Anti-algal activity of the 12-5-12 gemini surfactant results from its impact on the photosynthetic apparatus

Abstract A rapid amplification of algal population has a negative impact on the environment and the global economy. Thus, control of algal proliferation is an important issue and effective procedures which reduce algal blooms and control algal fouling are highly desired. Gemini surfactants are consi...

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Autores principales:	Konrad Winnicki, Katarzyna Łudzik, Aneta Żabka, Justyna Teresa Polit, Anna Zawisza, Janusz Maszewski
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8d6d3ed2a1684f3da8d87de128f7c131
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8d6d3ed2a1684f3da8d87de128f7c1312021-12-02T13:23:50ZAnti-algal activity of the 12-5-12 gemini surfactant results from its impact on the photosynthetic apparatus10.1038/s41598-021-82165-92045-2322https://doaj.org/article/8d6d3ed2a1684f3da8d87de128f7c1312021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82165-9https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract A rapid amplification of algal population has a negative impact on the environment and the global economy. Thus, control of algal proliferation is an important issue and effective procedures which reduce algal blooms and control algal fouling are highly desired. Gemini surfactants are considered to have a low environmental impact, therefore they seem to be a promising group of detergents which could reduce algal blooms in water systems. Furthermore, due to their emulsifying properties they could replace algaecides added to antifouling paints and decrease algae adhesion to various surfaces. In this study the toxic effect of the 12-5-12 gemini surfactant was investigated on Chlorella cells and close attention was paid to a potential mechanism of its action. At the high cell density (10.05 × 107 cells/mL) a dose-dependent cell death was found and the IC50 value was reached at the concentration of 19.6 µmol/L after 72-h exposure to the surfactant. The decrease in chlorophyll autofluorescence shows that the photosynthetic apparatus seems to be the target of the tested compound. The presented studies indicate that gemini surfactants could effectively reduce algal blooms in water systems, and if added to paints, they could decrease algal growth on external building walls or other water immersed surfaces.Konrad WinnickiKatarzyna ŁudzikAneta ŻabkaJustyna Teresa PolitAnna ZawiszaJanusz MaszewskiNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Konrad Winnicki Katarzyna Łudzik Aneta Żabka Justyna Teresa Polit Anna Zawisza Janusz Maszewski Anti-algal activity of the 12-5-12 gemini surfactant results from its impact on the photosynthetic apparatus
description	Abstract A rapid amplification of algal population has a negative impact on the environment and the global economy. Thus, control of algal proliferation is an important issue and effective procedures which reduce algal blooms and control algal fouling are highly desired. Gemini surfactants are considered to have a low environmental impact, therefore they seem to be a promising group of detergents which could reduce algal blooms in water systems. Furthermore, due to their emulsifying properties they could replace algaecides added to antifouling paints and decrease algae adhesion to various surfaces. In this study the toxic effect of the 12-5-12 gemini surfactant was investigated on Chlorella cells and close attention was paid to a potential mechanism of its action. At the high cell density (10.05 × 107 cells/mL) a dose-dependent cell death was found and the IC50 value was reached at the concentration of 19.6 µmol/L after 72-h exposure to the surfactant. The decrease in chlorophyll autofluorescence shows that the photosynthetic apparatus seems to be the target of the tested compound. The presented studies indicate that gemini surfactants could effectively reduce algal blooms in water systems, and if added to paints, they could decrease algal growth on external building walls or other water immersed surfaces.
format	article
author	Konrad Winnicki Katarzyna Łudzik Aneta Żabka Justyna Teresa Polit Anna Zawisza Janusz Maszewski
author_facet	Konrad Winnicki Katarzyna Łudzik Aneta Żabka Justyna Teresa Polit Anna Zawisza Janusz Maszewski
author_sort	Konrad Winnicki
title	Anti-algal activity of the 12-5-12 gemini surfactant results from its impact on the photosynthetic apparatus
title_short	Anti-algal activity of the 12-5-12 gemini surfactant results from its impact on the photosynthetic apparatus
title_full	Anti-algal activity of the 12-5-12 gemini surfactant results from its impact on the photosynthetic apparatus
title_fullStr	Anti-algal activity of the 12-5-12 gemini surfactant results from its impact on the photosynthetic apparatus
title_full_unstemmed	Anti-algal activity of the 12-5-12 gemini surfactant results from its impact on the photosynthetic apparatus
title_sort	anti-algal activity of the 12-5-12 gemini surfactant results from its impact on the photosynthetic apparatus
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8d6d3ed2a1684f3da8d87de128f7c131
work_keys_str_mv	AT konradwinnicki antialgalactivityofthe12512geminisurfactantresultsfromitsimpactonthephotosyntheticapparatus AT katarzynałudzik antialgalactivityofthe12512geminisurfactantresultsfromitsimpactonthephotosyntheticapparatus AT anetazabka antialgalactivityofthe12512geminisurfactantresultsfromitsimpactonthephotosyntheticapparatus AT justynateresapolit antialgalactivityofthe12512geminisurfactantresultsfromitsimpactonthephotosyntheticapparatus AT annazawisza antialgalactivityofthe12512geminisurfactantresultsfromitsimpactonthephotosyntheticapparatus AT januszmaszewski antialgalactivityofthe12512geminisurfactantresultsfromitsimpactonthephotosyntheticapparatus
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Anti-algal activity of the 12-5-12 gemini surfactant results from its impact on the photosynthetic apparatus

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