The gut bacterial community of mammals from marine and terrestrial habitats.

After birth, mammals acquire a community of bacteria in their gastro-intestinal tract, which harvests energy and provides nutrients for the host. Comparative studies of numerous terrestrial mammal hosts have identified host phylogeny, diet and gut morphology as primary drivers of the gut bacterial c...

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Autores principales:	Tiffanie M Nelson, Tracey L Rogers, Mark V Brown
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8d1b3624cb584d3f8ea403e9e54608d6
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8d1b3624cb584d3f8ea403e9e54608d62021-11-18T08:39:54ZThe gut bacterial community of mammals from marine and terrestrial habitats.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0083655https://doaj.org/article/8d1b3624cb584d3f8ea403e9e54608d62013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24386245/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203After birth, mammals acquire a community of bacteria in their gastro-intestinal tract, which harvests energy and provides nutrients for the host. Comparative studies of numerous terrestrial mammal hosts have identified host phylogeny, diet and gut morphology as primary drivers of the gut bacterial community composition. To date, marine mammals have been excluded from these comparative studies, yet they represent distinct examples of evolutionary history, diet and lifestyle traits. To provide an updated understanding of the gut bacterial community of mammals, we compared bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequence data generated from faecal material of 151 marine and terrestrial mammal hosts. This included 42 hosts from a marine habitat. When compared to terrestrial mammals, marine mammals clustered separately and displayed a significantly greater average relative abundance of the phylum Fusobacteria. The marine carnivores (Antarctic and Arctic seals) and the marine herbivore (dugong) possessed significantly richer gut bacterial community than terrestrial carnivores and terrestrial herbivores, respectively. This suggests that evolutionary history and dietary items specific to the marine environment may have resulted in a gut bacterial community distinct to that identified in terrestrial mammals. Finally we hypothesize that reduced marine trophic webs, whereby marine carnivores (and herbivores) feed directly on lower trophic levels, may expose this group to high levels of secondary metabolites and influence gut microbial community richness.Tiffanie M NelsonTracey L RogersMark V BrownPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 12, p e83655 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Tiffanie M Nelson Tracey L Rogers Mark V Brown The gut bacterial community of mammals from marine and terrestrial habitats.
description	After birth, mammals acquire a community of bacteria in their gastro-intestinal tract, which harvests energy and provides nutrients for the host. Comparative studies of numerous terrestrial mammal hosts have identified host phylogeny, diet and gut morphology as primary drivers of the gut bacterial community composition. To date, marine mammals have been excluded from these comparative studies, yet they represent distinct examples of evolutionary history, diet and lifestyle traits. To provide an updated understanding of the gut bacterial community of mammals, we compared bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequence data generated from faecal material of 151 marine and terrestrial mammal hosts. This included 42 hosts from a marine habitat. When compared to terrestrial mammals, marine mammals clustered separately and displayed a significantly greater average relative abundance of the phylum Fusobacteria. The marine carnivores (Antarctic and Arctic seals) and the marine herbivore (dugong) possessed significantly richer gut bacterial community than terrestrial carnivores and terrestrial herbivores, respectively. This suggests that evolutionary history and dietary items specific to the marine environment may have resulted in a gut bacterial community distinct to that identified in terrestrial mammals. Finally we hypothesize that reduced marine trophic webs, whereby marine carnivores (and herbivores) feed directly on lower trophic levels, may expose this group to high levels of secondary metabolites and influence gut microbial community richness.
format	article
author	Tiffanie M Nelson Tracey L Rogers Mark V Brown
author_facet	Tiffanie M Nelson Tracey L Rogers Mark V Brown
author_sort	Tiffanie M Nelson
title	The gut bacterial community of mammals from marine and terrestrial habitats.
title_short	The gut bacterial community of mammals from marine and terrestrial habitats.
title_full	The gut bacterial community of mammals from marine and terrestrial habitats.
title_fullStr	The gut bacterial community of mammals from marine and terrestrial habitats.
title_full_unstemmed	The gut bacterial community of mammals from marine and terrestrial habitats.
title_sort	gut bacterial community of mammals from marine and terrestrial habitats.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/8d1b3624cb584d3f8ea403e9e54608d6
work_keys_str_mv	AT tiffaniemnelson thegutbacterialcommunityofmammalsfrommarineandterrestrialhabitats AT traceylrogers thegutbacterialcommunityofmammalsfrommarineandterrestrialhabitats AT markvbrown thegutbacterialcommunityofmammalsfrommarineandterrestrialhabitats AT tiffaniemnelson gutbacterialcommunityofmammalsfrommarineandterrestrialhabitats AT traceylrogers gutbacterialcommunityofmammalsfrommarineandterrestrialhabitats AT markvbrown gutbacterialcommunityofmammalsfrommarineandterrestrialhabitats
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The gut bacterial community of mammals from marine and terrestrial habitats.

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