The Role of Intestinal Macrophages in Gastrointestinal Homeostasis: Heterogeneity and Implications in DiseaseSummary

Intestinal macrophages play a key role in the gut immune system and the regulation of gastrointestinal physiology, including gut motility and secretion. Their ability to keep the gut from chronic inflammation despite constantly facing foreign antigens has been an important focus in gastrointestinal...

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Autores principales:	Jackson L.K. Yip, Gayathri K. Balasuriya, Sarah J. Spencer, Elisa L. Hill-Yardin
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Enteric nervous system (ENS) gastrointestinal (GI) disorders gut inflammation intestinal macrophages Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology RC799-869
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8de6406d81c948259231c7ad8529f75c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8de6406d81c948259231c7ad8529f75c2021-11-12T04:39:45ZThe Role of Intestinal Macrophages in Gastrointestinal Homeostasis: Heterogeneity and Implications in DiseaseSummary2352-345X10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.08.021https://doaj.org/article/8de6406d81c948259231c7ad8529f75c2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352345X21001880https://doaj.org/toc/2352-345XIntestinal macrophages play a key role in the gut immune system and the regulation of gastrointestinal physiology, including gut motility and secretion. Their ability to keep the gut from chronic inflammation despite constantly facing foreign antigens has been an important focus in gastrointestinal research. However, the heterogeneity of intestinal macrophages has impeded our understanding of their specific roles. It is now becoming clear that subsets of intestinal macrophages play diverse roles in various gastrointestinal diseases. This occurs through a complex interplay between cytokine production and enteric nervous system activation that differs for each pathologic condition. Key diseases and disorders in which intestinal macrophages play a role include postoperative ileus, inflammatory bowel disease, necrotizing enterocolitis, as well as gastrointestinal disorders associated with human immunodeficiency virus and Parkinson’s disease. Here, we review the identification of intestinal macrophage subsets based on their origins and functions, how specific subsets regulate gut physiology, and the potential for these heterogeneous subpopulations to contribute to disease states. Furthermore, we outline the potential for these subpopulations to provide unique targets for the development of novel therapies for these disorders.Jackson L.K. YipGayathri K. BalasuriyaSarah J. SpencerElisa L. Hill-YardinElsevierarticleEnteric nervous system (ENS)gastrointestinal (GI) disordersgut inflammationintestinal macrophagesDiseases of the digestive system. GastroenterologyRC799-869ENCellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Vol 12, Iss 5, Pp 1701-1718 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Enteric nervous system (ENS) gastrointestinal (GI) disorders gut inflammation intestinal macrophages Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology RC799-869
spellingShingle	Enteric nervous system (ENS) gastrointestinal (GI) disorders gut inflammation intestinal macrophages Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology RC799-869 Jackson L.K. Yip Gayathri K. Balasuriya Sarah J. Spencer Elisa L. Hill-Yardin The Role of Intestinal Macrophages in Gastrointestinal Homeostasis: Heterogeneity and Implications in DiseaseSummary
description	Intestinal macrophages play a key role in the gut immune system and the regulation of gastrointestinal physiology, including gut motility and secretion. Their ability to keep the gut from chronic inflammation despite constantly facing foreign antigens has been an important focus in gastrointestinal research. However, the heterogeneity of intestinal macrophages has impeded our understanding of their specific roles. It is now becoming clear that subsets of intestinal macrophages play diverse roles in various gastrointestinal diseases. This occurs through a complex interplay between cytokine production and enteric nervous system activation that differs for each pathologic condition. Key diseases and disorders in which intestinal macrophages play a role include postoperative ileus, inflammatory bowel disease, necrotizing enterocolitis, as well as gastrointestinal disorders associated with human immunodeficiency virus and Parkinson’s disease. Here, we review the identification of intestinal macrophage subsets based on their origins and functions, how specific subsets regulate gut physiology, and the potential for these heterogeneous subpopulations to contribute to disease states. Furthermore, we outline the potential for these subpopulations to provide unique targets for the development of novel therapies for these disorders.
format	article
author	Jackson L.K. Yip Gayathri K. Balasuriya Sarah J. Spencer Elisa L. Hill-Yardin
author_facet	Jackson L.K. Yip Gayathri K. Balasuriya Sarah J. Spencer Elisa L. Hill-Yardin
author_sort	Jackson L.K. Yip
title	The Role of Intestinal Macrophages in Gastrointestinal Homeostasis: Heterogeneity and Implications in DiseaseSummary
title_short	The Role of Intestinal Macrophages in Gastrointestinal Homeostasis: Heterogeneity and Implications in DiseaseSummary
title_full	The Role of Intestinal Macrophages in Gastrointestinal Homeostasis: Heterogeneity and Implications in DiseaseSummary
title_fullStr	The Role of Intestinal Macrophages in Gastrointestinal Homeostasis: Heterogeneity and Implications in DiseaseSummary
title_full_unstemmed	The Role of Intestinal Macrophages in Gastrointestinal Homeostasis: Heterogeneity and Implications in DiseaseSummary
title_sort	role of intestinal macrophages in gastrointestinal homeostasis: heterogeneity and implications in diseasesummary
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8de6406d81c948259231c7ad8529f75c
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The Role of Intestinal Macrophages in Gastrointestinal Homeostasis: Heterogeneity and Implications in DiseaseSummary

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