The Safe and Effective Use of Plant-Based Diets with Guidelines for Health Professionals

Plant-based diets, defined here as including both vegan and lacto-ovo-vegetarian diets, are growing in popularity throughout the Western world for various reasons, including concerns for human health and the health of the planet. Plant-based diets are more environmentally sustainable than meat-based...

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Autores principales:	Winston J. Craig, Ann Reed Mangels, Ujué Fresán, Kate Marsh, Fayth L. Miles, Angela V. Saunders, Ella H. Haddad, Celine E. Heskey, Patricia Johnston, Enette Larson-Meyer, Michael Orlich
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	plant-based diets vegetarian vegan sustainability microbiome vitamin B12 Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8db5f5b8440e4b3d8b4c1651e955baf4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8db5f5b8440e4b3d8b4c1651e955baf42021-11-25T18:37:06ZThe Safe and Effective Use of Plant-Based Diets with Guidelines for Health Professionals10.3390/nu131141442072-6643https://doaj.org/article/8db5f5b8440e4b3d8b4c1651e955baf42021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/11/4144https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6643Plant-based diets, defined here as including both vegan and lacto-ovo-vegetarian diets, are growing in popularity throughout the Western world for various reasons, including concerns for human health and the health of the planet. Plant-based diets are more environmentally sustainable than meat-based diets and have a reduced environmental impact, including producing lower levels of greenhouse gas emissions. Dietary guidelines are normally formulated to enhance the health of society, reduce the risk of chronic diseases, and prevent nutritional deficiencies. We reviewed the scientific data on plant-based diets to summarize their preventative and therapeutic role in cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, obesity, and osteoporosis. Consuming plant-based diets is safe and effective for all stages of the life cycle, from pregnancy and lactation, to childhood, to old age. Plant-based diets, which are high in fiber and polyphenolics, are also associated with a diverse gut microbiota, producing metabolites that have anti-inflammatory functions that may help manage disease processes. Concerns about the adequate intake of a number of nutrients, including vitamin B12, calcium, vitamin D, iron, zinc, and omega-3 fats, are discussed. The use of fortified foods and/or supplements as well as appropriate food choices are outlined for each nutrient. Finally, guidelines are suggested for health professionals working with clients consuming plant-based diets.Winston J. CraigAnn Reed MangelsUjué FresánKate MarshFayth L. MilesAngela V. SaundersElla H. HaddadCeline E. HeskeyPatricia JohnstonEnette Larson-MeyerMichael OrlichMDPI AGarticleplant-based dietsvegetarianvegansustainabilitymicrobiomevitamin B12Nutrition. Foods and food supplyTX341-641ENNutrients, Vol 13, Iss 4144, p 4144 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	plant-based diets vegetarian vegan sustainability microbiome vitamin B12 Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641
spellingShingle	plant-based diets vegetarian vegan sustainability microbiome vitamin B12 Nutrition. Foods and food supply TX341-641 Winston J. Craig Ann Reed Mangels Ujué Fresán Kate Marsh Fayth L. Miles Angela V. Saunders Ella H. Haddad Celine E. Heskey Patricia Johnston Enette Larson-Meyer Michael Orlich The Safe and Effective Use of Plant-Based Diets with Guidelines for Health Professionals
description	Plant-based diets, defined here as including both vegan and lacto-ovo-vegetarian diets, are growing in popularity throughout the Western world for various reasons, including concerns for human health and the health of the planet. Plant-based diets are more environmentally sustainable than meat-based diets and have a reduced environmental impact, including producing lower levels of greenhouse gas emissions. Dietary guidelines are normally formulated to enhance the health of society, reduce the risk of chronic diseases, and prevent nutritional deficiencies. We reviewed the scientific data on plant-based diets to summarize their preventative and therapeutic role in cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, obesity, and osteoporosis. Consuming plant-based diets is safe and effective for all stages of the life cycle, from pregnancy and lactation, to childhood, to old age. Plant-based diets, which are high in fiber and polyphenolics, are also associated with a diverse gut microbiota, producing metabolites that have anti-inflammatory functions that may help manage disease processes. Concerns about the adequate intake of a number of nutrients, including vitamin B12, calcium, vitamin D, iron, zinc, and omega-3 fats, are discussed. The use of fortified foods and/or supplements as well as appropriate food choices are outlined for each nutrient. Finally, guidelines are suggested for health professionals working with clients consuming plant-based diets.
format	article
author	Winston J. Craig Ann Reed Mangels Ujué Fresán Kate Marsh Fayth L. Miles Angela V. Saunders Ella H. Haddad Celine E. Heskey Patricia Johnston Enette Larson-Meyer Michael Orlich
author_facet	Winston J. Craig Ann Reed Mangels Ujué Fresán Kate Marsh Fayth L. Miles Angela V. Saunders Ella H. Haddad Celine E. Heskey Patricia Johnston Enette Larson-Meyer Michael Orlich
author_sort	Winston J. Craig
title	The Safe and Effective Use of Plant-Based Diets with Guidelines for Health Professionals
title_short	The Safe and Effective Use of Plant-Based Diets with Guidelines for Health Professionals
title_full	The Safe and Effective Use of Plant-Based Diets with Guidelines for Health Professionals
title_fullStr	The Safe and Effective Use of Plant-Based Diets with Guidelines for Health Professionals
title_full_unstemmed	The Safe and Effective Use of Plant-Based Diets with Guidelines for Health Professionals
title_sort	safe and effective use of plant-based diets with guidelines for health professionals
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8db5f5b8440e4b3d8b4c1651e955baf4
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The Safe and Effective Use of Plant-Based Diets with Guidelines for Health Professionals

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