Oceanic records of North American bats and implications for offshore wind energy development in the United States

Abstract Offshore wind energy is a growing industry in the United States, and renewable energy from offshore wind is estimated to double the country's total electricity generation. There is growing concern that land‐based wind development in North America is negatively impacting bat populations...

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Autores principales:	Donald I. Solick, Christian M. Newman
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2021
Materias:	Atlantic Ocean bats North America offshore Pacific Ocean wind energy Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8e685099e52645629c8afa11d3cea1bb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8e685099e52645629c8afa11d3cea1bb2021-11-08T17:10:40ZOceanic records of North American bats and implications for offshore wind energy development in the United States2045-775810.1002/ece3.8175https://doaj.org/article/8e685099e52645629c8afa11d3cea1bb2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8175https://doaj.org/toc/2045-7758Abstract Offshore wind energy is a growing industry in the United States, and renewable energy from offshore wind is estimated to double the country's total electricity generation. There is growing concern that land‐based wind development in North America is negatively impacting bat populations, primarily long‐distance migrating bats, but the impacts to bats from offshore wind energy are unknown. Bats are associated with the terrestrial environment, but have been observed over the ocean. In this review, we synthesize historic and contemporary accounts of bats observed and acoustically recorded in the North American marine environment to ascertain the spatial and temporal distribution of bats flying offshore. We incorporate studies of offshore bats in Europe and of bat behavior at land‐based wind energy studies to examine how offshore wind development could impact North American bat populations. We find that most offshore bat records are of long‐distance migrating bats and records occur during autumn migration, the period of highest fatality rates for long‐distance migrating bats at land‐based wind facilities in North America. We summarize evidence that bats may be attracted to offshore turbines, potentially increasing their exposure to risk of collision. However, higher wind speeds offshore can potentially reduce the amount of time that bats are exposed to risk. We identify knowledge gaps and hypothesize that a combination of operational minimization strategies may be the most effective approach for reducing impacts to bats and maximizing offshore energy production.Donald I. SolickChristian M. NewmanWileyarticleAtlantic OceanbatsNorth AmericaoffshorePacific Oceanwind energyEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcology and Evolution, Vol 11, Iss 21, Pp 14433-14447 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Atlantic Ocean bats North America offshore Pacific Ocean wind energy Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	Atlantic Ocean bats North America offshore Pacific Ocean wind energy Ecology QH540-549.5 Donald I. Solick Christian M. Newman Oceanic records of North American bats and implications for offshore wind energy development in the United States
description	Abstract Offshore wind energy is a growing industry in the United States, and renewable energy from offshore wind is estimated to double the country's total electricity generation. There is growing concern that land‐based wind development in North America is negatively impacting bat populations, primarily long‐distance migrating bats, but the impacts to bats from offshore wind energy are unknown. Bats are associated with the terrestrial environment, but have been observed over the ocean. In this review, we synthesize historic and contemporary accounts of bats observed and acoustically recorded in the North American marine environment to ascertain the spatial and temporal distribution of bats flying offshore. We incorporate studies of offshore bats in Europe and of bat behavior at land‐based wind energy studies to examine how offshore wind development could impact North American bat populations. We find that most offshore bat records are of long‐distance migrating bats and records occur during autumn migration, the period of highest fatality rates for long‐distance migrating bats at land‐based wind facilities in North America. We summarize evidence that bats may be attracted to offshore turbines, potentially increasing their exposure to risk of collision. However, higher wind speeds offshore can potentially reduce the amount of time that bats are exposed to risk. We identify knowledge gaps and hypothesize that a combination of operational minimization strategies may be the most effective approach for reducing impacts to bats and maximizing offshore energy production.
format	article
author	Donald I. Solick Christian M. Newman
author_facet	Donald I. Solick Christian M. Newman
author_sort	Donald I. Solick
title	Oceanic records of North American bats and implications for offshore wind energy development in the United States
title_short	Oceanic records of North American bats and implications for offshore wind energy development in the United States
title_full	Oceanic records of North American bats and implications for offshore wind energy development in the United States
title_fullStr	Oceanic records of North American bats and implications for offshore wind energy development in the United States
title_full_unstemmed	Oceanic records of North American bats and implications for offshore wind energy development in the United States
title_sort	oceanic records of north american bats and implications for offshore wind energy development in the united states
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8e685099e52645629c8afa11d3cea1bb
work_keys_str_mv	AT donaldisolick oceanicrecordsofnorthamericanbatsandimplicationsforoffshorewindenergydevelopmentintheunitedstates AT christianmnewman oceanicrecordsofnorthamericanbatsandimplicationsforoffshorewindenergydevelopmentintheunitedstates
_version_	1718441492292304896

Oceanic records of North American bats and implications for offshore wind energy development in the United States

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