Microglia Polarization in Alzheimer’s Disease: Mechanisms and a Potential Therapeutic Target

Neuroinflammation regulated by microglia is one of the important factors involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Activated microglia exhibited phenotypes termed as M1 and M2 phenotypes separately. M1 microglia contribute to the development of inflammation via upregulating pro-infla...

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Autores principales:	Qinqin Wang, Hongmei Yao, Wenyan Liu, Bailiu Ya, Hongju Cheng, Zhenkai Xing, Yili Wu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	neuroinflammation microglia activation M1 microglia M2 microglia Alzheimer’s disease Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8d696d9970a149f282ea1ddc4471fcb7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8d696d9970a149f282ea1ddc4471fcb72021-11-08T04:57:56ZMicroglia Polarization in Alzheimer’s Disease: Mechanisms and a Potential Therapeutic Target1663-436510.3389/fnagi.2021.772717https://doaj.org/article/8d696d9970a149f282ea1ddc4471fcb72021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2021.772717/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1663-4365Neuroinflammation regulated by microglia is one of the important factors involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Activated microglia exhibited phenotypes termed as M1 and M2 phenotypes separately. M1 microglia contribute to the development of inflammation via upregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, while M2 microglia exert anti-inflammation effects through enhancing the expression of anti-inflammation factors. Moreover, M1 and M2 microglia could be mutually transformed under various conditions. Both M1 and M2 microglia are implicated in AD. Amyloid-β (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau are two major components of AD pathological hallmarks, neuritic plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles. Both Aβ and hyperphosphorylated tau were involved in microglial activation and subsequent inflammation, which further contribute to neuronal and synaptic loss in AD. In this review, we summarized the roles of M1 and M2 microglia in AD and underlying mechanisms, which will provide an insight into the role of microglia in the pathogenesis of AD and highlight the therapeutic potential of modulating microglia.Qinqin WangHongmei YaoWenyan LiuBailiu YaHongju ChengZhenkai XingYili WuYili WuYili WuFrontiers Media S.A.articleneuroinflammationmicroglia activationM1 microgliaM2 microgliaAlzheimer’s diseaseNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571ENFrontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Vol 13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	neuroinflammation microglia activation M1 microglia M2 microglia Alzheimer’s disease Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
spellingShingle	neuroinflammation microglia activation M1 microglia M2 microglia Alzheimer’s disease Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Qinqin Wang Hongmei Yao Wenyan Liu Bailiu Ya Hongju Cheng Zhenkai Xing Yili Wu Yili Wu Yili Wu Microglia Polarization in Alzheimer’s Disease: Mechanisms and a Potential Therapeutic Target
description	Neuroinflammation regulated by microglia is one of the important factors involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Activated microglia exhibited phenotypes termed as M1 and M2 phenotypes separately. M1 microglia contribute to the development of inflammation via upregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, while M2 microglia exert anti-inflammation effects through enhancing the expression of anti-inflammation factors. Moreover, M1 and M2 microglia could be mutually transformed under various conditions. Both M1 and M2 microglia are implicated in AD. Amyloid-β (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau are two major components of AD pathological hallmarks, neuritic plaques, and neurofibrillary tangles. Both Aβ and hyperphosphorylated tau were involved in microglial activation and subsequent inflammation, which further contribute to neuronal and synaptic loss in AD. In this review, we summarized the roles of M1 and M2 microglia in AD and underlying mechanisms, which will provide an insight into the role of microglia in the pathogenesis of AD and highlight the therapeutic potential of modulating microglia.
format	article
author	Qinqin Wang Hongmei Yao Wenyan Liu Bailiu Ya Hongju Cheng Zhenkai Xing Yili Wu Yili Wu Yili Wu
author_facet	Qinqin Wang Hongmei Yao Wenyan Liu Bailiu Ya Hongju Cheng Zhenkai Xing Yili Wu Yili Wu Yili Wu
author_sort	Qinqin Wang
title	Microglia Polarization in Alzheimer’s Disease: Mechanisms and a Potential Therapeutic Target
title_short	Microglia Polarization in Alzheimer’s Disease: Mechanisms and a Potential Therapeutic Target
title_full	Microglia Polarization in Alzheimer’s Disease: Mechanisms and a Potential Therapeutic Target
title_fullStr	Microglia Polarization in Alzheimer’s Disease: Mechanisms and a Potential Therapeutic Target
title_full_unstemmed	Microglia Polarization in Alzheimer’s Disease: Mechanisms and a Potential Therapeutic Target
title_sort	microglia polarization in alzheimer’s disease: mechanisms and a potential therapeutic target
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8d696d9970a149f282ea1ddc4471fcb7
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Microglia Polarization in Alzheimer’s Disease: Mechanisms and a Potential Therapeutic Target

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