Application of Radiosensitizers in Cancer Radiotherapy

Liuyun Gong,1 Yujie Zhang,2,3 Chengcheng Liu,2 Mingzhen Zhang,2,3 Suxia Han1 1Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710061, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaoton...

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Autores principales:	Gong L, Zhang Y, Liu C, Zhang M, Han S
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2021
Materias:	radiosensitizers cancer radiotherapy therapeutics nanomedicine mechanism Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8cfdf3a0b6c14654801e49a20dcd8c1d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8cfdf3a0b6c14654801e49a20dcd8c1d2021-12-02T16:06:11ZApplication of Radiosensitizers in Cancer Radiotherapy1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/8cfdf3a0b6c14654801e49a20dcd8c1d2021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/application-of-radiosensitizers-in-cancer-radiotherapy-peer-reviewed-article-IJNhttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Liuyun Gong,1 Yujie Zhang,2,3 Chengcheng Liu,2 Mingzhen Zhang,2,3 Suxia Han1 1Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710061, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710061, People’s Republic of China; 3Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710061, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Mingzhen Zhang; Suxia Han Email mzhang21@xjtu.edu.cn; shan87@xjtu.edu.cnAbstract: Radiotherapy (RT) is a cancer treatment that uses high doses of radiation to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. Although great success has been achieved on radiotherapy, there is still an intractable challenge to enhance radiation damage to tumor tissue and reduce side effects to healthy tissue. Radiosensitizers are chemicals or pharmaceutical agents that can enhance the killing effect on tumor cells by accelerating DNA damage and producing free radicals indirectly. In most cases, radiosensitizers have less effect on normal tissues. In recent years, several strategies have been exploited to develop radiosensitizers that are highly effective and have low toxicity. In this review, we first summarized the applications of radiosensitizers including small molecules, macromolecules, and nanomaterials, especially those that have been used in clinical trials. Second, the development states of radiosensitizers and the possible mechanisms to improve radiosensitizers sensibility are reviewed. Third, the challenges and prospects for clinical translation of radiosensitizers in oncotherapy are presented.Keywords: radiosensitizers, cancer radiotherapy, therapeutics, nanomedicine, mechanismGong LZhang YLiu CZhang MHan SDove Medical Pressarticleradiosensitizerscancer radiotherapytherapeuticsnanomedicinemechanismMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol Volume 16, Pp 1083-1102 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	radiosensitizers cancer radiotherapy therapeutics nanomedicine mechanism Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	radiosensitizers cancer radiotherapy therapeutics nanomedicine mechanism Medicine (General) R5-920 Gong L Zhang Y Liu C Zhang M Han S Application of Radiosensitizers in Cancer Radiotherapy
description	Liuyun Gong,1 Yujie Zhang,2,3 Chengcheng Liu,2 Mingzhen Zhang,2,3 Suxia Han1 1Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710061, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710061, People’s Republic of China; 3Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710061, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Mingzhen Zhang; Suxia Han Email mzhang21@xjtu.edu.cn; shan87@xjtu.edu.cnAbstract: Radiotherapy (RT) is a cancer treatment that uses high doses of radiation to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. Although great success has been achieved on radiotherapy, there is still an intractable challenge to enhance radiation damage to tumor tissue and reduce side effects to healthy tissue. Radiosensitizers are chemicals or pharmaceutical agents that can enhance the killing effect on tumor cells by accelerating DNA damage and producing free radicals indirectly. In most cases, radiosensitizers have less effect on normal tissues. In recent years, several strategies have been exploited to develop radiosensitizers that are highly effective and have low toxicity. In this review, we first summarized the applications of radiosensitizers including small molecules, macromolecules, and nanomaterials, especially those that have been used in clinical trials. Second, the development states of radiosensitizers and the possible mechanisms to improve radiosensitizers sensibility are reviewed. Third, the challenges and prospects for clinical translation of radiosensitizers in oncotherapy are presented.Keywords: radiosensitizers, cancer radiotherapy, therapeutics, nanomedicine, mechanism
format	article
author	Gong L Zhang Y Liu C Zhang M Han S
author_facet	Gong L Zhang Y Liu C Zhang M Han S
author_sort	Gong L
title	Application of Radiosensitizers in Cancer Radiotherapy
title_short	Application of Radiosensitizers in Cancer Radiotherapy
title_full	Application of Radiosensitizers in Cancer Radiotherapy
title_fullStr	Application of Radiosensitizers in Cancer Radiotherapy
title_full_unstemmed	Application of Radiosensitizers in Cancer Radiotherapy
title_sort	application of radiosensitizers in cancer radiotherapy
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8cfdf3a0b6c14654801e49a20dcd8c1d
work_keys_str_mv	AT gongl applicationofradiosensitizersincancerradiotherapy AT zhangy applicationofradiosensitizersincancerradiotherapy AT liuc applicationofradiosensitizersincancerradiotherapy AT zhangm applicationofradiosensitizersincancerradiotherapy AT hans applicationofradiosensitizersincancerradiotherapy
_version_	1718385100884803584

Application of Radiosensitizers in Cancer Radiotherapy

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