Repeatability and Reproducibility of in-vivo Brain Temperature Measurements

Background: Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) is a neuroimaging technique that may be useful for non-invasive mapping of brain temperature (i.e., thermometry) over a large brain volume. To date, intra-subject reproducibility of MRSI-based brain temperature (MRSI-t) has not been investi...

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Autores principales:	Ayushe A. Sharma, Rodolphe Nenert, Christina Mueller, Andrew A. Maudsley, Jarred W. Younger, Jerzy P. Szaflarski
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:	MRS brain temperature MR thermometry neuroinflammation neuroimaging Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8d6aa343df4746a3b425ed28f34f84b9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8d6aa343df4746a3b425ed28f34f84b92021-12-01T09:18:46ZRepeatability and Reproducibility of in-vivo Brain Temperature Measurements1662-516110.3389/fnhum.2020.598435https://doaj.org/article/8d6aa343df4746a3b425ed28f34f84b92020-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2020.598435/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1662-5161Background: Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) is a neuroimaging technique that may be useful for non-invasive mapping of brain temperature (i.e., thermometry) over a large brain volume. To date, intra-subject reproducibility of MRSI-based brain temperature (MRSI-t) has not been investigated. The objective of this repeated measures MRSI-t study was to establish intra-subject reproducibility and repeatability of brain temperature, as well as typical brain temperature range.Methods: Healthy participants aged 23–46 years (N = 18; 7 females) were scanned at two time points ~12-weeks apart. Volumetric MRSI data were processed by reconstructing metabolite and water images using parametric spectral analysis. Brain temperature was derived using the frequency difference between water and creatine (TCRE) for 47 regions of interest (ROIs) delineated by the modified Automated Anatomical Labeling (AAL) atlas. Reproducibility was measured using the coefficient of variation for repeated measures (COVrep), and repeatability was determined using the standard error of measurement (SEM). For each region, the upper and lower bounds of Minimal Detectable Change (MDC) were established to characterize the typical range of TCRE values.Results: The mean global brain temperature over all subjects was 37.2°C with spatial variations across ROIs. There was a significant main effect for time [F(1, 1,591) = 37.0, p < 0.0001] and for brain region [F(46, 1,591) = 2.66, p < 0.0001]. The time*brain region interaction was not significant [F(46, 1,591) = 0.80, p = 0.83]. Participants' TCRE was stable for each ROI across both time points, with ROIs' COVrep ranging from 0.81 to 3.08% (mean COVrep = 1.92%); majority of ROIs had a COVrep <2.0%.Conclusions: Brain temperature measurements were highly consistent between both time points, indicating high reproducibility and repeatability of MRSI-t. MRSI-t may be a promising diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tool for non-invasively monitoring brain temperature changes in health and disease. However, further studies of healthy participants with larger sample size(s) and numerous repeated acquisitions are imperative for establishing a reference range of typical brain TCRE, as well as the threshold above which TCRE is likely pathological.Ayushe A. SharmaAyushe A. SharmaAyushe A. SharmaRodolphe NenertRodolphe NenertChristina MuellerAndrew A. MaudsleyJarred W. YoungerJerzy P. SzaflarskiJerzy P. SzaflarskiJerzy P. SzaflarskiJerzy P. SzaflarskiFrontiers Media S.A.articleMRSbrain temperatureMR thermometryneuroinflammationneuroimagingNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571ENFrontiers in Human Neuroscience, Vol 14 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	MRS brain temperature MR thermometry neuroinflammation neuroimaging Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571
spellingShingle	MRS brain temperature MR thermometry neuroinflammation neuroimaging Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry RC321-571 Ayushe A. Sharma Ayushe A. Sharma Ayushe A. Sharma Rodolphe Nenert Rodolphe Nenert Christina Mueller Andrew A. Maudsley Jarred W. Younger Jerzy P. Szaflarski Jerzy P. Szaflarski Jerzy P. Szaflarski Jerzy P. Szaflarski Repeatability and Reproducibility of in-vivo Brain Temperature Measurements
description	Background: Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) is a neuroimaging technique that may be useful for non-invasive mapping of brain temperature (i.e., thermometry) over a large brain volume. To date, intra-subject reproducibility of MRSI-based brain temperature (MRSI-t) has not been investigated. The objective of this repeated measures MRSI-t study was to establish intra-subject reproducibility and repeatability of brain temperature, as well as typical brain temperature range.Methods: Healthy participants aged 23–46 years (N = 18; 7 females) were scanned at two time points ~12-weeks apart. Volumetric MRSI data were processed by reconstructing metabolite and water images using parametric spectral analysis. Brain temperature was derived using the frequency difference between water and creatine (TCRE) for 47 regions of interest (ROIs) delineated by the modified Automated Anatomical Labeling (AAL) atlas. Reproducibility was measured using the coefficient of variation for repeated measures (COVrep), and repeatability was determined using the standard error of measurement (SEM). For each region, the upper and lower bounds of Minimal Detectable Change (MDC) were established to characterize the typical range of TCRE values.Results: The mean global brain temperature over all subjects was 37.2°C with spatial variations across ROIs. There was a significant main effect for time [F(1, 1,591) = 37.0, p < 0.0001] and for brain region [F(46, 1,591) = 2.66, p < 0.0001]. The time*brain region interaction was not significant [F(46, 1,591) = 0.80, p = 0.83]. Participants' TCRE was stable for each ROI across both time points, with ROIs' COVrep ranging from 0.81 to 3.08% (mean COVrep = 1.92%); majority of ROIs had a COVrep <2.0%.Conclusions: Brain temperature measurements were highly consistent between both time points, indicating high reproducibility and repeatability of MRSI-t. MRSI-t may be a promising diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tool for non-invasively monitoring brain temperature changes in health and disease. However, further studies of healthy participants with larger sample size(s) and numerous repeated acquisitions are imperative for establishing a reference range of typical brain TCRE, as well as the threshold above which TCRE is likely pathological.
format	article
author	Ayushe A. Sharma Ayushe A. Sharma Ayushe A. Sharma Rodolphe Nenert Rodolphe Nenert Christina Mueller Andrew A. Maudsley Jarred W. Younger Jerzy P. Szaflarski Jerzy P. Szaflarski Jerzy P. Szaflarski Jerzy P. Szaflarski
author_facet	Ayushe A. Sharma Ayushe A. Sharma Ayushe A. Sharma Rodolphe Nenert Rodolphe Nenert Christina Mueller Andrew A. Maudsley Jarred W. Younger Jerzy P. Szaflarski Jerzy P. Szaflarski Jerzy P. Szaflarski Jerzy P. Szaflarski
author_sort	Ayushe A. Sharma
title	Repeatability and Reproducibility of in-vivo Brain Temperature Measurements
title_short	Repeatability and Reproducibility of in-vivo Brain Temperature Measurements
title_full	Repeatability and Reproducibility of in-vivo Brain Temperature Measurements
title_fullStr	Repeatability and Reproducibility of in-vivo Brain Temperature Measurements
title_full_unstemmed	Repeatability and Reproducibility of in-vivo Brain Temperature Measurements
title_sort	repeatability and reproducibility of in-vivo brain temperature measurements
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/8d6aa343df4746a3b425ed28f34f84b9
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Repeatability and Reproducibility of in-vivo Brain Temperature Measurements

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