Designing magnetic field sensor based on tapered photonic crystal fibre assisted by a ferrofluid

Abstract A novel magnetic field sensor is proposed based on the combination of in-line tapered photonic crystal fibre (PCF) Mach–Zehnder interferometer and magnetic nanoparticles. The sensor is theoretically investigated and experimentally realized. The effect of the mechanical strain and the magnet...

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Autores principales:	Mostafa Taghizadeh, Forough Bozorgzadeh, Marjan Ghorbani
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8e3dab9d555747feb31ba197170f2ea8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8e3dab9d555747feb31ba197170f2ea82021-12-02T18:30:58ZDesigning magnetic field sensor based on tapered photonic crystal fibre assisted by a ferrofluid10.1038/s41598-021-93568-z2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/8e3dab9d555747feb31ba197170f2ea82021-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-93568-zhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract A novel magnetic field sensor is proposed based on the combination of in-line tapered photonic crystal fibre (PCF) Mach–Zehnder interferometer and magnetic nanoparticles. The sensor is theoretically investigated and experimentally realized. The effect of the mechanical strain and the magnetic field on the sensitivity of the sensor is studied. It is found that the proposed sensor shows a wavelength-sensitivity of $$-\,0.072\,\text {nm/mT}$$ - 0.072 nm/mT and a strain-sensitivity of $$1\,\text {pm/}\upmu \,\epsilon \,$$ 1 pm/ μ ϵ . To evaluate the effect of the magnetic nanoparticles on the output light intensity, the sensitivity response of the device has been measured under different magnetic field strengths for different length scales. The experimental results show refractive index changes of the magnetic nanoparticles-infiltrated PCF—acting as fibre cladding—under the applied magnetic field leads to variations of the interferometric output. The sensitivity of magnetic field measurement with the sensor with $$30\,\text {mm}$$ 30 mm and $$40\,\text {mm}$$ 40 mm PCF could reach up to $$0.021\,\text {dB/mT}$$ 0.021 dB/mT and $$0.017\,\text {dB/mT}$$ 0.017 dB/mT , respectively. The results show a very good linear response that is an essential requirement for the practical sensors. The proposed magnetic field sensor finds applications in various areas, such as optical sensing, military, power industry, and tunable photonic devices.Mostafa TaghizadehForough BozorgzadehMarjan GhorbaniNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Mostafa Taghizadeh Forough Bozorgzadeh Marjan Ghorbani Designing magnetic field sensor based on tapered photonic crystal fibre assisted by a ferrofluid
description	Abstract A novel magnetic field sensor is proposed based on the combination of in-line tapered photonic crystal fibre (PCF) Mach–Zehnder interferometer and magnetic nanoparticles. The sensor is theoretically investigated and experimentally realized. The effect of the mechanical strain and the magnetic field on the sensitivity of the sensor is studied. It is found that the proposed sensor shows a wavelength-sensitivity of $$-\,0.072\,\text {nm/mT}$$ - 0.072 nm/mT and a strain-sensitivity of $$1\,\text {pm/}\upmu \,\epsilon \,$$ 1 pm/ μ ϵ . To evaluate the effect of the magnetic nanoparticles on the output light intensity, the sensitivity response of the device has been measured under different magnetic field strengths for different length scales. The experimental results show refractive index changes of the magnetic nanoparticles-infiltrated PCF—acting as fibre cladding—under the applied magnetic field leads to variations of the interferometric output. The sensitivity of magnetic field measurement with the sensor with $$30\,\text {mm}$$ 30 mm and $$40\,\text {mm}$$ 40 mm PCF could reach up to $$0.021\,\text {dB/mT}$$ 0.021 dB/mT and $$0.017\,\text {dB/mT}$$ 0.017 dB/mT , respectively. The results show a very good linear response that is an essential requirement for the practical sensors. The proposed magnetic field sensor finds applications in various areas, such as optical sensing, military, power industry, and tunable photonic devices.
format	article
author	Mostafa Taghizadeh Forough Bozorgzadeh Marjan Ghorbani
author_facet	Mostafa Taghizadeh Forough Bozorgzadeh Marjan Ghorbani
author_sort	Mostafa Taghizadeh
title	Designing magnetic field sensor based on tapered photonic crystal fibre assisted by a ferrofluid
title_short	Designing magnetic field sensor based on tapered photonic crystal fibre assisted by a ferrofluid
title_full	Designing magnetic field sensor based on tapered photonic crystal fibre assisted by a ferrofluid
title_fullStr	Designing magnetic field sensor based on tapered photonic crystal fibre assisted by a ferrofluid
title_full_unstemmed	Designing magnetic field sensor based on tapered photonic crystal fibre assisted by a ferrofluid
title_sort	designing magnetic field sensor based on tapered photonic crystal fibre assisted by a ferrofluid
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8e3dab9d555747feb31ba197170f2ea8
work_keys_str_mv	AT mostafataghizadeh designingmagneticfieldsensorbasedontaperedphotoniccrystalfibreassistedbyaferrofluid AT foroughbozorgzadeh designingmagneticfieldsensorbasedontaperedphotoniccrystalfibreassistedbyaferrofluid AT marjanghorbani designingmagneticfieldsensorbasedontaperedphotoniccrystalfibreassistedbyaferrofluid
_version_	1718377992575516672

Designing magnetic field sensor based on tapered photonic crystal fibre assisted by a ferrofluid

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