Localization of nuclear materials in large concrete radioactive waste packages using photofission delayed gamma rays

The characterization of radioactive waste packages is mandatory for their transport, interim storage and final disposal. In this framework, the Nuclear Measurement Laboratory of CEA DES IRESNE Institute, at Cadarache, France, uses a high-energy electron linear accelerator (LINAC) to produce an inter...

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Autores principales:	Delarue Manon, Simon Eric, Pérot Bertrand, Allinei Pierre-Guy, Estre Nicolas, Eck Daniel, Payan Emmanuel, Tisseur David, Gueton O., Ricard Denise, Collot Johann
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	EDP Sciences 2021
Materias:	photofission uranium delayed gamma rays bremsstrahlung mcnp concrete matrix nuclear material localization Physics QC1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8e5afd5164b74863aa0d44fa691f7737
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8e5afd5164b74863aa0d44fa691f77372021-12-02T17:12:46ZLocalization of nuclear materials in large concrete radioactive waste packages using photofission delayed gamma rays2100-014X10.1051/epjconf/202125308003https://doaj.org/article/8e5afd5164b74863aa0d44fa691f77372021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.epj-conferences.org/articles/epjconf/pdf/2021/07/epjconf_animma2021_08003.pdfhttps://doaj.org/toc/2100-014XThe characterization of radioactive waste packages is mandatory for their transport, interim storage and final disposal. In this framework, the Nuclear Measurement Laboratory of CEA DES IRESNE Institute, at Cadarache, France, uses a high-energy electron linear accelerator (LINAC) to produce an interrogating bremsstrahlung beam with endpoint energies ranging from 9 to 21 MeV to perform X-ray imaging and high-energy photon interrogation on large concrete packages. In particular, highenergy photon beam induces photofission reactions in both fissile (235U, 239Pu, 241Pu) and fertile (238U, 240Pu, 232Th, etc.) actinides possibly present in the radioactive waste. In order to assess their mass, we use delayed gamma rays emitted by their photofission products, which are measured with a 50 % relative efficiency High-Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector. Actinide differentiation, which is important for the fissile mass estimation, is based on the ratios of gamma rays emitted by different photofission products and requires appropriate corrections for the gamma attenuation in concrete. To this aim, we report here a localization method of point-like nuclear materials in the concrete matrix, based on the differential attenuation of several gamma rays emitted by a same photofission product. We use here the 1435.9 and 2639.6 keV lines of 138Cs, with both experimental data and MCNP numerical simulations to determine the (r,θ) coordinates of nuclear materials. Then, the depth inside the concrete matrix, which is determined with a precision of a few percent, mainly depending on counting statistics on 1435.9 and 2639.6 keV net peak areas, is used to correct for the different gamma ratios used in the actinide identification method. Experimental tests with uranium samples have been performed to validate the localization method.Delarue ManonSimon EricPérot BertrandAllinei Pierre-GuyEstre NicolasEck DanielPayan EmmanuelTisseur DavidGueton O.Ricard DeniseCollot JohannEDP Sciencesarticlephotofissionuraniumdelayed gamma raysbremsstrahlungmcnpconcrete matrixnuclear material localizationPhysicsQC1-999ENEPJ Web of Conferences, Vol 253, p 08003 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	photofission uranium delayed gamma rays bremsstrahlung mcnp concrete matrix nuclear material localization Physics QC1-999
spellingShingle	photofission uranium delayed gamma rays bremsstrahlung mcnp concrete matrix nuclear material localization Physics QC1-999 Delarue Manon Simon Eric Pérot Bertrand Allinei Pierre-Guy Estre Nicolas Eck Daniel Payan Emmanuel Tisseur David Gueton O. Ricard Denise Collot Johann Localization of nuclear materials in large concrete radioactive waste packages using photofission delayed gamma rays
description	The characterization of radioactive waste packages is mandatory for their transport, interim storage and final disposal. In this framework, the Nuclear Measurement Laboratory of CEA DES IRESNE Institute, at Cadarache, France, uses a high-energy electron linear accelerator (LINAC) to produce an interrogating bremsstrahlung beam with endpoint energies ranging from 9 to 21 MeV to perform X-ray imaging and high-energy photon interrogation on large concrete packages. In particular, highenergy photon beam induces photofission reactions in both fissile (235U, 239Pu, 241Pu) and fertile (238U, 240Pu, 232Th, etc.) actinides possibly present in the radioactive waste. In order to assess their mass, we use delayed gamma rays emitted by their photofission products, which are measured with a 50 % relative efficiency High-Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector. Actinide differentiation, which is important for the fissile mass estimation, is based on the ratios of gamma rays emitted by different photofission products and requires appropriate corrections for the gamma attenuation in concrete. To this aim, we report here a localization method of point-like nuclear materials in the concrete matrix, based on the differential attenuation of several gamma rays emitted by a same photofission product. We use here the 1435.9 and 2639.6 keV lines of 138Cs, with both experimental data and MCNP numerical simulations to determine the (r,θ) coordinates of nuclear materials. Then, the depth inside the concrete matrix, which is determined with a precision of a few percent, mainly depending on counting statistics on 1435.9 and 2639.6 keV net peak areas, is used to correct for the different gamma ratios used in the actinide identification method. Experimental tests with uranium samples have been performed to validate the localization method.
format	article
author	Delarue Manon Simon Eric Pérot Bertrand Allinei Pierre-Guy Estre Nicolas Eck Daniel Payan Emmanuel Tisseur David Gueton O. Ricard Denise Collot Johann
author_facet	Delarue Manon Simon Eric Pérot Bertrand Allinei Pierre-Guy Estre Nicolas Eck Daniel Payan Emmanuel Tisseur David Gueton O. Ricard Denise Collot Johann
author_sort	Delarue Manon
title	Localization of nuclear materials in large concrete radioactive waste packages using photofission delayed gamma rays
title_short	Localization of nuclear materials in large concrete radioactive waste packages using photofission delayed gamma rays
title_full	Localization of nuclear materials in large concrete radioactive waste packages using photofission delayed gamma rays
title_fullStr	Localization of nuclear materials in large concrete radioactive waste packages using photofission delayed gamma rays
title_full_unstemmed	Localization of nuclear materials in large concrete radioactive waste packages using photofission delayed gamma rays
title_sort	localization of nuclear materials in large concrete radioactive waste packages using photofission delayed gamma rays
publisher	EDP Sciences
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8e5afd5164b74863aa0d44fa691f7737
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Localization of nuclear materials in large concrete radioactive waste packages using photofission delayed gamma rays

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