Transdermal Vaccination with the Matrix-2 Protein Virus-like Particle (M2e VLP) Induces Immunity in Mice against Influenza A Virus

In this study, our goal was to utilize the extracellular domain matrix-2 protein virus-like particle (M2e VLP) that has been found to be highly conserved amongst all strains of influenza and could serve as a potential vaccine candidate against influenza. Previous studies have demonstrated that the V...

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Autores principales:	Kimberly Braz Gomes, Sucheta D’Sa, Grace Lovia Allotey-Babington, Sang-Moo Kang, Martin J. D’Souza
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	virus-like particles (VLPs) transdermal influenza A virus Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8e0046a8fd814c2cbdef883f842e9fd4
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8e0046a8fd814c2cbdef883f842e9fd42021-11-25T19:11:20ZTransdermal Vaccination with the Matrix-2 Protein Virus-like Particle (M2e VLP) Induces Immunity in Mice against Influenza A Virus10.3390/vaccines91113242076-393Xhttps://doaj.org/article/8e0046a8fd814c2cbdef883f842e9fd42021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/11/1324https://doaj.org/toc/2076-393XIn this study, our goal was to utilize the extracellular domain matrix-2 protein virus-like particle (M2e VLP) that has been found to be highly conserved amongst all strains of influenza and could serve as a potential vaccine candidate against influenza. Previous studies have demonstrated that the VLP of the M2e showed increased activation of innate and adaptive immune responses. Therefore, to further explore its level of efficacy and protection, this vaccine was administered transdermally and tested in a pre-clinical mouse model. The M2e VLP was encapsulated into a polymeric matrix with the addition of Alhydrogel<sup>®</sup> and Monophosphoryl Lipid-A (MPL-A<sup>®</sup>), together referred to as AS04. The M2e VLP formulations induced IgG titers, with increased levels of IgG1 in the M2e VLP MP groups and further elevated levels of IgG2a were found specifically in the M2e VLP MP Adjuvant group. This trend in humoral immunity was also observed from a cell-mediated standpoint, where M2e VLP MP groups showed increased expression in CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells in the spleen and the lymph node and high levels of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells in the lymph node. Taken together, the results illustrate the immunogenic potential of the matrix-2 protein virus-like particle (M2e VLP) vaccine.Kimberly Braz GomesSucheta D’SaGrace Lovia Allotey-BabingtonSang-Moo KangMartin J. D’SouzaMDPI AGarticlevirus-like particles (VLPs)transdermalinfluenza A virusMedicineRENVaccines, Vol 9, Iss 1324, p 1324 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	virus-like particles (VLPs) transdermal influenza A virus Medicine R
spellingShingle	virus-like particles (VLPs) transdermal influenza A virus Medicine R Kimberly Braz Gomes Sucheta D’Sa Grace Lovia Allotey-Babington Sang-Moo Kang Martin J. D’Souza Transdermal Vaccination with the Matrix-2 Protein Virus-like Particle (M2e VLP) Induces Immunity in Mice against Influenza A Virus
description	In this study, our goal was to utilize the extracellular domain matrix-2 protein virus-like particle (M2e VLP) that has been found to be highly conserved amongst all strains of influenza and could serve as a potential vaccine candidate against influenza. Previous studies have demonstrated that the VLP of the M2e showed increased activation of innate and adaptive immune responses. Therefore, to further explore its level of efficacy and protection, this vaccine was administered transdermally and tested in a pre-clinical mouse model. The M2e VLP was encapsulated into a polymeric matrix with the addition of Alhydrogel<sup>®</sup> and Monophosphoryl Lipid-A (MPL-A<sup>®</sup>), together referred to as AS04. The M2e VLP formulations induced IgG titers, with increased levels of IgG1 in the M2e VLP MP groups and further elevated levels of IgG2a were found specifically in the M2e VLP MP Adjuvant group. This trend in humoral immunity was also observed from a cell-mediated standpoint, where M2e VLP MP groups showed increased expression in CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells in the spleen and the lymph node and high levels of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells in the lymph node. Taken together, the results illustrate the immunogenic potential of the matrix-2 protein virus-like particle (M2e VLP) vaccine.
format	article
author	Kimberly Braz Gomes Sucheta D’Sa Grace Lovia Allotey-Babington Sang-Moo Kang Martin J. D’Souza
author_facet	Kimberly Braz Gomes Sucheta D’Sa Grace Lovia Allotey-Babington Sang-Moo Kang Martin J. D’Souza
author_sort	Kimberly Braz Gomes
title	Transdermal Vaccination with the Matrix-2 Protein Virus-like Particle (M2e VLP) Induces Immunity in Mice against Influenza A Virus
title_short	Transdermal Vaccination with the Matrix-2 Protein Virus-like Particle (M2e VLP) Induces Immunity in Mice against Influenza A Virus
title_full	Transdermal Vaccination with the Matrix-2 Protein Virus-like Particle (M2e VLP) Induces Immunity in Mice against Influenza A Virus
title_fullStr	Transdermal Vaccination with the Matrix-2 Protein Virus-like Particle (M2e VLP) Induces Immunity in Mice against Influenza A Virus
title_full_unstemmed	Transdermal Vaccination with the Matrix-2 Protein Virus-like Particle (M2e VLP) Induces Immunity in Mice against Influenza A Virus
title_sort	transdermal vaccination with the matrix-2 protein virus-like particle (m2e vlp) induces immunity in mice against influenza a virus
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8e0046a8fd814c2cbdef883f842e9fd4
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Transdermal Vaccination with the Matrix-2 Protein Virus-like Particle (M2e VLP) Induces Immunity in Mice against Influenza A Virus

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