Embryonic exposure to predation risk and hatch time variation in fathead minnows.

Organisms are exposed to a wealth of chemical information during their development. Some of these chemical cues indicate present or future dangers, such as the presence of predators that feed on either the developing embryos or their nearby parents. Organisms may use this information to modify their...

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Autores principales:	Marianna E Horn, Douglas P Chivers
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/8eaef118019a4b9a900b501d307240ea
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:8eaef118019a4b9a900b501d307240ea2021-12-02T20:18:15ZEmbryonic exposure to predation risk and hatch time variation in fathead minnows.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0255961https://doaj.org/article/8eaef118019a4b9a900b501d307240ea2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255961https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Organisms are exposed to a wealth of chemical information during their development. Some of these chemical cues indicate present or future dangers, such as the presence of predators that feed on either the developing embryos or their nearby parents. Organisms may use this information to modify their morphology or life-history, including hatching timing, or may retain information about risk until it gains relevance. Previous research has shown predation-induced alterations in hatching among embryonic minnows that were exposed to mechanical-injury-released alarm cues from conspecific embryos. Here, we test whether minnows likewise hatch early in response to alarm cues from injured adult conspecifics. We know that embryonic minnows can detect adult alarm cues and use them to facilitate learned recognition of predators; however, it is unknown whether these adult alarm cues will also induce a change in hatching time. Early hatching may allow animals to rapidly disperse away from potential predators, but late hatching may allow animals to grow and develop structures that allow them to effectively escape when they do hatch. Here, we found here that unlike embryonic fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) exposed to embryonic cues, embryonic minnows exposed to adult alarm cues do not exhibit early hatching. The ability of embryos to recognize adult alarm cues as a future threat, but not a current one, demonstrates sophisticated ontogenetic specificity in the hatching response of embryonic minnows.Marianna E HornDouglas P ChiversPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e0255961 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Marianna E Horn Douglas P Chivers Embryonic exposure to predation risk and hatch time variation in fathead minnows.
description	Organisms are exposed to a wealth of chemical information during their development. Some of these chemical cues indicate present or future dangers, such as the presence of predators that feed on either the developing embryos or their nearby parents. Organisms may use this information to modify their morphology or life-history, including hatching timing, or may retain information about risk until it gains relevance. Previous research has shown predation-induced alterations in hatching among embryonic minnows that were exposed to mechanical-injury-released alarm cues from conspecific embryos. Here, we test whether minnows likewise hatch early in response to alarm cues from injured adult conspecifics. We know that embryonic minnows can detect adult alarm cues and use them to facilitate learned recognition of predators; however, it is unknown whether these adult alarm cues will also induce a change in hatching time. Early hatching may allow animals to rapidly disperse away from potential predators, but late hatching may allow animals to grow and develop structures that allow them to effectively escape when they do hatch. Here, we found here that unlike embryonic fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) exposed to embryonic cues, embryonic minnows exposed to adult alarm cues do not exhibit early hatching. The ability of embryos to recognize adult alarm cues as a future threat, but not a current one, demonstrates sophisticated ontogenetic specificity in the hatching response of embryonic minnows.
format	article
author	Marianna E Horn Douglas P Chivers
author_facet	Marianna E Horn Douglas P Chivers
author_sort	Marianna E Horn
title	Embryonic exposure to predation risk and hatch time variation in fathead minnows.
title_short	Embryonic exposure to predation risk and hatch time variation in fathead minnows.
title_full	Embryonic exposure to predation risk and hatch time variation in fathead minnows.
title_fullStr	Embryonic exposure to predation risk and hatch time variation in fathead minnows.
title_full_unstemmed	Embryonic exposure to predation risk and hatch time variation in fathead minnows.
title_sort	embryonic exposure to predation risk and hatch time variation in fathead minnows.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/8eaef118019a4b9a900b501d307240ea
work_keys_str_mv	AT mariannaehorn embryonicexposuretopredationriskandhatchtimevariationinfatheadminnows AT douglaspchivers embryonicexposuretopredationriskandhatchtimevariationinfatheadminnows
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Embryonic exposure to predation risk and hatch time variation in fathead minnows.

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