Habitat connectivity and resource selection in an expanding bobcat (Lynx rufus) population

Terrestrial carnivores are among the most imperiled species worldwide, yet some species are resilient and are recovering in human-dominated landscapes after decades or centuries of absence. Bobcat (Lynx rufus) populations were extirpated from much of Midwestern US in the mid-1800’s, and are currentl...

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Autores principales:	Viorel D. Popescu, Madeline Kenyon, Ryan K. Brown, Marissa A. Dyck, Suzanne Prange, William E. Peterman, Catherine Dennison
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	PeerJ Inc. 2021
Materias:	Resource selection function Circuitscape Home range Spatial scale Habitat suitability Dispersal Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8d4d00b06ce3466390178e0b3470f809
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8d4d00b06ce3466390178e0b3470f8092021-11-13T15:05:19ZHabitat connectivity and resource selection in an expanding bobcat (Lynx rufus) population10.7717/peerj.124602167-8359https://doaj.org/article/8d4d00b06ce3466390178e0b3470f8092021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://peerj.com/articles/12460.pdfhttps://peerj.com/articles/12460/https://doaj.org/toc/2167-8359Terrestrial carnivores are among the most imperiled species worldwide, yet some species are resilient and are recovering in human-dominated landscapes after decades or centuries of absence. Bobcat (Lynx rufus) populations were extirpated from much of Midwestern US in the mid-1800’s, and are currently expanding and recolonizing their former range. In this study, we investigated multi-scale habitat selection for Ohio’s expanding bobcat population, and examined habitat connectivity in order to evaluate the conduits for dispersal statewide. We used citizen observations collected between 1978 and 2019 and logistic regression to evaluate population-level habitat selection, and GPS telemetry data for 20 individuals collected between 2012 and 2014 and a distribution-weighted exponential Resource Selection Function to evaluate individual-level habitat selection within home ranges. At the population level, bobcats selected for higher amounts of forest and pasture (at a 50 km2 scale) and herbaceous vegetation (at 15–50 50 km2 scales), thus overall heterogeneous forested habitat. At individual (home range) level, bobcats selected for forested habitats with low road density and farther away from high traffic roads; they also showed weak selection for open habitat at the home range level. Male home ranges were significantly greater than female home ranges. Lastly, we used the population-level spatial outputs (i.e. habitat suitability map) to parameterize habitat connectivity models using circuit theory in the program Circuitscape. We tested three relationships between habitat suitability and resistance to movement and used a subset of data on potential dispersing individuals to evaluate which relationship performed best. All three relationships performed almost equally well, and we calculated a weighted averaged connectivity map as our final map. Habitat was highly permeable to movements between core areas of two genetically distinct subpopulations located in southeastern Ohio. We also identified potential dispersal corridors from the core areas to other regions of Ohio dominated by agriculture and suburban development via forested riparian corridors. Overall, our analysis offers new information on habitat selection and connectivity in a rebounding felid population and offers important ecological information for wildlife management strategies. We recommend that the suitability and connectivity models should be periodically updated until the population reaches an equilibrium, and be integrated with data from neighboring states for a comprehensive assessment of a conservation success story.Viorel D. PopescuMadeline KenyonRyan K. BrownMarissa A. DyckSuzanne PrangeWilliam E. PetermanCatherine DennisonPeerJ Inc.articleResource selection functionCircuitscapeHome rangeSpatial scaleHabitat suitabilityDispersalMedicineRENPeerJ, Vol 9, p e12460 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Resource selection function Circuitscape Home range Spatial scale Habitat suitability Dispersal Medicine R
spellingShingle	Resource selection function Circuitscape Home range Spatial scale Habitat suitability Dispersal Medicine R Viorel D. Popescu Madeline Kenyon Ryan K. Brown Marissa A. Dyck Suzanne Prange William E. Peterman Catherine Dennison Habitat connectivity and resource selection in an expanding bobcat (Lynx rufus) population
description	Terrestrial carnivores are among the most imperiled species worldwide, yet some species are resilient and are recovering in human-dominated landscapes after decades or centuries of absence. Bobcat (Lynx rufus) populations were extirpated from much of Midwestern US in the mid-1800’s, and are currently expanding and recolonizing their former range. In this study, we investigated multi-scale habitat selection for Ohio’s expanding bobcat population, and examined habitat connectivity in order to evaluate the conduits for dispersal statewide. We used citizen observations collected between 1978 and 2019 and logistic regression to evaluate population-level habitat selection, and GPS telemetry data for 20 individuals collected between 2012 and 2014 and a distribution-weighted exponential Resource Selection Function to evaluate individual-level habitat selection within home ranges. At the population level, bobcats selected for higher amounts of forest and pasture (at a 50 km2 scale) and herbaceous vegetation (at 15–50 50 km2 scales), thus overall heterogeneous forested habitat. At individual (home range) level, bobcats selected for forested habitats with low road density and farther away from high traffic roads; they also showed weak selection for open habitat at the home range level. Male home ranges were significantly greater than female home ranges. Lastly, we used the population-level spatial outputs (i.e. habitat suitability map) to parameterize habitat connectivity models using circuit theory in the program Circuitscape. We tested three relationships between habitat suitability and resistance to movement and used a subset of data on potential dispersing individuals to evaluate which relationship performed best. All three relationships performed almost equally well, and we calculated a weighted averaged connectivity map as our final map. Habitat was highly permeable to movements between core areas of two genetically distinct subpopulations located in southeastern Ohio. We also identified potential dispersal corridors from the core areas to other regions of Ohio dominated by agriculture and suburban development via forested riparian corridors. Overall, our analysis offers new information on habitat selection and connectivity in a rebounding felid population and offers important ecological information for wildlife management strategies. We recommend that the suitability and connectivity models should be periodically updated until the population reaches an equilibrium, and be integrated with data from neighboring states for a comprehensive assessment of a conservation success story.
format	article
author	Viorel D. Popescu Madeline Kenyon Ryan K. Brown Marissa A. Dyck Suzanne Prange William E. Peterman Catherine Dennison
author_facet	Viorel D. Popescu Madeline Kenyon Ryan K. Brown Marissa A. Dyck Suzanne Prange William E. Peterman Catherine Dennison
author_sort	Viorel D. Popescu
title	Habitat connectivity and resource selection in an expanding bobcat (Lynx rufus) population
title_short	Habitat connectivity and resource selection in an expanding bobcat (Lynx rufus) population
title_full	Habitat connectivity and resource selection in an expanding bobcat (Lynx rufus) population
title_fullStr	Habitat connectivity and resource selection in an expanding bobcat (Lynx rufus) population
title_full_unstemmed	Habitat connectivity and resource selection in an expanding bobcat (Lynx rufus) population
title_sort	habitat connectivity and resource selection in an expanding bobcat (lynx rufus) population
publisher	PeerJ Inc.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8d4d00b06ce3466390178e0b3470f809
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Habitat connectivity and resource selection in an expanding bobcat (Lynx rufus) population

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