Return to work of transgender people: A systematic review through the blender of occupational health

<h4>Background and objectives</h4> Return to work (RTW) or work resumption after a work absence due to psychosocial or medical reasons benefits the well-being of a person, including transgender people, and is nowadays a major research domain. The objective is to examine, through an occup...

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Autores principales:	Joy Van de Cauter, Hanna Van Schoorisse, Dominique Van de Velde, Joz Motmans, Lutgart Braeckman
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8deca5898719407291bb2a9d25d7559b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8deca5898719407291bb2a9d25d7559b2021-11-11T06:44:22ZReturn to work of transgender people: A systematic review through the blender of occupational health1932-6203https://doaj.org/article/8deca5898719407291bb2a9d25d7559b2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8559954/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background and objectives</h4> Return to work (RTW) or work resumption after a work absence due to psychosocial or medical reasons benefits the well-being of a person, including transgender people, and is nowadays a major research domain. The objective is to examine, through an occupational lens, the literature reporting objective RTW outcomes and experiences in transgender people to (a) synthesize what is known about return to work (full-time, part-time, or self-employed) and (b) describe which gaps persist. <h4>Methods & sample</h4> Several databases and the gray literature were explored systematically. Studies between November 1, 2006 and March 1, 2021 revealing RTW quantitative and qualitative data of adult transgender people were eligible. This review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42019128395) on April 30, 2019. <h4>Results</h4> Among the 14,592 articles initially identified, 97 fulfilled the inclusion criteria which resulted in 20 being analyzed. Objective RTW outcomes, such as number of RTW attempts, time to RTW or number of sick days, were lacking; thus, other relevant work outcomes were reported. Compared to the general population, lower employment rates and more economic distress were observed, with trans women in particular saying that their work situation had deteriorated. Research on positive RTW experiences was highlighted by the importance of disclosure, the support from especially managers and coworkers who acted as mediators, personal coping, and a transition plan along with work accommodations. Negative work experiences, such as demotion, lay-offs, and discrimination were often prominent together with a lack of knowledge of trans issues among all stakeholders, including occupational health professionals. <h4>Conclusion & recommendations</h4> Few studies have explored employment characteristics and experiences of transgender people (TP). RTW is a dynamic process along with transition in itself, which should be tailored through supportive policies, education, a transition plan and work accommodations with the help of external experts. Future studies should include more occupational information and report RTW outcomes to enhance our knowledge about the guidance of TP and to make way for interventional studies.Joy Van de CauterHanna Van SchoorisseDominique Van de VeldeJoz MotmansLutgart BraeckmanPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Joy Van de Cauter Hanna Van Schoorisse Dominique Van de Velde Joz Motmans Lutgart Braeckman Return to work of transgender people: A systematic review through the blender of occupational health
description	<h4>Background and objectives</h4> Return to work (RTW) or work resumption after a work absence due to psychosocial or medical reasons benefits the well-being of a person, including transgender people, and is nowadays a major research domain. The objective is to examine, through an occupational lens, the literature reporting objective RTW outcomes and experiences in transgender people to (a) synthesize what is known about return to work (full-time, part-time, or self-employed) and (b) describe which gaps persist. <h4>Methods & sample</h4> Several databases and the gray literature were explored systematically. Studies between November 1, 2006 and March 1, 2021 revealing RTW quantitative and qualitative data of adult transgender people were eligible. This review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42019128395) on April 30, 2019. <h4>Results</h4> Among the 14,592 articles initially identified, 97 fulfilled the inclusion criteria which resulted in 20 being analyzed. Objective RTW outcomes, such as number of RTW attempts, time to RTW or number of sick days, were lacking; thus, other relevant work outcomes were reported. Compared to the general population, lower employment rates and more economic distress were observed, with trans women in particular saying that their work situation had deteriorated. Research on positive RTW experiences was highlighted by the importance of disclosure, the support from especially managers and coworkers who acted as mediators, personal coping, and a transition plan along with work accommodations. Negative work experiences, such as demotion, lay-offs, and discrimination were often prominent together with a lack of knowledge of trans issues among all stakeholders, including occupational health professionals. <h4>Conclusion & recommendations</h4> Few studies have explored employment characteristics and experiences of transgender people (TP). RTW is a dynamic process along with transition in itself, which should be tailored through supportive policies, education, a transition plan and work accommodations with the help of external experts. Future studies should include more occupational information and report RTW outcomes to enhance our knowledge about the guidance of TP and to make way for interventional studies.
format	article
author	Joy Van de Cauter Hanna Van Schoorisse Dominique Van de Velde Joz Motmans Lutgart Braeckman
author_facet	Joy Van de Cauter Hanna Van Schoorisse Dominique Van de Velde Joz Motmans Lutgart Braeckman
author_sort	Joy Van de Cauter
title	Return to work of transgender people: A systematic review through the blender of occupational health
title_short	Return to work of transgender people: A systematic review through the blender of occupational health
title_full	Return to work of transgender people: A systematic review through the blender of occupational health
title_fullStr	Return to work of transgender people: A systematic review through the blender of occupational health
title_full_unstemmed	Return to work of transgender people: A systematic review through the blender of occupational health
title_sort	return to work of transgender people: a systematic review through the blender of occupational health
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8deca5898719407291bb2a9d25d7559b
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Return to work of transgender people: A systematic review through the blender of occupational health

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