Attractin Participates in Schizophrenia by Affecting Testosterone Levels

Attractin (ATRN) is a widely expressed glycoprotein that is involved in energy homeostasis, neurodevelopment, and immune response. It is encoded by a gene spanning 180 kb on chromosome 20p13, a region previously implicated in schizophrenia by linkage studies. To address a possible role of ATRN in di...

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Autores principales:	Nan Li, Shuzhan Gao, Shuang Wang, Sijie He, Jiayin Wang, Luqingqing He, Dongya Jiang, Yun Stone Shi, Jianguo Zhang, Yuan Gu, Tian Chen, Mingjun Kong, Xijia Xu, Qingshun Zhao
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	ATRN schizophrenia zebrafish behavior testosterone Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8cfea9d2d54f400a948f755734ef30ef
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8cfea9d2d54f400a948f755734ef30ef2021-11-11T08:54:25ZAttractin Participates in Schizophrenia by Affecting Testosterone Levels2296-634X10.3389/fcell.2021.755165https://doaj.org/article/8cfea9d2d54f400a948f755734ef30ef2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2021.755165/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2296-634XAttractin (ATRN) is a widely expressed glycoprotein that is involved in energy homeostasis, neurodevelopment, and immune response. It is encoded by a gene spanning 180 kb on chromosome 20p13, a region previously implicated in schizophrenia by linkage studies. To address a possible role of ATRN in disorders of the central nervous system, we created an atrn knockout zebrafish line and performed behavioral tests. Adult atrn–/– zebrafish exhibited more pronounced attack behavior relative to wild-type control zebrafish in a tracking analysis. Biochemical analysis revealed elevated testosterone levels in atrn–/– zebrafish. At the gene expression level, we noted an upregulation of cyp51 and hsd17b7, key proteins in testosterone synthesis in the brains of both adult and larvae of atrn–/– zebrafish. In order to further elucidate the relationship between testosterone and behavioral syndromes, we then compared testosterone levels of 9,008 psychiatric patients and 247 healthy controls from the same catchment area. Of all subjects examined, male subjects with schizophrenia exhibited lower testosterone levels compared with controls. In contrast, female subjects with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder featured higher testosterone levels than did same sex controls. Purposeful sampling of extreme groups showed reduced ATRN expression in a subset of these subjects. Finally, we identified 14 subjects with ATRN mutations. All of whom displayed abnormal testosterone levels. In summary, the interplay of ATRN and testosterone may help to explain sexual dimorphisms in selected behavioral phenotypes.Nan LiShuzhan GaoShuang WangSijie HeJiayin WangLuqingqing HeDongya JiangYun Stone ShiJianguo ZhangYuan GuTian ChenMingjun KongXijia XuXijia XuQingshun ZhaoFrontiers Media S.A.articleATRNschizophreniazebrafishbehaviortestosteroneBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENFrontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Vol 9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	ATRN schizophrenia zebrafish behavior testosterone Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	ATRN schizophrenia zebrafish behavior testosterone Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Nan Li Shuzhan Gao Shuang Wang Sijie He Jiayin Wang Luqingqing He Dongya Jiang Yun Stone Shi Jianguo Zhang Yuan Gu Tian Chen Mingjun Kong Xijia Xu Xijia Xu Qingshun Zhao Attractin Participates in Schizophrenia by Affecting Testosterone Levels
description	Attractin (ATRN) is a widely expressed glycoprotein that is involved in energy homeostasis, neurodevelopment, and immune response. It is encoded by a gene spanning 180 kb on chromosome 20p13, a region previously implicated in schizophrenia by linkage studies. To address a possible role of ATRN in disorders of the central nervous system, we created an atrn knockout zebrafish line and performed behavioral tests. Adult atrn–/– zebrafish exhibited more pronounced attack behavior relative to wild-type control zebrafish in a tracking analysis. Biochemical analysis revealed elevated testosterone levels in atrn–/– zebrafish. At the gene expression level, we noted an upregulation of cyp51 and hsd17b7, key proteins in testosterone synthesis in the brains of both adult and larvae of atrn–/– zebrafish. In order to further elucidate the relationship between testosterone and behavioral syndromes, we then compared testosterone levels of 9,008 psychiatric patients and 247 healthy controls from the same catchment area. Of all subjects examined, male subjects with schizophrenia exhibited lower testosterone levels compared with controls. In contrast, female subjects with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder featured higher testosterone levels than did same sex controls. Purposeful sampling of extreme groups showed reduced ATRN expression in a subset of these subjects. Finally, we identified 14 subjects with ATRN mutations. All of whom displayed abnormal testosterone levels. In summary, the interplay of ATRN and testosterone may help to explain sexual dimorphisms in selected behavioral phenotypes.
format	article
author	Nan Li Shuzhan Gao Shuang Wang Sijie He Jiayin Wang Luqingqing He Dongya Jiang Yun Stone Shi Jianguo Zhang Yuan Gu Tian Chen Mingjun Kong Xijia Xu Xijia Xu Qingshun Zhao
author_facet	Nan Li Shuzhan Gao Shuang Wang Sijie He Jiayin Wang Luqingqing He Dongya Jiang Yun Stone Shi Jianguo Zhang Yuan Gu Tian Chen Mingjun Kong Xijia Xu Xijia Xu Qingshun Zhao
author_sort	Nan Li
title	Attractin Participates in Schizophrenia by Affecting Testosterone Levels
title_short	Attractin Participates in Schizophrenia by Affecting Testosterone Levels
title_full	Attractin Participates in Schizophrenia by Affecting Testosterone Levels
title_fullStr	Attractin Participates in Schizophrenia by Affecting Testosterone Levels
title_full_unstemmed	Attractin Participates in Schizophrenia by Affecting Testosterone Levels
title_sort	attractin participates in schizophrenia by affecting testosterone levels
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8cfea9d2d54f400a948f755734ef30ef
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_version_	1718439329007665152

Attractin Participates in Schizophrenia by Affecting Testosterone Levels

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