin ThambyahNiels HammerNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Johann Zwirner Benjamin Ondruschka Mario Scholze Joshua Workman Ashvin Thambyah Niels Hammer The dynamic impact behavior of the human neurocranium
description	Abstract Realistic biomechanical models of the human head should accurately reflect the mechanical properties of all neurocranial bones. Previous studies predominantly focused on static testing setups, males, restricted age ranges and scarcely investigated the temporal area. This given study determined the biomechanical properties of 64 human neurocranial samples (age range of 3 weeks to 94 years) using testing velocities of 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5 m/s in a three-point bending setup. Maximum forces were higher with increasing testing velocities (p ≤ 0.031) but bending strengths only revealed insignificant increases (p ≥ 0.052). The maximum force positively correlated with the sample thickness (p ≤ 0.012 at 2.0 m/s and 3.0 m/s) and bending strength negatively correlated with both age (p ≤ 0.041) and sample thickness (p ≤ 0.036). All parameters were independent of sex (p ≥ 0.120) apart from a higher bending strength of females (p = 0.040) for the 3.5 -m/s group. All parameters were independent of the post mortem interval (p ≥ 0.061). This study provides novel insights into the dynamic mechanical properties of distinct neurocranial bones over an age range spanning almost one century. It is concluded that the former are age-, site- and thickness-dependent, whereas sex dependence needs further investigation.
format	article
author	Johann Zwirner Benjamin Ondruschka Mario Scholze Joshua Workman Ashvin Thambyah Niels Hammer
author_facet	Johann Zwirner Benjamin Ondruschka Mario Scholze Joshua Workman Ashvin Thambyah Niels Hammer
author_sort	Johann Zwirner
title	The dynamic impact behavior of the human neurocranium
title_short	The dynamic impact behavior of the human neurocranium
title_full	The dynamic impact behavior of the human neurocranium
title_fullStr	The dynamic impact behavior of the human neurocranium
title_full_unstemmed	The dynamic impact behavior of the human neurocranium
title_sort	dynamic impact behavior of the human neurocranium
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8cabde69be834a9b843d0721492a828b
work_keys_str_mv	AT johannzwirner thedynamicimpactbehaviorofthehumanneurocranium AT benjaminondruschka thedynamicimpactbehaviorofthehumanneurocranium AT marioscholze thedynamicimpactbehaviorofthehumanneurocranium AT joshuaworkman thedynamicimpactbehaviorofthehumanneurocranium AT ashvinthambyah thedynamicimpactbehaviorofthehumanneurocranium AT nielshammer thedynamicimpactbehaviorofthehumanneurocranium AT johannzwirner dynamicimpactbehaviorofthehumanneurocranium AT benjaminondruschka dynamicimpactbehaviorofthehumanneurocranium AT marioscholze dynamicimpactbehaviorofthehumanneurocranium AT joshuaworkman dynamicimpactbehaviorofthehumanneurocranium AT ashvinthambyah dynamicimpactbehaviorofthehumanneurocranium AT nielshammer dynamicimpactbehaviorofthehumanneurocranium
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The dynamic impact behavior of the human neurocranium

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