«In Memory of the Innocent Victims…»? Bleiburg – controversial “place of memory” in Croatia

The article is devoted to the Bleiburg myth in the politics of memory in modern Croatia. In mid-May 1945 the contingents which were trying to move to the West and avoid the possible reprisals against them by the victorious communists were transferred to the Yugoslav partisans by the British military...

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Autores principales:	M. V. Belov, S. V. Kuznetsova
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN RU
Publicado:	MGIMO University Press 2020
Materias:	bleiburg myth politics of history in croatia places of memory of victims of all totalitarian regimes independent state of croatia ustasha-nostalgia International relations JZ2-6530
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8e1c16dd7b6a4329b4f533997eb1fde8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8e1c16dd7b6a4329b4f533997eb1fde82021-11-23T14:50:39Z«In Memory of the Innocent Victims…»? Bleiburg – controversial “place of memory” in Croatia2071-81602541-909910.24833/2071-8160-2020-4-73-157-177https://doaj.org/article/8e1c16dd7b6a4329b4f533997eb1fde82020-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.vestnik.mgimo.ru/jour/article/view/1743https://doaj.org/toc/2071-8160https://doaj.org/toc/2541-9099The article is devoted to the Bleiburg myth in the politics of memory in modern Croatia. In mid-May 1945 the contingents which were trying to move to the West and avoid the possible reprisals against them by the victorious communists were transferred to the Yugoslav partisans by the British military administration. Among them prevailed the members of Croatian Ustasha and Slovene Home Guard, but there were also representatives of other nationalities of Yugoslavia. Soon after the war all the victims of the massacres that took place in 1945 and those who died from hunger and illness during the transfer were Croatized through the efforts of the Croatian emigration. After the collapse of Yugoslavia and during the war (1991–1995), the Bleiburg myth began to acquire official status. The return of Ustasha soldiers as heroes to the public sphere under F. Tudjman was due to the concept of «national reconciliation», which was carried out not through awareness of guilt and acceptance of responsibility for the crimes committed, but through their full or partial justification.The first part of the article reviews the research literature on the Bleiburg myth, the stages of its formation and functional significance. The second part examines the public debate around the Sarajevo mass for the murdered and other commemorative events in the anniversary in May 2020. They are compared with the evaluations of the Bleiburg narrative-ritual complex expressed in the literature.The 75th anniversary of Bleiburg commemorated in an atmosphere of fatigue from the restrictions due to the coronavirus pandemic and on the eve of the Croatian parliamentary elections, demonstrated deep social division, the contested character of history and the political interest in discussing this tragedy. Comparison of the research literature with publications in the mass press indicates the obviousness of the functional model of the Bleiburg myth for a significant segment of Croatian society. Although the demand for renewal of the memorial repertoire seems to have increased, it is still not enough for the transition to the new politics of memory.M. V. BelovS. V. KuznetsovaMGIMO University Pressarticlebleiburg mythpolitics of history in croatiaplaces of memory of victims of all totalitarian regimesindependent state of croatiaustasha-nostalgiaInternational relationsJZ2-6530ENRUVestnik MGIMO-Universiteta, Vol 13, Iss 4, Pp 157-177 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN RU
topic	bleiburg myth politics of history in croatia places of memory of victims of all totalitarian regimes independent state of croatia ustasha-nostalgia International relations JZ2-6530
spellingShingle	bleiburg myth politics of history in croatia places of memory of victims of all totalitarian regimes independent state of croatia ustasha-nostalgia International relations JZ2-6530 M. V. Belov S. V. Kuznetsova «In Memory of the Innocent Victims…»? Bleiburg – controversial “place of memory” in Croatia
description	The article is devoted to the Bleiburg myth in the politics of memory in modern Croatia. In mid-May 1945 the contingents which were trying to move to the West and avoid the possible reprisals against them by the victorious communists were transferred to the Yugoslav partisans by the British military administration. Among them prevailed the members of Croatian Ustasha and Slovene Home Guard, but there were also representatives of other nationalities of Yugoslavia. Soon after the war all the victims of the massacres that took place in 1945 and those who died from hunger and illness during the transfer were Croatized through the efforts of the Croatian emigration. After the collapse of Yugoslavia and during the war (1991–1995), the Bleiburg myth began to acquire official status. The return of Ustasha soldiers as heroes to the public sphere under F. Tudjman was due to the concept of «national reconciliation», which was carried out not through awareness of guilt and acceptance of responsibility for the crimes committed, but through their full or partial justification.The first part of the article reviews the research literature on the Bleiburg myth, the stages of its formation and functional significance. The second part examines the public debate around the Sarajevo mass for the murdered and other commemorative events in the anniversary in May 2020. They are compared with the evaluations of the Bleiburg narrative-ritual complex expressed in the literature.The 75th anniversary of Bleiburg commemorated in an atmosphere of fatigue from the restrictions due to the coronavirus pandemic and on the eve of the Croatian parliamentary elections, demonstrated deep social division, the contested character of history and the political interest in discussing this tragedy. Comparison of the research literature with publications in the mass press indicates the obviousness of the functional model of the Bleiburg myth for a significant segment of Croatian society. Although the demand for renewal of the memorial repertoire seems to have increased, it is still not enough for the transition to the new politics of memory.
format	article
author	M. V. Belov S. V. Kuznetsova
author_facet	M. V. Belov S. V. Kuznetsova
author_sort	M. V. Belov
title	«In Memory of the Innocent Victims…»? Bleiburg – controversial “place of memory” in Croatia
title_short	«In Memory of the Innocent Victims…»? Bleiburg – controversial “place of memory” in Croatia
title_full	«In Memory of the Innocent Victims…»? Bleiburg – controversial “place of memory” in Croatia
title_fullStr	«In Memory of the Innocent Victims…»? Bleiburg – controversial “place of memory” in Croatia
title_full_unstemmed	«In Memory of the Innocent Victims…»? Bleiburg – controversial “place of memory” in Croatia
title_sort	«in memory of the innocent victims…»? bleiburg – controversial “place of memory” in croatia
publisher	MGIMO University Press
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/8e1c16dd7b6a4329b4f533997eb1fde8
work_keys_str_mv	AT mvbelov inmemoryoftheinnocentvictimsbleiburgcontroversialplaceofmemoryincroatia AT svkuznetsova inmemoryoftheinnocentvictimsbleiburgcontroversialplaceofmemoryincroatia
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«In Memory of the Innocent Victims…»? Bleiburg – controversial “place of memory” in Croatia

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