Impact of controlled-release urea on rice yield, nitrogen use efficiency and soil fertility in a single rice cropping system

Abstract Overuse of nitrogen (N) fertilizer has led to low N use efficiency (NUE) and high N loss in single rice cropping systems in southeast China. Application of controlled-release urea (CRU) is considered as an effective N fertilizer practice for improving crop yields and NUE. Here, field experi...

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Autores principales:	Zhaoming Chen, Qiang Wang, Junwei Ma, Ping Zou, Lina Jiang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8e1dd7804f5440679b1a81b9024e6996
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8e1dd7804f5440679b1a81b9024e69962021-12-02T17:44:55ZImpact of controlled-release urea on rice yield, nitrogen use efficiency and soil fertility in a single rice cropping system10.1038/s41598-020-67110-62045-2322https://doaj.org/article/8e1dd7804f5440679b1a81b9024e69962020-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-67110-6https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Overuse of nitrogen (N) fertilizer has led to low N use efficiency (NUE) and high N loss in single rice cropping systems in southeast China. Application of controlled-release urea (CRU) is considered as an effective N fertilizer practice for improving crop yields and NUE. Here, field experiments were conducted during 2015–2017 to assess the effects of two CRUs (resin-coated urea (RCU) and polyurethane-coated urea (PCU)) on rice yields, NUE and soil fertility at two sites (Lincheng town (LC) and Xintang town (XT)). Four treatments were established at each site: (1) control with no N application (CK), (2) split application of conventional urea (U, 270 kg N ha−1), (3) single basal application of RCU (RCU, 216 kg N ha−1), and (4) single basal application of PCU (PCU, 216 kg N ha−1). The N application rate in the CRU treatment compared to the U treatment was reduced by 20%. However, the results showed that, compared to split application of urea, single basal application of CRU led to similar rice grain yields and aboveground biomass at both sites. No significant difference in the N uptake by rice plant was observed between the U and CRU treatments at either site. There were no significant differences in the N apparent recovery efficiency (NARE) among the U, RCU and PCU treatments, with the exception of that in XT in 2015. Compared to application of U, application of CRU increased the N agronomic efficiency (NAE) and N partial factor productivity (NPFP) by 17.4–52.6% and 23.4–29.8% at the LC site, and 15.0–84.1% and 23.2–33.4% at the XT site, respectively, during 2015–2017. Yield component analysis revealed that greater rice grain yield in response to N fertilizer was attributed mainly to the number of panicles per m2, which increased in the fertilized treatments compared to the CK treatment. The application of CRU did not affect the soil fertility after rice harvest in 2016. Overall, these results suggest that single basal application of CRU constitutes a promising alternative N management practice for reducing N application rates, time- and labor-consuming in rice production in southeast China.Zhaoming ChenQiang WangJunwei MaPing ZouLina JiangNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Zhaoming Chen Qiang Wang Junwei Ma Ping Zou Lina Jiang Impact of controlled-release urea on rice yield, nitrogen use efficiency and soil fertility in a single rice cropping system
description	Abstract Overuse of nitrogen (N) fertilizer has led to low N use efficiency (NUE) and high N loss in single rice cropping systems in southeast China. Application of controlled-release urea (CRU) is considered as an effective N fertilizer practice for improving crop yields and NUE. Here, field experiments were conducted during 2015–2017 to assess the effects of two CRUs (resin-coated urea (RCU) and polyurethane-coated urea (PCU)) on rice yields, NUE and soil fertility at two sites (Lincheng town (LC) and Xintang town (XT)). Four treatments were established at each site: (1) control with no N application (CK), (2) split application of conventional urea (U, 270 kg N ha−1), (3) single basal application of RCU (RCU, 216 kg N ha−1), and (4) single basal application of PCU (PCU, 216 kg N ha−1). The N application rate in the CRU treatment compared to the U treatment was reduced by 20%. However, the results showed that, compared to split application of urea, single basal application of CRU led to similar rice grain yields and aboveground biomass at both sites. No significant difference in the N uptake by rice plant was observed between the U and CRU treatments at either site. There were no significant differences in the N apparent recovery efficiency (NARE) among the U, RCU and PCU treatments, with the exception of that in XT in 2015. Compared to application of U, application of CRU increased the N agronomic efficiency (NAE) and N partial factor productivity (NPFP) by 17.4–52.6% and 23.4–29.8% at the LC site, and 15.0–84.1% and 23.2–33.4% at the XT site, respectively, during 2015–2017. Yield component analysis revealed that greater rice grain yield in response to N fertilizer was attributed mainly to the number of panicles per m2, which increased in the fertilized treatments compared to the CK treatment. The application of CRU did not affect the soil fertility after rice harvest in 2016. Overall, these results suggest that single basal application of CRU constitutes a promising alternative N management practice for reducing N application rates, time- and labor-consuming in rice production in southeast China.
format	article
author	Zhaoming Chen Qiang Wang Junwei Ma Ping Zou Lina Jiang
author_facet	Zhaoming Chen Qiang Wang Junwei Ma Ping Zou Lina Jiang
author_sort	Zhaoming Chen
title	Impact of controlled-release urea on rice yield, nitrogen use efficiency and soil fertility in a single rice cropping system
title_short	Impact of controlled-release urea on rice yield, nitrogen use efficiency and soil fertility in a single rice cropping system
title_full	Impact of controlled-release urea on rice yield, nitrogen use efficiency and soil fertility in a single rice cropping system
title_fullStr	Impact of controlled-release urea on rice yield, nitrogen use efficiency and soil fertility in a single rice cropping system
title_full_unstemmed	Impact of controlled-release urea on rice yield, nitrogen use efficiency and soil fertility in a single rice cropping system
title_sort	impact of controlled-release urea on rice yield, nitrogen use efficiency and soil fertility in a single rice cropping system
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/8e1dd7804f5440679b1a81b9024e6996
work_keys_str_mv	AT zhaomingchen impactofcontrolledreleaseureaonriceyieldnitrogenuseefficiencyandsoilfertilityinasinglericecroppingsystem AT qiangwang impactofcontrolledreleaseureaonriceyieldnitrogenuseefficiencyandsoilfertilityinasinglericecroppingsystem AT junweima impactofcontrolledreleaseureaonriceyieldnitrogenuseefficiencyandsoilfertilityinasinglericecroppingsystem AT pingzou impactofcontrolledreleaseureaonriceyieldnitrogenuseefficiencyandsoilfertilityinasinglericecroppingsystem AT linajiang impactofcontrolledreleaseureaonriceyieldnitrogenuseefficiencyandsoilfertilityinasinglericecroppingsystem
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Impact of controlled-release urea on rice yield, nitrogen use efficiency and soil fertility in a single rice cropping system

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