Primary Metabolite Adjustments Associated With Pinewood Nematode Resistance in Pinus pinaster

The pinewood nematode (PWN) Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is the causal agent of the pine wilt disease (PWD) and represents one of the major threats to conifer forests. The detection of the PWN in Portugal, associated with Pinus pinaster, increased the concern of its spread to European forests. Despite...

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Autores principales:	Ana M. Rodrigues, Isabel Carrasquinho, Carla António
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	pinewood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) forest tree metabolomics pine wilt disease (PWD) primary metabolism chlorophyll a fluorescence (OJIP) Plant culture SB1-1110
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8d5af8c84f8941c790ea7da9db5b126d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8d5af8c84f8941c790ea7da9db5b126d2021-11-30T18:45:08ZPrimary Metabolite Adjustments Associated With Pinewood Nematode Resistance in Pinus pinaster1664-462X10.3389/fpls.2021.777681https://doaj.org/article/8d5af8c84f8941c790ea7da9db5b126d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.777681/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-462XThe pinewood nematode (PWN) Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is the causal agent of the pine wilt disease (PWD) and represents one of the major threats to conifer forests. The detection of the PWN in Portugal, associated with Pinus pinaster, increased the concern of its spread to European forests. Despite its susceptibility to PWD, genetic variability found among P. pinaster populations has been associated with heritable PWD resistance. Understanding the mechanisms underlying tree resistance constitutes a valuable resource for breeding programs toward more resilient forest plantations. This study investigated changes in anatomy, chlorophyll a fluorescence (ChlF), and primary metabolism in susceptible and resistant P. pinaster half-sib plants, after PWN inoculation. Susceptible plants showed a general shutdown of central metabolism, osmolyte accumulation, photosynthetic inhibition, and a decrease in the plant water status. The ChlF transient rise (OJIP curve) revealed the appearance of L- and K-bands, indicators of environmental stress. In contrast, resistant plants revealed a regulated defense response and were able to restrict PWN migration and cellular damage. Furthermore, the accumulation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and succinate suggested a role of these metabolites in PWD resistance and the possible activation of the GABA shunt. Altogether, these results provide new insights to the role of primary metabolism in PWD resistance and in the selection of resistant phenotypes for disease mitigation.Ana M. RodriguesIsabel CarrasquinhoIsabel CarrasquinhoCarla AntónioFrontiers Media S.A.articlepinewood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus)maritime pine (Pinus pinaster)forest tree metabolomicspine wilt disease (PWD)primary metabolismchlorophyll a fluorescence (OJIP)Plant cultureSB1-1110ENFrontiers in Plant Science, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	pinewood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) forest tree metabolomics pine wilt disease (PWD) primary metabolism chlorophyll a fluorescence (OJIP) Plant culture SB1-1110
spellingShingle	pinewood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) forest tree metabolomics pine wilt disease (PWD) primary metabolism chlorophyll a fluorescence (OJIP) Plant culture SB1-1110 Ana M. Rodrigues Isabel Carrasquinho Isabel Carrasquinho Carla António Primary Metabolite Adjustments Associated With Pinewood Nematode Resistance in Pinus pinaster
description	The pinewood nematode (PWN) Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is the causal agent of the pine wilt disease (PWD) and represents one of the major threats to conifer forests. The detection of the PWN in Portugal, associated with Pinus pinaster, increased the concern of its spread to European forests. Despite its susceptibility to PWD, genetic variability found among P. pinaster populations has been associated with heritable PWD resistance. Understanding the mechanisms underlying tree resistance constitutes a valuable resource for breeding programs toward more resilient forest plantations. This study investigated changes in anatomy, chlorophyll a fluorescence (ChlF), and primary metabolism in susceptible and resistant P. pinaster half-sib plants, after PWN inoculation. Susceptible plants showed a general shutdown of central metabolism, osmolyte accumulation, photosynthetic inhibition, and a decrease in the plant water status. The ChlF transient rise (OJIP curve) revealed the appearance of L- and K-bands, indicators of environmental stress. In contrast, resistant plants revealed a regulated defense response and were able to restrict PWN migration and cellular damage. Furthermore, the accumulation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and succinate suggested a role of these metabolites in PWD resistance and the possible activation of the GABA shunt. Altogether, these results provide new insights to the role of primary metabolism in PWD resistance and in the selection of resistant phenotypes for disease mitigation.
format	article
author	Ana M. Rodrigues Isabel Carrasquinho Isabel Carrasquinho Carla António
author_facet	Ana M. Rodrigues Isabel Carrasquinho Isabel Carrasquinho Carla António
author_sort	Ana M. Rodrigues
title	Primary Metabolite Adjustments Associated With Pinewood Nematode Resistance in Pinus pinaster
title_short	Primary Metabolite Adjustments Associated With Pinewood Nematode Resistance in Pinus pinaster
title_full	Primary Metabolite Adjustments Associated With Pinewood Nematode Resistance in Pinus pinaster
title_fullStr	Primary Metabolite Adjustments Associated With Pinewood Nematode Resistance in Pinus pinaster
title_full_unstemmed	Primary Metabolite Adjustments Associated With Pinewood Nematode Resistance in Pinus pinaster
title_sort	primary metabolite adjustments associated with pinewood nematode resistance in pinus pinaster
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8d5af8c84f8941c790ea7da9db5b126d
work_keys_str_mv	AT anamrodrigues primarymetaboliteadjustmentsassociatedwithpinewoodnematoderesistanceinpinuspinaster AT isabelcarrasquinho primarymetaboliteadjustmentsassociatedwithpinewoodnematoderesistanceinpinuspinaster AT isabelcarrasquinho primarymetaboliteadjustmentsassociatedwithpinewoodnematoderesistanceinpinuspinaster AT carlaantonio primarymetaboliteadjustmentsassociatedwithpinewoodnematoderesistanceinpinuspinaster
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Primary Metabolite Adjustments Associated With Pinewood Nematode Resistance in Pinus pinaster

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