Water resources and flooding risk in Kumamoto based on observed hydrologic data analysis

Variability and change of precipitation were investigated in Kumamoto on Kyushu Island in southwestern Japan, to assess water resources and flooding risk. Annual precipitation, annual maximum daily precipitation, and annual maximum hourly precipitation have increased over the period from 1891 to 201...

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Autores principales:	Makoto Higashino, Heinz G. Stefan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IWA Publishing 2021
Materias:	annual precipitation enso kumamoto maximum daily precipitation typhoon water resources Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8d831acf050b46b4bab23162616c6361
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8d831acf050b46b4bab23162616c63612021-11-05T18:48:16ZWater resources and flooding risk in Kumamoto based on observed hydrologic data analysis2040-22442408-935410.2166/wcc.2020.264https://doaj.org/article/8d831acf050b46b4bab23162616c63612021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttp://jwcc.iwaponline.com/content/12/3/833https://doaj.org/toc/2040-2244https://doaj.org/toc/2408-9354Variability and change of precipitation were investigated in Kumamoto on Kyushu Island in southwestern Japan, to assess water resources and flooding risk. Annual precipitation, annual maximum daily precipitation, and annual maximum hourly precipitation have increased over the period from 1891 to 2018 (128 years). Trends are 26.2 mm per decade, 6.07 mm/day per decade, and 2.17 mm/h/decade, respectively. Precipitation in the rainy season (June and July) is on average 37% (ranging from 12 to 59%) of annual precipitation for the 128-year period. Maximum daily precipitation in a year occurred at Kumamoto in the rainy season in 92/128 (72%) of the years of observation from 1891 to 2018, in the typhoon (August to November) season in 23/128 (18%), and in the March to May season in 12/128 (10%). This indicates that the rainy monsoon season poses the largest daily flooding risk. A wavelet analysis revealed that from 1891 to 2018 annual precipitation and daily maximum precipitation fluctuate with 2 and 4 years periods, which may be related to the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). It is likely that air temperature rises, ENSO and topographical characteristics contributed to an increase in precipitation in the period. The analysis also showed that typhoons hitting or approaching Kumamoto have significantly affected annual precipitation and annual maximum daily precipitation, while the interval between typhoons affecting Kumamoto has been getting longer since the 1970s. HIGHLIGHTS Annual precipitation, annual maximum daily precipitation, and annual maximum hourly precipitation in Kumamoto, on Kyushu Island in southwest Japan, have increased from 1891 to 2018 (128 years). Trends are 26.2 mm per decade, 6.07 mm/day per decade, and 2.17 mm/h/decade, respectively. All three trends are statistically significant at the 1% level.; Precipitation in the rainy season (June and July) is on average 37% (ranging from 12 to 59%) of annual precipitation over the period from 1891 to 2018. The correlation between rainy season precipitation and annual precipitation is strong (R2 = 0.66, Figure 3).; Maximum daily precipitation in a year occurred at Kumamoto in the wet monsoon (June and July) season in 92/128 (72%) of the years of observation from 1889 to 2018, in the typhoon (Aug to Nov) season in 23/128 (18%) of the years of observation, and in the March to May season in 12/128 (10%) of the years of observation. This is also shown in Figure 5 and indicates that the rainy monsoon season poses the largest daily flooding risk.; A wavelet analysis revealed that precipitation in Kumamoto fluctuated from 1891 to 2018 with 2–4 years as periods, which may indicate a relationship to ENSO. It is likely that ENSO plays an important role in annual precipitation in the periods of 1890–1900, 1920–1930, 1950–1960, 1970s, and 1990–2010, because annual precipitation in a given year becomes necessarily higher or lower in phase with the ENSO.; The analysis also showed that typhoons hitting or approaching Kumamoto have significantly contributed to annual precipitation and annual maximum daily precipitation, while the interval between typhoons affecting Kumamoto has been getting slightly longer since the 1970s.;Makoto HigashinoHeinz G. StefanIWA Publishingarticleannual precipitationensokumamotomaximum daily precipitationtyphoonwater resourcesEnvironmental technology. Sanitary engineeringTD1-1066Environmental sciencesGE1-350ENJournal of Water and Climate Change, Vol 12, Iss 3, Pp 833-843 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	annual precipitation enso kumamoto maximum daily precipitation typhoon water resources Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350
spellingShingle	annual precipitation enso kumamoto maximum daily precipitation typhoon water resources Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering TD1-1066 Environmental sciences GE1-350 Makoto Higashino Heinz G. Stefan Water resources and flooding risk in Kumamoto based on observed hydrologic data analysis
description	Variability and change of precipitation were investigated in Kumamoto on Kyushu Island in southwestern Japan, to assess water resources and flooding risk. Annual precipitation, annual maximum daily precipitation, and annual maximum hourly precipitation have increased over the period from 1891 to 2018 (128 years). Trends are 26.2 mm per decade, 6.07 mm/day per decade, and 2.17 mm/h/decade, respectively. Precipitation in the rainy season (June and July) is on average 37% (ranging from 12 to 59%) of annual precipitation for the 128-year period. Maximum daily precipitation in a year occurred at Kumamoto in the rainy season in 92/128 (72%) of the years of observation from 1891 to 2018, in the typhoon (August to November) season in 23/128 (18%), and in the March to May season in 12/128 (10%). This indicates that the rainy monsoon season poses the largest daily flooding risk. A wavelet analysis revealed that from 1891 to 2018 annual precipitation and daily maximum precipitation fluctuate with 2 and 4 years periods, which may be related to the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). It is likely that air temperature rises, ENSO and topographical characteristics contributed to an increase in precipitation in the period. The analysis also showed that typhoons hitting or approaching Kumamoto have significantly affected annual precipitation and annual maximum daily precipitation, while the interval between typhoons affecting Kumamoto has been getting longer since the 1970s. HIGHLIGHTS Annual precipitation, annual maximum daily precipitation, and annual maximum hourly precipitation in Kumamoto, on Kyushu Island in southwest Japan, have increased from 1891 to 2018 (128 years). Trends are 26.2 mm per decade, 6.07 mm/day per decade, and 2.17 mm/h/decade, respectively. All three trends are statistically significant at the 1% level.; Precipitation in the rainy season (June and July) is on average 37% (ranging from 12 to 59%) of annual precipitation over the period from 1891 to 2018. The correlation between rainy season precipitation and annual precipitation is strong (R2 = 0.66, Figure 3).; Maximum daily precipitation in a year occurred at Kumamoto in the wet monsoon (June and July) season in 92/128 (72%) of the years of observation from 1889 to 2018, in the typhoon (Aug to Nov) season in 23/128 (18%) of the years of observation, and in the March to May season in 12/128 (10%) of the years of observation. This is also shown in Figure 5 and indicates that the rainy monsoon season poses the largest daily flooding risk.; A wavelet analysis revealed that precipitation in Kumamoto fluctuated from 1891 to 2018 with 2–4 years as periods, which may indicate a relationship to ENSO. It is likely that ENSO plays an important role in annual precipitation in the periods of 1890–1900, 1920–1930, 1950–1960, 1970s, and 1990–2010, because annual precipitation in a given year becomes necessarily higher or lower in phase with the ENSO.; The analysis also showed that typhoons hitting or approaching Kumamoto have significantly contributed to annual precipitation and annual maximum daily precipitation, while the interval between typhoons affecting Kumamoto has been getting slightly longer since the 1970s.;
format	article
author	Makoto Higashino Heinz G. Stefan
author_facet	Makoto Higashino Heinz G. Stefan
author_sort	Makoto Higashino
title	Water resources and flooding risk in Kumamoto based on observed hydrologic data analysis
title_short	Water resources and flooding risk in Kumamoto based on observed hydrologic data analysis
title_full	Water resources and flooding risk in Kumamoto based on observed hydrologic data analysis
title_fullStr	Water resources and flooding risk in Kumamoto based on observed hydrologic data analysis
title_full_unstemmed	Water resources and flooding risk in Kumamoto based on observed hydrologic data analysis
title_sort	water resources and flooding risk in kumamoto based on observed hydrologic data analysis
publisher	IWA Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8d831acf050b46b4bab23162616c6361
work_keys_str_mv	AT makotohigashino waterresourcesandfloodingriskinkumamotobasedonobservedhydrologicdataanalysis AT heinzgstefan waterresourcesandfloodingriskinkumamotobasedonobservedhydrologicdataanalysis
_version_	1718444111388737536

Water resources and flooding risk in Kumamoto based on observed hydrologic data analysis

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