Using past interglacial temperature maxima to explore transgressions in modern Maldivian coral and Amphistegina bleaching thresholds

Abstract Tropical corals and Amphistegina, an example genus of symbiont-bearing larger benthic foraminifera, are presently living close to their thermal bleaching thresholds. As such, these essential reef-building organisms are vulnerable to the future prospect of more frequent sea surface temperatu...

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Autores principales:	Stephanie Stainbank, Dick Kroon, Erica S. de Leau, Silvia Spezzaferri
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8d2191dfaae242ae9c182534305809c9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8d2191dfaae242ae9c182534305809c92021-12-02T17:16:00ZUsing past interglacial temperature maxima to explore transgressions in modern Maldivian coral and Amphistegina bleaching thresholds10.1038/s41598-021-89697-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/8d2191dfaae242ae9c182534305809c92021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89697-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Tropical corals and Amphistegina, an example genus of symbiont-bearing larger benthic foraminifera, are presently living close to their thermal bleaching thresholds. As such, these essential reef-building organisms are vulnerable to the future prospect of more frequent sea surface temperature (SST) extremes. Exploring the earth’s paleo-climatic record, including interglacials warmer than present, may provide insights into future oceanographic conditions. We analyse foraminiferal shell geochemical compositions, from Recent surface sediments and Marine Isotope stage (MIS) 9e and MIS11c aged sediments, from the International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 359 Site U1467 drilled in the Inner Sea of the Maldives. We illustrate through traditional (pooled) geochemical analysis (δ18O, Mg/Ca) that tropical temperatures were indeed marginally warmer during MIS9e and MIS11c in comparison to the modern ocean. Individual foraminiferal analysis (IFA) from the Recent (representing the last few hundred years) and MIS9e samples shows SSTs occasionally breached the coral bleaching threshold similarly to the modern-day. Significantly, the number of transgressions was four times higher during MIS11c, a recognised analogue for a warmer modern world. This new knowledge and novel IFA insight and application is invaluable given thermal stress is already obvious today with an increasing number of bleaching events over the last few decades.Stephanie StainbankDick KroonErica S. de LeauSilvia SpezzaferriNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Stephanie Stainbank Dick Kroon Erica S. de Leau Silvia Spezzaferri Using past interglacial temperature maxima to explore transgressions in modern Maldivian coral and Amphistegina bleaching thresholds
description	Abstract Tropical corals and Amphistegina, an example genus of symbiont-bearing larger benthic foraminifera, are presently living close to their thermal bleaching thresholds. As such, these essential reef-building organisms are vulnerable to the future prospect of more frequent sea surface temperature (SST) extremes. Exploring the earth’s paleo-climatic record, including interglacials warmer than present, may provide insights into future oceanographic conditions. We analyse foraminiferal shell geochemical compositions, from Recent surface sediments and Marine Isotope stage (MIS) 9e and MIS11c aged sediments, from the International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 359 Site U1467 drilled in the Inner Sea of the Maldives. We illustrate through traditional (pooled) geochemical analysis (δ18O, Mg/Ca) that tropical temperatures were indeed marginally warmer during MIS9e and MIS11c in comparison to the modern ocean. Individual foraminiferal analysis (IFA) from the Recent (representing the last few hundred years) and MIS9e samples shows SSTs occasionally breached the coral bleaching threshold similarly to the modern-day. Significantly, the number of transgressions was four times higher during MIS11c, a recognised analogue for a warmer modern world. This new knowledge and novel IFA insight and application is invaluable given thermal stress is already obvious today with an increasing number of bleaching events over the last few decades.
format	article
author	Stephanie Stainbank Dick Kroon Erica S. de Leau Silvia Spezzaferri
author_facet	Stephanie Stainbank Dick Kroon Erica S. de Leau Silvia Spezzaferri
author_sort	Stephanie Stainbank
title	Using past interglacial temperature maxima to explore transgressions in modern Maldivian coral and Amphistegina bleaching thresholds
title_short	Using past interglacial temperature maxima to explore transgressions in modern Maldivian coral and Amphistegina bleaching thresholds
title_full	Using past interglacial temperature maxima to explore transgressions in modern Maldivian coral and Amphistegina bleaching thresholds
title_fullStr	Using past interglacial temperature maxima to explore transgressions in modern Maldivian coral and Amphistegina bleaching thresholds
title_full_unstemmed	Using past interglacial temperature maxima to explore transgressions in modern Maldivian coral and Amphistegina bleaching thresholds
title_sort	using past interglacial temperature maxima to explore transgressions in modern maldivian coral and amphistegina bleaching thresholds
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8d2191dfaae242ae9c182534305809c9
work_keys_str_mv	AT stephaniestainbank usingpastinterglacialtemperaturemaximatoexploretransgressionsinmodernmaldiviancoralandamphisteginableachingthresholds AT dickkroon usingpastinterglacialtemperaturemaximatoexploretransgressionsinmodernmaldiviancoralandamphisteginableachingthresholds AT ericasdeleau usingpastinterglacialtemperaturemaximatoexploretransgressionsinmodernmaldiviancoralandamphisteginableachingthresholds AT silviaspezzaferri usingpastinterglacialtemperaturemaximatoexploretransgressionsinmodernmaldiviancoralandamphisteginableachingthresholds
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Using past interglacial temperature maxima to explore transgressions in modern Maldivian coral and Amphistegina bleaching thresholds

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