Mining, Urban Growth, and Agrarian Changes in the Atacama Desert: The Case of the Calama Oasis in Northern Chile

Since the mid-twentieth century, Latin American rural territories have undergone significant transformations. One of the leading causes is the expansion of large-scale operations that exploit natural resources for world market exportation with low processing. In this paper, we study the changes in a...

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Autores principales:	Matías Calderón-Seguel, Manuel Prieto, Oliver Meseguer-Ruiz, Freddy Viñales, Paulina Hidalgo, Elías Esper
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	extractivism capitalist periphery rurality urbanization rural-urban pluriactivity deagrarianization Agriculture S
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8ccde327a74547b292f1208a3d85de05
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:8ccde327a74547b292f1208a3d85de05
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8ccde327a74547b292f1208a3d85de052021-11-25T18:10:08ZMining, Urban Growth, and Agrarian Changes in the Atacama Desert: The Case of the Calama Oasis in Northern Chile10.3390/land101112622073-445Xhttps://doaj.org/article/8ccde327a74547b292f1208a3d85de052021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/10/11/1262https://doaj.org/toc/2073-445XSince the mid-twentieth century, Latin American rural territories have undergone significant transformations. One of the leading causes is the expansion of large-scale operations that exploit natural resources for world market exportation with low processing. In this paper, we study the changes in agricultural activities, livestock, and land use in the Calama oasis (the Atacama Desert, northern Chile) in relation to the growth of large-scale copper mining and other chained processes (urbanization and increased demand for water resources); based on a mixed methodology combining descriptive statistics, archival and bibliographic review, ethnography, and spatial analysis. We present the results through a historical reconstruction of the analyzed dimensions and their relationships, accounting for contradictory dynamics in time and space. We identify how mining and urban growth promote some agricultural and livestock activities under certain economic and political conditions, while in other contexts, these activities have been severely weakened, seeing increasing urbanization of rural land, rural-urban pluriactivity, and a growing deagrarianization.Matías Calderón-SeguelManuel PrietoOliver Meseguer-RuizFreddy ViñalesPaulina HidalgoElías EsperMDPI AGarticleextractivismcapitalist peripheryruralityurbanizationrural-urban pluriactivitydeagrarianizationAgricultureSENLand, Vol 10, Iss 1262, p 1262 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	extractivism capitalist periphery rurality urbanization rural-urban pluriactivity deagrarianization Agriculture S
spellingShingle	extractivism capitalist periphery rurality urbanization rural-urban pluriactivity deagrarianization Agriculture S Matías Calderón-Seguel Manuel Prieto Oliver Meseguer-Ruiz Freddy Viñales Paulina Hidalgo Elías Esper Mining, Urban Growth, and Agrarian Changes in the Atacama Desert: The Case of the Calama Oasis in Northern Chile
description	Since the mid-twentieth century, Latin American rural territories have undergone significant transformations. One of the leading causes is the expansion of large-scale operations that exploit natural resources for world market exportation with low processing. In this paper, we study the changes in agricultural activities, livestock, and land use in the Calama oasis (the Atacama Desert, northern Chile) in relation to the growth of large-scale copper mining and other chained processes (urbanization and increased demand for water resources); based on a mixed methodology combining descriptive statistics, archival and bibliographic review, ethnography, and spatial analysis. We present the results through a historical reconstruction of the analyzed dimensions and their relationships, accounting for contradictory dynamics in time and space. We identify how mining and urban growth promote some agricultural and livestock activities under certain economic and political conditions, while in other contexts, these activities have been severely weakened, seeing increasing urbanization of rural land, rural-urban pluriactivity, and a growing deagrarianization.
format	article
author	Matías Calderón-Seguel Manuel Prieto Oliver Meseguer-Ruiz Freddy Viñales Paulina Hidalgo Elías Esper
author_facet	Matías Calderón-Seguel Manuel Prieto Oliver Meseguer-Ruiz Freddy Viñales Paulina Hidalgo Elías Esper
author_sort	Matías Calderón-Seguel
title	Mining, Urban Growth, and Agrarian Changes in the Atacama Desert: The Case of the Calama Oasis in Northern Chile
title_short	Mining, Urban Growth, and Agrarian Changes in the Atacama Desert: The Case of the Calama Oasis in Northern Chile
title_full	Mining, Urban Growth, and Agrarian Changes in the Atacama Desert: The Case of the Calama Oasis in Northern Chile
title_fullStr	Mining, Urban Growth, and Agrarian Changes in the Atacama Desert: The Case of the Calama Oasis in Northern Chile
title_full_unstemmed	Mining, Urban Growth, and Agrarian Changes in the Atacama Desert: The Case of the Calama Oasis in Northern Chile
title_sort	mining, urban growth, and agrarian changes in the atacama desert: the case of the calama oasis in northern chile
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8ccde327a74547b292f1208a3d85de05
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Mining, Urban Growth, and Agrarian Changes in the Atacama Desert: The Case of the Calama Oasis in Northern Chile

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