Habitat characteristics and animal management factors associated with habitat use by bottlenose dolphins in zoological environments.

The way an animal uses its habitat can serve as an indicator of habitat appropriateness for the species and individuals. Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus and Tursiops aduncus) in accredited zoos and aquariums experience a range of habitat types and management programs that provide opportuniti...

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Autores principales:	Lisa K Lauderdale, K Alex Shorter, Ding Zhang, Joaquin Gabaldon, Jill D Mellen, Michael T Walsh, Douglas A Granger, Lance J Miller
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8cd2acfd1ed843abb516babd89a5af55
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8cd2acfd1ed843abb516babd89a5af552021-12-02T20:17:30ZHabitat characteristics and animal management factors associated with habitat use by bottlenose dolphins in zoological environments.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0252010https://doaj.org/article/8cd2acfd1ed843abb516babd89a5af552021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252010https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The way an animal uses its habitat can serve as an indicator of habitat appropriateness for the species and individuals. Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus and Tursiops aduncus) in accredited zoos and aquariums experience a range of habitat types and management programs that provide opportunities for dolphins to engage in species-appropriate behaviors and potentially influence their individual and group welfare. Data in the present study were collected as part of a larger study titled "Towards understanding the welfare of cetaceans in zoos and aquariums" (colloquially called the Cetacean Welfare Study). Non-invasive bio-logging devices (Movement Tags) recorded the diving behavior and vertical habitat movements of 60 bottlenose dolphins at 31 zoos and aquariums that were accredited by the Alliance for Marine Mammal Parks and Aquariums and/or the Association of Zoos & Aquariums. Bottlenose dolphins wore a Movement Tag one day per week for two five-week data collection periods. Demographic variables, environmental enrichment programs, training programs, and habitat characteristics were associated with habitat usage. Longer dive durations and use of the bottom third of the habitat were associated with higher enrichment program index values. Dolphins receiving new enrichment on a monthly/weekly schedule also used the bottom third of the habitat more often than those receiving new enrichment on a yearly/year+ schedule. Dolphins that were managed in a group that was split into smaller subgroups during the day and were reunited into one group at night spent less time in the top third of the habitat than those who remained in a single group with consistent members at all times. Dolphins that were managed as subgroups with rotating members but were never united as one group spent less time in the bottom third of the habitat than those who remained in a single group with consistent members at all times. Taken together, the results suggested that management practices, such as enrichment and training programs, played a greater role in how dolphins interacted with their environment relative to the physical characteristics of the habitat.Lisa K LauderdaleK Alex ShorterDing ZhangJoaquin GabaldonJill D MellenMichael T WalshDouglas A GrangerLance J MillerPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e0252010 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Lisa K Lauderdale K Alex Shorter Ding Zhang Joaquin Gabaldon Jill D Mellen Michael T Walsh Douglas A Granger Lance J Miller Habitat characteristics and animal management factors associated with habitat use by bottlenose dolphins in zoological environments.
description	The way an animal uses its habitat can serve as an indicator of habitat appropriateness for the species and individuals. Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus and Tursiops aduncus) in accredited zoos and aquariums experience a range of habitat types and management programs that provide opportunities for dolphins to engage in species-appropriate behaviors and potentially influence their individual and group welfare. Data in the present study were collected as part of a larger study titled "Towards understanding the welfare of cetaceans in zoos and aquariums" (colloquially called the Cetacean Welfare Study). Non-invasive bio-logging devices (Movement Tags) recorded the diving behavior and vertical habitat movements of 60 bottlenose dolphins at 31 zoos and aquariums that were accredited by the Alliance for Marine Mammal Parks and Aquariums and/or the Association of Zoos & Aquariums. Bottlenose dolphins wore a Movement Tag one day per week for two five-week data collection periods. Demographic variables, environmental enrichment programs, training programs, and habitat characteristics were associated with habitat usage. Longer dive durations and use of the bottom third of the habitat were associated with higher enrichment program index values. Dolphins receiving new enrichment on a monthly/weekly schedule also used the bottom third of the habitat more often than those receiving new enrichment on a yearly/year+ schedule. Dolphins that were managed in a group that was split into smaller subgroups during the day and were reunited into one group at night spent less time in the top third of the habitat than those who remained in a single group with consistent members at all times. Dolphins that were managed as subgroups with rotating members but were never united as one group spent less time in the bottom third of the habitat than those who remained in a single group with consistent members at all times. Taken together, the results suggested that management practices, such as enrichment and training programs, played a greater role in how dolphins interacted with their environment relative to the physical characteristics of the habitat.
format	article
author	Lisa K Lauderdale K Alex Shorter Ding Zhang Joaquin Gabaldon Jill D Mellen Michael T Walsh Douglas A Granger Lance J Miller
author_facet	Lisa K Lauderdale K Alex Shorter Ding Zhang Joaquin Gabaldon Jill D Mellen Michael T Walsh Douglas A Granger Lance J Miller
author_sort	Lisa K Lauderdale
title	Habitat characteristics and animal management factors associated with habitat use by bottlenose dolphins in zoological environments.
title_short	Habitat characteristics and animal management factors associated with habitat use by bottlenose dolphins in zoological environments.
title_full	Habitat characteristics and animal management factors associated with habitat use by bottlenose dolphins in zoological environments.
title_fullStr	Habitat characteristics and animal management factors associated with habitat use by bottlenose dolphins in zoological environments.
title_full_unstemmed	Habitat characteristics and animal management factors associated with habitat use by bottlenose dolphins in zoological environments.
title_sort	habitat characteristics and animal management factors associated with habitat use by bottlenose dolphins in zoological environments.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8cd2acfd1ed843abb516babd89a5af55
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Habitat characteristics and animal management factors associated with habitat use by bottlenose dolphins in zoological environments.

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