Greater osteoblast proliferation on anodized nanotubular titanium upon electrical stimulation

Batur Ercan1, Thomas J Webster1,21Division of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; 2Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brown University, Providence, RI, USAAbstract: Currently used orthopedic implants composed of titanium have a limited functional lifetime of only 10&ndash;15 y...

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Autores principales:	Batur Ercan, Thomas J Webster
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2008
Materias:	Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8d113c4b6dca4f1fb2c9d90e3975c75f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8d113c4b6dca4f1fb2c9d90e3975c75f2021-12-02T07:47:37ZGreater osteoblast proliferation on anodized nanotubular titanium upon electrical stimulation1176-91141178-2013https://doaj.org/article/8d113c4b6dca4f1fb2c9d90e3975c75f2008-08-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/greater-osteoblast-proliferation-on-anodized-nanotubular-titanium-upon-a1986https://doaj.org/toc/1176-9114https://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Batur Ercan1, Thomas J Webster1,21Division of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; 2Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brown University, Providence, RI, USAAbstract: Currently used orthopedic implants composed of titanium have a limited functional lifetime of only 10&ndash;15 years. One of the reasons for this persistent problem is the poor prolonged ability of titanium to remain bonded to juxtaposed bone. It has been proposed to modify titanium through anodization to create a novel nanotubular topography in order to improve cytocompatibility properties necessary for the prolonged attachment of orthopedic implants to surrounding bone. Additionally, electrical stimulation has been used in orthopedics to heal bone non-unions and fractures in anatomically difficult to operate sites (such as the spine). In this study, these two approaches were combined as the efficacy of electrical stimulation to promote osteoblast (bone forming cell) density on anodized titanium was investigated. To do this, osteoblast proliferation experiments lasting up to 5 days were conducted as cells were stimulated with constant bipolar pulses at a frequency of 20 Hz and a pulse duration of 0.4 ms each day for 1 hour. The stimulation voltages were 1 V, 5 V, 10 V, and 15 V. Results showed for the first time that under electrical stimulation, osteoblast proliferation on anodized titanium was enhanced at lower voltages compared to what was observed on conventional (nonanodized) titanium. In addition, compared to nonstimulated conventional titanium, osteoblast proliferation was enhanced 72% after 5 days of culture on anodized nanotubular titanium at 15 V of electrical stimulation. Thus, results of this study suggest that coupling the positive influences of electrical stimulation and nanotubular features on anodized titanium may improve osteoblast responses necessary for enhanced orthopedic implant efficacy.Keywords: titanium, anodization, nanotubular, electrical stimulation, osteoblast, proliferation Batur ErcanThomas J WebsterDove Medical PressarticleMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol 2008, Iss Issue 4, Pp 477-485 (2008)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	Medicine (General) R5-920 Batur Ercan Thomas J Webster Greater osteoblast proliferation on anodized nanotubular titanium upon electrical stimulation
description	Batur Ercan1, Thomas J Webster1,21Division of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA; 2Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brown University, Providence, RI, USAAbstract: Currently used orthopedic implants composed of titanium have a limited functional lifetime of only 10&ndash;15 years. One of the reasons for this persistent problem is the poor prolonged ability of titanium to remain bonded to juxtaposed bone. It has been proposed to modify titanium through anodization to create a novel nanotubular topography in order to improve cytocompatibility properties necessary for the prolonged attachment of orthopedic implants to surrounding bone. Additionally, electrical stimulation has been used in orthopedics to heal bone non-unions and fractures in anatomically difficult to operate sites (such as the spine). In this study, these two approaches were combined as the efficacy of electrical stimulation to promote osteoblast (bone forming cell) density on anodized titanium was investigated. To do this, osteoblast proliferation experiments lasting up to 5 days were conducted as cells were stimulated with constant bipolar pulses at a frequency of 20 Hz and a pulse duration of 0.4 ms each day for 1 hour. The stimulation voltages were 1 V, 5 V, 10 V, and 15 V. Results showed for the first time that under electrical stimulation, osteoblast proliferation on anodized titanium was enhanced at lower voltages compared to what was observed on conventional (nonanodized) titanium. In addition, compared to nonstimulated conventional titanium, osteoblast proliferation was enhanced 72% after 5 days of culture on anodized nanotubular titanium at 15 V of electrical stimulation. Thus, results of this study suggest that coupling the positive influences of electrical stimulation and nanotubular features on anodized titanium may improve osteoblast responses necessary for enhanced orthopedic implant efficacy.Keywords: titanium, anodization, nanotubular, electrical stimulation, osteoblast, proliferation
format	article
author	Batur Ercan Thomas J Webster
author_facet	Batur Ercan Thomas J Webster
author_sort	Batur Ercan
title	Greater osteoblast proliferation on anodized nanotubular titanium upon electrical stimulation
title_short	Greater osteoblast proliferation on anodized nanotubular titanium upon electrical stimulation
title_full	Greater osteoblast proliferation on anodized nanotubular titanium upon electrical stimulation
title_fullStr	Greater osteoblast proliferation on anodized nanotubular titanium upon electrical stimulation
title_full_unstemmed	Greater osteoblast proliferation on anodized nanotubular titanium upon electrical stimulation
title_sort	greater osteoblast proliferation on anodized nanotubular titanium upon electrical stimulation
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2008
url	https://doaj.org/article/8d113c4b6dca4f1fb2c9d90e3975c75f
work_keys_str_mv	AT baturercan greaterosteoblastproliferationonanodizednanotubulartitaniumuponelectricalstimulation AT thomasjwebster greaterosteoblastproliferationonanodizednanotubulartitaniumuponelectricalstimulation
_version_	1718399169091076096

Greater osteoblast proliferation on anodized nanotubular titanium upon electrical stimulation

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