Online and offline effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation of the primary motor cortex

Abstract Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that allows interaction with endogenous cortical oscillatory rhythms by means of external sinusoidal potentials. The physiological mechanisms underlying tACS effects are still under debate. Whe...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Ivan Pozdniakov, Alicia Nunez Vorobiova, Giulia Galli, Simone Rossi, Matteo Feurra
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8e4e91991c6c4fd5af42cb41d8e87db3
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:8e4e91991c6c4fd5af42cb41d8e87db3
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8e4e91991c6c4fd5af42cb41d8e87db32021-12-02T14:21:57ZOnline and offline effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation of the primary motor cortex10.1038/s41598-021-83449-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/8e4e91991c6c4fd5af42cb41d8e87db32021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83449-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that allows interaction with endogenous cortical oscillatory rhythms by means of external sinusoidal potentials. The physiological mechanisms underlying tACS effects are still under debate. Whereas online (e.g., ongoing) tACS over the motor cortex induces robust state-, phase- and frequency-dependent effects on cortical excitability, the offline effects (i.e. after-effects) of tACS are less clear. Here, we explored online and offline effects of tACS in two single-blind, sham-controlled experiments. In both experiments we used neuronavigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the primary motor cortex (M1) as a probe to index changes of cortical excitability and delivered M1 tACS at 10 Hz (alpha), 20 Hz (beta) and sham (30 s of low-frequency transcranial random noise stimulation; tRNS). Corticospinal excitability was measured by single pulse TMS-induced motor evoked potentials (MEPs). tACS was delivered online in Experiment 1 and offline in Experiment 2. In Experiment 1, the increase of MEPs size was maximal with the 20 Hz stimulation, however in Experiment 2 neither the 10 Hz nor the 20 Hz stimulation induced tACS offline effects. These findings support the idea that tACS affects cortical excitability only during online application, at least when delivered on the scalp overlying M1, thereby contributing to the development of effective protocols that can be applied to clinical populations.Ivan PozdniakovAlicia Nunez VorobiovaGiulia GalliSimone RossiMatteo FeurraNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Ivan Pozdniakov Alicia Nunez Vorobiova Giulia Galli Simone Rossi Matteo Feurra Online and offline effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation of the primary motor cortex
description	Abstract Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that allows interaction with endogenous cortical oscillatory rhythms by means of external sinusoidal potentials. The physiological mechanisms underlying tACS effects are still under debate. Whereas online (e.g., ongoing) tACS over the motor cortex induces robust state-, phase- and frequency-dependent effects on cortical excitability, the offline effects (i.e. after-effects) of tACS are less clear. Here, we explored online and offline effects of tACS in two single-blind, sham-controlled experiments. In both experiments we used neuronavigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the primary motor cortex (M1) as a probe to index changes of cortical excitability and delivered M1 tACS at 10 Hz (alpha), 20 Hz (beta) and sham (30 s of low-frequency transcranial random noise stimulation; tRNS). Corticospinal excitability was measured by single pulse TMS-induced motor evoked potentials (MEPs). tACS was delivered online in Experiment 1 and offline in Experiment 2. In Experiment 1, the increase of MEPs size was maximal with the 20 Hz stimulation, however in Experiment 2 neither the 10 Hz nor the 20 Hz stimulation induced tACS offline effects. These findings support the idea that tACS affects cortical excitability only during online application, at least when delivered on the scalp overlying M1, thereby contributing to the development of effective protocols that can be applied to clinical populations.
format	article
author	Ivan Pozdniakov Alicia Nunez Vorobiova Giulia Galli Simone Rossi Matteo Feurra
author_facet	Ivan Pozdniakov Alicia Nunez Vorobiova Giulia Galli Simone Rossi Matteo Feurra
author_sort	Ivan Pozdniakov
title	Online and offline effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation of the primary motor cortex
title_short	Online and offline effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation of the primary motor cortex
title_full	Online and offline effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation of the primary motor cortex
title_fullStr	Online and offline effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation of the primary motor cortex
title_full_unstemmed	Online and offline effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation of the primary motor cortex
title_sort	online and offline effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation of the primary motor cortex
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8e4e91991c6c4fd5af42cb41d8e87db3
work_keys_str_mv	AT ivanpozdniakov onlineandofflineeffectsoftranscranialalternatingcurrentstimulationoftheprimarymotorcortex AT alicianunezvorobiova onlineandofflineeffectsoftranscranialalternatingcurrentstimulationoftheprimarymotorcortex AT giuliagalli onlineandofflineeffectsoftranscranialalternatingcurrentstimulationoftheprimarymotorcortex AT simonerossi onlineandofflineeffectsoftranscranialalternatingcurrentstimulationoftheprimarymotorcortex AT matteofeurra onlineandofflineeffectsoftranscranialalternatingcurrentstimulationoftheprimarymotorcortex
_version_	1718391500160630784

Online and offline effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation of the primary motor cortex

Ejemplares similares